Killer Whale (Orcinus orca) Deaths in Prince William Sound, Alaska, 1985–1990
During 1985–1990, two groups of killer whales in Prince William Sound, Alaska, experienced unusually high rates of mortality, while seven others did not. Those affected were AB pod, part of the southern Alaska population of resident (fish-eating) killer whales, and the AT1 transient (marine mammal–e...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3545487 2023-05-15T17:03:29+02:00 Killer Whale (Orcinus orca) Deaths in Prince William Sound, Alaska, 1985–1990 Fraker, Mark A. 2013-01-02 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3545487 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23335844 https://doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2012.719385 en eng Taylor & Francis http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3545487 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23335844 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2012.719385 Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC Perspective Articles Text 2013 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2012.719385 2013-09-04T18:25:30Z During 1985–1990, two groups of killer whales in Prince William Sound, Alaska, experienced unusually high rates of mortality, while seven others did not. Those affected were AB pod, part of the southern Alaska population of resident (fish-eating) killer whales, and the AT1 transient (marine mammal–eating) group, a very small, reproductively isolated population that last reproduced in 1984. In 1985–1986, several AB pod members were shot by fishermen defending their catch from depredation, which explains some of the deaths. Understanding the other deaths is complicated by the Exxon Valdez oil spill (March 1989) and uncertainties about the causes and times of the deaths. For AB pod, possible factors involved in the post-spill mortalities are delayed effects of bullet wounds, continued shooting, oil exposure, and consequences of being orphaned. For the AT1 group, possible factors are oil exposure, small population size, old age, and high-contaminant burdens. An analysis of possible effects of inhalation of volatile organic compounds, contact with the oil slick, and ingestion of oil with water or prey did not reveal route(s) of exposure that could explain the mortalities. The cause(s) of the killer whale deaths recorded following the oil spill remain uncertain. Text Killer Whale Orca Orcinus orca Alaska Killer whale PubMed Central (PMC) Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal 19 1 28 52 |
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Perspective Articles Fraker, Mark A. Killer Whale (Orcinus orca) Deaths in Prince William Sound, Alaska, 1985–1990 |
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Perspective Articles |
description |
During 1985–1990, two groups of killer whales in Prince William Sound, Alaska, experienced unusually high rates of mortality, while seven others did not. Those affected were AB pod, part of the southern Alaska population of resident (fish-eating) killer whales, and the AT1 transient (marine mammal–eating) group, a very small, reproductively isolated population that last reproduced in 1984. In 1985–1986, several AB pod members were shot by fishermen defending their catch from depredation, which explains some of the deaths. Understanding the other deaths is complicated by the Exxon Valdez oil spill (March 1989) and uncertainties about the causes and times of the deaths. For AB pod, possible factors involved in the post-spill mortalities are delayed effects of bullet wounds, continued shooting, oil exposure, and consequences of being orphaned. For the AT1 group, possible factors are oil exposure, small population size, old age, and high-contaminant burdens. An analysis of possible effects of inhalation of volatile organic compounds, contact with the oil slick, and ingestion of oil with water or prey did not reveal route(s) of exposure that could explain the mortalities. The cause(s) of the killer whale deaths recorded following the oil spill remain uncertain. |
format |
Text |
author |
Fraker, Mark A. |
author_facet |
Fraker, Mark A. |
author_sort |
Fraker, Mark A. |
title |
Killer Whale (Orcinus orca) Deaths in Prince William Sound, Alaska, 1985–1990 |
title_short |
Killer Whale (Orcinus orca) Deaths in Prince William Sound, Alaska, 1985–1990 |
title_full |
Killer Whale (Orcinus orca) Deaths in Prince William Sound, Alaska, 1985–1990 |
title_fullStr |
Killer Whale (Orcinus orca) Deaths in Prince William Sound, Alaska, 1985–1990 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Killer Whale (Orcinus orca) Deaths in Prince William Sound, Alaska, 1985–1990 |
title_sort |
killer whale (orcinus orca) deaths in prince william sound, alaska, 1985–1990 |
publisher |
Taylor & Francis |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3545487 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23335844 https://doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2012.719385 |
genre |
Killer Whale Orca Orcinus orca Alaska Killer whale |
genre_facet |
Killer Whale Orca Orcinus orca Alaska Killer whale |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3545487 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23335844 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2012.719385 |
op_rights |
Copyright © Taylor & Francis Group, LLC |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1080/10807039.2012.719385 |
container_title |
Human and Ecological Risk Assessment: An International Journal |
container_volume |
19 |
container_issue |
1 |
container_start_page |
28 |
op_container_end_page |
52 |
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1766057365117861888 |