Multiple cenozoic invasions of Africa by penguins (Aves, Sphenisciformes)
Africa hosts a single breeding species of penguin today, yet the fossil record indicates that a diverse array of now-extinct taxa once inhabited southern African coastlines. Here, we show that the African penguin fauna had a complex history involving multiple dispersals and extinctions. Phylogenetic...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3259938 2023-05-15T13:55:16+02:00 Multiple cenozoic invasions of Africa by penguins (Aves, Sphenisciformes) Ksepka, Daniel T. Thomas, Daniel B. 2012-03-07 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3259938 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21900330 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.1592 en eng The Royal Society http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3259938 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21900330 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.1592 This journal is © 2011 The Royal Society Research Articles Text 2012 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.1592 2013-09-04T01:22:20Z Africa hosts a single breeding species of penguin today, yet the fossil record indicates that a diverse array of now-extinct taxa once inhabited southern African coastlines. Here, we show that the African penguin fauna had a complex history involving multiple dispersals and extinctions. Phylogenetic analyses and biogeographic reconstructions incorporating new fossil material indicate that, contrary to previous hypotheses, the four Early Pliocene African penguin species do not represent an endemic radiation or direct ancestors of the living Spheniscus demersus (blackfooted penguin). A minimum of three dispersals to Africa, probably assisted by the eastward-flowing Antarctic Circumpolar and South Atlantic currents, occurred during the Late Cenozoic. As regional sea-level fall eliminated islands and reduced offshore breeding areas during the Pliocene, all but one penguin lineage ended in extinction, resulting in today's depleted fauna. Text Antarc* Antarctic PubMed Central (PMC) Antarctic Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 279 1730 1027 1032 |
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Research Articles Ksepka, Daniel T. Thomas, Daniel B. Multiple cenozoic invasions of Africa by penguins (Aves, Sphenisciformes) |
topic_facet |
Research Articles |
description |
Africa hosts a single breeding species of penguin today, yet the fossil record indicates that a diverse array of now-extinct taxa once inhabited southern African coastlines. Here, we show that the African penguin fauna had a complex history involving multiple dispersals and extinctions. Phylogenetic analyses and biogeographic reconstructions incorporating new fossil material indicate that, contrary to previous hypotheses, the four Early Pliocene African penguin species do not represent an endemic radiation or direct ancestors of the living Spheniscus demersus (blackfooted penguin). A minimum of three dispersals to Africa, probably assisted by the eastward-flowing Antarctic Circumpolar and South Atlantic currents, occurred during the Late Cenozoic. As regional sea-level fall eliminated islands and reduced offshore breeding areas during the Pliocene, all but one penguin lineage ended in extinction, resulting in today's depleted fauna. |
format |
Text |
author |
Ksepka, Daniel T. Thomas, Daniel B. |
author_facet |
Ksepka, Daniel T. Thomas, Daniel B. |
author_sort |
Ksepka, Daniel T. |
title |
Multiple cenozoic invasions of Africa by penguins (Aves, Sphenisciformes) |
title_short |
Multiple cenozoic invasions of Africa by penguins (Aves, Sphenisciformes) |
title_full |
Multiple cenozoic invasions of Africa by penguins (Aves, Sphenisciformes) |
title_fullStr |
Multiple cenozoic invasions of Africa by penguins (Aves, Sphenisciformes) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Multiple cenozoic invasions of Africa by penguins (Aves, Sphenisciformes) |
title_sort |
multiple cenozoic invasions of africa by penguins (aves, sphenisciformes) |
publisher |
The Royal Society |
publishDate |
2012 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3259938 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21900330 https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.1592 |
geographic |
Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3259938 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21900330 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.1592 |
op_rights |
This journal is © 2011 The Royal Society |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2011.1592 |
container_title |
Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
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279 |
container_issue |
1730 |
container_start_page |
1027 |
op_container_end_page |
1032 |
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1766261635215785984 |