Changes in dive behavior during naval sonar exposure in killer whales, long-finned pilot whales, and sperm whales
Anthropogenic underwater sound in the environment might potentially affect the behavior of marine mammals enough to have an impact on their reproduction and survival. Diving behavior of four killer whales (Orcinus orca), seven long-finned pilot whales (Globicephala melas), and four sperm whales (Phy...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3468818 2023-05-15T17:53:54+02:00 Changes in dive behavior during naval sonar exposure in killer whales, long-finned pilot whales, and sperm whales Sivle, L. D. Kvadsheim, P. H. Fahlman, A. Lam, F. P. A. Tyack, P. L. Miller, P. J. O. 2012-10-11 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3468818 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23087648 https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2012.00400 en eng Frontiers Media S.A. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3468818 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23087648 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2012.00400 Copyright © 2012 Sivle, Kvadsheim, Fahlman, Lam, Tyack and Miller. http://www.frontiersin.org/licenseagreement This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in other forums, provided the original authors and source are credited and subject to any copyright notices concerning any third-party graphics etc. CC-BY Physiology Text 2012 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2012.00400 2013-09-04T14:20:47Z Anthropogenic underwater sound in the environment might potentially affect the behavior of marine mammals enough to have an impact on their reproduction and survival. Diving behavior of four killer whales (Orcinus orca), seven long-finned pilot whales (Globicephala melas), and four sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) was studied during controlled exposures to naval sonar [low frequency active sonar (LFAS): 1–2 kHz and mid frequency active sonar (MFAS): 6–7 kHz] during three field seasons (2006–2009). Diving behavior was monitored before, during and after sonar exposure using an archival tag placed on the animal with suction cups. The tag recorded the animal's vertical movement, and additional data on horizontal movement and vocalizations were used to determine behavioral modes. Killer whales that were conducting deep dives at sonar onset changed abruptly to shallow diving (ShD) during LFAS, while killer whales conducting deep dives at the onset of MFAS did not alter dive mode. When in ShD mode at sonar onset, killer whales did not change their diving behavior. Pilot and sperm whales performed normal deep dives (NDD) during MFAS exposure. During LFAS exposures, long-finned pilot whales mostly performed fewer deep dives and some sperm whales performed shallower and shorter dives. Acoustic recording data presented previously indicates that deep diving (DD) is associated with feeding. Therefore, the observed changes in dive behavior of the three species could potentially reduce the foraging efficiency of the affected animals. Text Orca Orcinus orca Physeter macrocephalus PubMed Central (PMC) Frontiers in Physiology 3 |
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Physiology Sivle, L. D. Kvadsheim, P. H. Fahlman, A. Lam, F. P. A. Tyack, P. L. Miller, P. J. O. Changes in dive behavior during naval sonar exposure in killer whales, long-finned pilot whales, and sperm whales |
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Physiology |
description |
Anthropogenic underwater sound in the environment might potentially affect the behavior of marine mammals enough to have an impact on their reproduction and survival. Diving behavior of four killer whales (Orcinus orca), seven long-finned pilot whales (Globicephala melas), and four sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) was studied during controlled exposures to naval sonar [low frequency active sonar (LFAS): 1–2 kHz and mid frequency active sonar (MFAS): 6–7 kHz] during three field seasons (2006–2009). Diving behavior was monitored before, during and after sonar exposure using an archival tag placed on the animal with suction cups. The tag recorded the animal's vertical movement, and additional data on horizontal movement and vocalizations were used to determine behavioral modes. Killer whales that were conducting deep dives at sonar onset changed abruptly to shallow diving (ShD) during LFAS, while killer whales conducting deep dives at the onset of MFAS did not alter dive mode. When in ShD mode at sonar onset, killer whales did not change their diving behavior. Pilot and sperm whales performed normal deep dives (NDD) during MFAS exposure. During LFAS exposures, long-finned pilot whales mostly performed fewer deep dives and some sperm whales performed shallower and shorter dives. Acoustic recording data presented previously indicates that deep diving (DD) is associated with feeding. Therefore, the observed changes in dive behavior of the three species could potentially reduce the foraging efficiency of the affected animals. |
format |
Text |
author |
Sivle, L. D. Kvadsheim, P. H. Fahlman, A. Lam, F. P. A. Tyack, P. L. Miller, P. J. O. |
author_facet |
Sivle, L. D. Kvadsheim, P. H. Fahlman, A. Lam, F. P. A. Tyack, P. L. Miller, P. J. O. |
author_sort |
Sivle, L. D. |
title |
Changes in dive behavior during naval sonar exposure in killer whales, long-finned pilot whales, and sperm whales |
title_short |
Changes in dive behavior during naval sonar exposure in killer whales, long-finned pilot whales, and sperm whales |
title_full |
Changes in dive behavior during naval sonar exposure in killer whales, long-finned pilot whales, and sperm whales |
title_fullStr |
Changes in dive behavior during naval sonar exposure in killer whales, long-finned pilot whales, and sperm whales |
title_full_unstemmed |
Changes in dive behavior during naval sonar exposure in killer whales, long-finned pilot whales, and sperm whales |
title_sort |
changes in dive behavior during naval sonar exposure in killer whales, long-finned pilot whales, and sperm whales |
publisher |
Frontiers Media S.A. |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3468818 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23087648 https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2012.00400 |
genre |
Orca Orcinus orca Physeter macrocephalus |
genre_facet |
Orca Orcinus orca Physeter macrocephalus |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3468818 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23087648 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2012.00400 |
op_rights |
Copyright © 2012 Sivle, Kvadsheim, Fahlman, Lam, Tyack and Miller. http://www.frontiersin.org/licenseagreement This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in other forums, provided the original authors and source are credited and subject to any copyright notices concerning any third-party graphics etc. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2012.00400 |
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Frontiers in Physiology |
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3 |
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1766161613190070272 |