Accelerated warming of the Southern Ocean and its impacts on the hydrological cycle and sea ice
The observed sea surface temperature in the Southern Ocean shows a substantial warming trend for the second half of the 20th century. Associated with the warming, there has been an enhanced atmospheric hydrological cycle in the Southern Ocean that results in an increase of the Antarctic sea ice for...
Published in: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , |
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Published: |
National Academy of Sciences
2010
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2930561 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20713736 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1003336107 |
id |
ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2930561 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:2930561 2023-05-15T13:54:28+02:00 Accelerated warming of the Southern Ocean and its impacts on the hydrological cycle and sea ice Liu, Jiping Curry, Judith A. 2010-08-24 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2930561 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20713736 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1003336107 en eng National Academy of Sciences http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2930561 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20713736 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1003336107 Physical Sciences Text 2010 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1003336107 2013-09-03T04:14:42Z The observed sea surface temperature in the Southern Ocean shows a substantial warming trend for the second half of the 20th century. Associated with the warming, there has been an enhanced atmospheric hydrological cycle in the Southern Ocean that results in an increase of the Antarctic sea ice for the past three decades through the reduced upward ocean heat transport and increased snowfall. The simulated sea surface temperature variability from two global coupled climate models for the second half of the 20th century is dominated by natural internal variability associated with the Antarctic Oscillation, suggesting that the models’ internal variability is too strong, leading to a response to anthropogenic forcing that is too weak. With increased loading of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere through the 21st century, the models show an accelerated warming in the Southern Ocean, and indicate that anthropogenic forcing exceeds natural internal variability. The increased heating from below (ocean) and above (atmosphere) and increased liquid precipitation associated with the enhanced hydrological cycle results in a projected decline of the Antarctic sea ice. Text Antarc* Antarctic Sea ice Southern Ocean PubMed Central (PMC) Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 107 34 14987 14992 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
PubMed Central (PMC) |
op_collection_id |
ftpubmed |
language |
English |
topic |
Physical Sciences |
spellingShingle |
Physical Sciences Liu, Jiping Curry, Judith A. Accelerated warming of the Southern Ocean and its impacts on the hydrological cycle and sea ice |
topic_facet |
Physical Sciences |
description |
The observed sea surface temperature in the Southern Ocean shows a substantial warming trend for the second half of the 20th century. Associated with the warming, there has been an enhanced atmospheric hydrological cycle in the Southern Ocean that results in an increase of the Antarctic sea ice for the past three decades through the reduced upward ocean heat transport and increased snowfall. The simulated sea surface temperature variability from two global coupled climate models for the second half of the 20th century is dominated by natural internal variability associated with the Antarctic Oscillation, suggesting that the models’ internal variability is too strong, leading to a response to anthropogenic forcing that is too weak. With increased loading of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere through the 21st century, the models show an accelerated warming in the Southern Ocean, and indicate that anthropogenic forcing exceeds natural internal variability. The increased heating from below (ocean) and above (atmosphere) and increased liquid precipitation associated with the enhanced hydrological cycle results in a projected decline of the Antarctic sea ice. |
format |
Text |
author |
Liu, Jiping Curry, Judith A. |
author_facet |
Liu, Jiping Curry, Judith A. |
author_sort |
Liu, Jiping |
title |
Accelerated warming of the Southern Ocean and its impacts on the hydrological cycle and sea ice |
title_short |
Accelerated warming of the Southern Ocean and its impacts on the hydrological cycle and sea ice |
title_full |
Accelerated warming of the Southern Ocean and its impacts on the hydrological cycle and sea ice |
title_fullStr |
Accelerated warming of the Southern Ocean and its impacts on the hydrological cycle and sea ice |
title_full_unstemmed |
Accelerated warming of the Southern Ocean and its impacts on the hydrological cycle and sea ice |
title_sort |
accelerated warming of the southern ocean and its impacts on the hydrological cycle and sea ice |
publisher |
National Academy of Sciences |
publishDate |
2010 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2930561 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20713736 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1003336107 |
geographic |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic Southern Ocean The Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Sea ice Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Sea ice Southern Ocean |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2930561 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20713736 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1003336107 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1003336107 |
container_title |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
container_volume |
107 |
container_issue |
34 |
container_start_page |
14987 |
op_container_end_page |
14992 |
_version_ |
1766260390814023680 |