Regeneration of whole fertile plants from 30,000-y-old fruit tissue buried in Siberian permafrost
Whole, fertile plants of Silene stenophylla Ledeb. (Caryophyllaceae) have been uniquely regenerated from maternal, immature fruit tissue of Late Pleistocene age using in vitro tissue culture and clonal micropropagation. The fruits were excavated in northeastern Siberia from fossil squirrel burrows b...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3309767 2023-05-15T17:57:02+02:00 Regeneration of whole fertile plants from 30,000-y-old fruit tissue buried in Siberian permafrost Yashina, Svetlana Gubin, Stanislav Maksimovich, Stanislav Yashina, Alexandra Gakhova, Edith Gilichinsky, David 2012-03-06 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3309767 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22355102 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1118386109 en eng National Academy of Sciences http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3309767 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22355102 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1118386109 Biological Sciences Text 2012 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1118386109 2013-09-04T04:33:12Z Whole, fertile plants of Silene stenophylla Ledeb. (Caryophyllaceae) have been uniquely regenerated from maternal, immature fruit tissue of Late Pleistocene age using in vitro tissue culture and clonal micropropagation. The fruits were excavated in northeastern Siberia from fossil squirrel burrows buried at a depth of 38 m in undisturbed and never thawed Late Pleistocene permafrost sediments with a temperature of −7 °C. Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dating showed fruits to be 31,800 ± 300 y old. The total γ-radiation dose accumulated by the fruits during this time was calculated as 0.07 kGy; this is the maximal reported dose after which tissues remain viable and seeds still germinate. Regenerated plants were brought to flowering and fruiting and they set viable seeds. At present, plants of S. stenophylla are the most ancient, viable, multicellular, living organisms. Morphophysiological studies comparing regenerated and extant plants obtained from modern seeds of the same species in the same region revealed that they were distinct phenotypes of S. stenophylla. The first generation cultivated from seeds obtained from regenerated plants progressed through all developmental stages and had the same morphological features as parent plants. The investigation showed high cryoresistance of plant placental tissue in permafrost. This natural cryopreservation of plant tissue over many thousands of years demonstrates a role for permafrost as a depository for an ancient gene pool, i.e., preexisting life, which hypothetically has long since vanished from the earth's surface, a potential source of ancient germplasm, and a laboratory for the study of rates of microevolution. Text permafrost Siberia PubMed Central (PMC) Burrows ENVELOPE(163.650,163.650,-74.300,-74.300) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 109 10 4008 4013 |
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PubMed Central (PMC) |
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ftpubmed |
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English |
topic |
Biological Sciences |
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Biological Sciences Yashina, Svetlana Gubin, Stanislav Maksimovich, Stanislav Yashina, Alexandra Gakhova, Edith Gilichinsky, David Regeneration of whole fertile plants from 30,000-y-old fruit tissue buried in Siberian permafrost |
topic_facet |
Biological Sciences |
description |
Whole, fertile plants of Silene stenophylla Ledeb. (Caryophyllaceae) have been uniquely regenerated from maternal, immature fruit tissue of Late Pleistocene age using in vitro tissue culture and clonal micropropagation. The fruits were excavated in northeastern Siberia from fossil squirrel burrows buried at a depth of 38 m in undisturbed and never thawed Late Pleistocene permafrost sediments with a temperature of −7 °C. Accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) radiocarbon dating showed fruits to be 31,800 ± 300 y old. The total γ-radiation dose accumulated by the fruits during this time was calculated as 0.07 kGy; this is the maximal reported dose after which tissues remain viable and seeds still germinate. Regenerated plants were brought to flowering and fruiting and they set viable seeds. At present, plants of S. stenophylla are the most ancient, viable, multicellular, living organisms. Morphophysiological studies comparing regenerated and extant plants obtained from modern seeds of the same species in the same region revealed that they were distinct phenotypes of S. stenophylla. The first generation cultivated from seeds obtained from regenerated plants progressed through all developmental stages and had the same morphological features as parent plants. The investigation showed high cryoresistance of plant placental tissue in permafrost. This natural cryopreservation of plant tissue over many thousands of years demonstrates a role for permafrost as a depository for an ancient gene pool, i.e., preexisting life, which hypothetically has long since vanished from the earth's surface, a potential source of ancient germplasm, and a laboratory for the study of rates of microevolution. |
format |
Text |
author |
Yashina, Svetlana Gubin, Stanislav Maksimovich, Stanislav Yashina, Alexandra Gakhova, Edith Gilichinsky, David |
author_facet |
Yashina, Svetlana Gubin, Stanislav Maksimovich, Stanislav Yashina, Alexandra Gakhova, Edith Gilichinsky, David |
author_sort |
Yashina, Svetlana |
title |
Regeneration of whole fertile plants from 30,000-y-old fruit tissue buried in Siberian permafrost |
title_short |
Regeneration of whole fertile plants from 30,000-y-old fruit tissue buried in Siberian permafrost |
title_full |
Regeneration of whole fertile plants from 30,000-y-old fruit tissue buried in Siberian permafrost |
title_fullStr |
Regeneration of whole fertile plants from 30,000-y-old fruit tissue buried in Siberian permafrost |
title_full_unstemmed |
Regeneration of whole fertile plants from 30,000-y-old fruit tissue buried in Siberian permafrost |
title_sort |
regeneration of whole fertile plants from 30,000-y-old fruit tissue buried in siberian permafrost |
publisher |
National Academy of Sciences |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3309767 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22355102 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1118386109 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(163.650,163.650,-74.300,-74.300) |
geographic |
Burrows |
geographic_facet |
Burrows |
genre |
permafrost Siberia |
genre_facet |
permafrost Siberia |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3309767 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/22355102 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1118386109 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1118386109 |
container_title |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
container_volume |
109 |
container_issue |
10 |
container_start_page |
4008 |
op_container_end_page |
4013 |
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1766165381477564416 |