Sea Ice Microbial Communities: Distribution, Abundance, and Diversity of Ice Bacteria in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, in 1980
An abundant and diverse bacterial community was found within brine channels of annual sea ice and at the ice-seawater interface in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, in 1980. The mean bacterial standing crop was 1.4 × 1011 cells m−2 (9.8 mg of C m−2); bacterial concentrations as high as 1.02 × 1012 cells m−...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:239766 2023-05-15T14:04:10+02:00 Sea Ice Microbial Communities: Distribution, Abundance, and Diversity of Ice Bacteria in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, in 1980 Sullivan, Cornelius W. Palmisano, Anna C. 1984-04 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC239766 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16346517 en eng http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC239766 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16346517 Copyright © 1984, American Society for Microbiology General Microbial Ecology Text 1984 ftpubmed 2013-08-29T15:57:00Z An abundant and diverse bacterial community was found within brine channels of annual sea ice and at the ice-seawater interface in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, in 1980. The mean bacterial standing crop was 1.4 × 1011 cells m−2 (9.8 mg of C m−2); bacterial concentrations as high as 1.02 × 1012 cells m−3 were observed in ice core melt water. Vertical profiles of ice cores 1.3 to 2.5 m long showed that 47% of the bacterial numbers and 93% of the bacterial biomass were located in the bottom 20 cm of sea ice. Ice bacterial biomass concentration was more than 10 times higher than bacterioplankton from the water column. Scanning electron micrographs showed a variety of morphologically distinct cell types, including coccoid, rod, fusiform, filamentous, and prosthecate forms; dividing cells were commonly observed. Approximately 70% of the ice bacteria were free-living, whereas 30% were attached to either living algal cells or detritus. Interactions between ice bacteria and microalgae were suggested by a positive correlation between bacterial numbers and chlorophyll a content of the ice. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed a close physical association between epibacteria and a dominant ice alga of the genus Amphiprora. We propose that sea ice microbial communities are not only sources of primary production but also sources of secondary microbial production in polar ecosystems. Furthermore, we propose that a detrital food web may be associated with polar sea ice. Text Antarc* Antarctica ice core McMurdo Sound Sea ice PubMed Central (PMC) McMurdo Sound |
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language |
English |
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General Microbial Ecology |
spellingShingle |
General Microbial Ecology Sullivan, Cornelius W. Palmisano, Anna C. Sea Ice Microbial Communities: Distribution, Abundance, and Diversity of Ice Bacteria in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, in 1980 |
topic_facet |
General Microbial Ecology |
description |
An abundant and diverse bacterial community was found within brine channels of annual sea ice and at the ice-seawater interface in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, in 1980. The mean bacterial standing crop was 1.4 × 1011 cells m−2 (9.8 mg of C m−2); bacterial concentrations as high as 1.02 × 1012 cells m−3 were observed in ice core melt water. Vertical profiles of ice cores 1.3 to 2.5 m long showed that 47% of the bacterial numbers and 93% of the bacterial biomass were located in the bottom 20 cm of sea ice. Ice bacterial biomass concentration was more than 10 times higher than bacterioplankton from the water column. Scanning electron micrographs showed a variety of morphologically distinct cell types, including coccoid, rod, fusiform, filamentous, and prosthecate forms; dividing cells were commonly observed. Approximately 70% of the ice bacteria were free-living, whereas 30% were attached to either living algal cells or detritus. Interactions between ice bacteria and microalgae were suggested by a positive correlation between bacterial numbers and chlorophyll a content of the ice. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy revealed a close physical association between epibacteria and a dominant ice alga of the genus Amphiprora. We propose that sea ice microbial communities are not only sources of primary production but also sources of secondary microbial production in polar ecosystems. Furthermore, we propose that a detrital food web may be associated with polar sea ice. |
format |
Text |
author |
Sullivan, Cornelius W. Palmisano, Anna C. |
author_facet |
Sullivan, Cornelius W. Palmisano, Anna C. |
author_sort |
Sullivan, Cornelius W. |
title |
Sea Ice Microbial Communities: Distribution, Abundance, and Diversity of Ice Bacteria in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, in 1980 |
title_short |
Sea Ice Microbial Communities: Distribution, Abundance, and Diversity of Ice Bacteria in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, in 1980 |
title_full |
Sea Ice Microbial Communities: Distribution, Abundance, and Diversity of Ice Bacteria in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, in 1980 |
title_fullStr |
Sea Ice Microbial Communities: Distribution, Abundance, and Diversity of Ice Bacteria in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, in 1980 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Sea Ice Microbial Communities: Distribution, Abundance, and Diversity of Ice Bacteria in McMurdo Sound, Antarctica, in 1980 |
title_sort |
sea ice microbial communities: distribution, abundance, and diversity of ice bacteria in mcmurdo sound, antarctica, in 1980 |
publishDate |
1984 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC239766 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16346517 |
geographic |
McMurdo Sound |
geographic_facet |
McMurdo Sound |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica ice core McMurdo Sound Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica ice core McMurdo Sound Sea ice |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC239766 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16346517 |
op_rights |
Copyright © 1984, American Society for Microbiology |
_version_ |
1766275179096309760 |