Development of Gaze Following Abilities in Wolves (Canis Lupus)
The ability to coordinate with others' head and eye orientation to look in the same direction is considered a key step towards an understanding of others mental states like attention and intention. Here, we investigated the ontogeny and habituation patterns of gaze following into distant space...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:3044139 2023-05-15T15:50:25+02:00 Development of Gaze Following Abilities in Wolves (Canis Lupus) Range, Friederike Virányi, Zsófia 2011-02-23 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3044139 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21373192 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0016888 en eng Public Library of Science http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3044139 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21373192 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0016888 Range, Virányi. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. CC-BY Research Article Text 2011 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0016888 2013-09-03T11:24:14Z The ability to coordinate with others' head and eye orientation to look in the same direction is considered a key step towards an understanding of others mental states like attention and intention. Here, we investigated the ontogeny and habituation patterns of gaze following into distant space and behind barriers in nine hand-raised wolves. We found that these wolves could use conspecific as well as human gaze cues even in the barrier task, which is thought to be more cognitively advanced than gazing into distant space. Moreover, while gaze following into distant space was already present at the age of 14 weeks and subjects did not habituate to repeated cues, gazing around a barrier developed considerably later and animals quickly habituated, supporting the hypothesis that different cognitive mechanisms may underlie the two gaze following modalities. More importantly, this study demonstrated that following another individuals' gaze around a barrier is not restricted to primates and corvids but is also present in canines, with remarkable between-group similarities in the ontogeny of this behaviour. This sheds new light on the evolutionary origins of and selective pressures on gaze following abilities as well as on the sensitivity of domestic dogs towards human communicative cues. Text Canis lupus PubMed Central (PMC) PLoS ONE 6 2 e16888 |
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Research Article Range, Friederike Virányi, Zsófia Development of Gaze Following Abilities in Wolves (Canis Lupus) |
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The ability to coordinate with others' head and eye orientation to look in the same direction is considered a key step towards an understanding of others mental states like attention and intention. Here, we investigated the ontogeny and habituation patterns of gaze following into distant space and behind barriers in nine hand-raised wolves. We found that these wolves could use conspecific as well as human gaze cues even in the barrier task, which is thought to be more cognitively advanced than gazing into distant space. Moreover, while gaze following into distant space was already present at the age of 14 weeks and subjects did not habituate to repeated cues, gazing around a barrier developed considerably later and animals quickly habituated, supporting the hypothesis that different cognitive mechanisms may underlie the two gaze following modalities. More importantly, this study demonstrated that following another individuals' gaze around a barrier is not restricted to primates and corvids but is also present in canines, with remarkable between-group similarities in the ontogeny of this behaviour. This sheds new light on the evolutionary origins of and selective pressures on gaze following abilities as well as on the sensitivity of domestic dogs towards human communicative cues. |
format |
Text |
author |
Range, Friederike Virányi, Zsófia |
author_facet |
Range, Friederike Virányi, Zsófia |
author_sort |
Range, Friederike |
title |
Development of Gaze Following Abilities in Wolves (Canis Lupus) |
title_short |
Development of Gaze Following Abilities in Wolves (Canis Lupus) |
title_full |
Development of Gaze Following Abilities in Wolves (Canis Lupus) |
title_fullStr |
Development of Gaze Following Abilities in Wolves (Canis Lupus) |
title_full_unstemmed |
Development of Gaze Following Abilities in Wolves (Canis Lupus) |
title_sort |
development of gaze following abilities in wolves (canis lupus) |
publisher |
Public Library of Science |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3044139 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21373192 https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0016888 |
genre |
Canis lupus |
genre_facet |
Canis lupus |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3044139 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21373192 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0016888 |
op_rights |
Range, Virányi. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0016888 |
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PLoS ONE |
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6 |
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2 |
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e16888 |
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