Impact of anthropogenic atmospheric nitrogen and sulfur deposition on ocean acidification and the inorganic carbon system
Fossil fuel combustion and agriculture result in atmospheric deposition of 0.8 Tmol/yr reactive sulfur and 2.7 Tmol/yr nitrogen to the coastal and open ocean near major source regions in North America, Europe, and South and East Asia. Atmospheric inputs of dissociation products of strong acids (HNO3...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1965482 2023-05-15T17:50:42+02:00 Impact of anthropogenic atmospheric nitrogen and sulfur deposition on ocean acidification and the inorganic carbon system Doney, Scott C. Mahowald, Natalie Lima, Ivan Feely, Richard A. Mackenzie, Fred T. Lamarque, Jean-Francois Rasch, Phil J. 2007-09-11 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1965482 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17804807 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0702218104 en eng National Academy of Sciences http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1965482 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17804807 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0702218104 © 2007 by The National Academy of Sciences of the USA Physical Sciences Text 2007 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0702218104 2013-09-01T01:36:13Z Fossil fuel combustion and agriculture result in atmospheric deposition of 0.8 Tmol/yr reactive sulfur and 2.7 Tmol/yr nitrogen to the coastal and open ocean near major source regions in North America, Europe, and South and East Asia. Atmospheric inputs of dissociation products of strong acids (HNO3 and H2SO4) and bases (NH3) alter surface seawater alkalinity, pH, and inorganic carbon storage. We quantify the biogeochemical impacts by using atmosphere and ocean models. The direct acid/base flux to the ocean is predominately acidic (reducing total alkalinity) in the temperate Northern Hemisphere and alkaline in the tropics because of ammonia inputs. However, because most of the excess ammonia is nitrified to nitrate (NO3−) in the upper ocean, the effective net atmospheric input is acidic almost everywhere. The decrease in surface alkalinity drives a net air–sea efflux of CO2, reducing surface dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC); the alkalinity and DIC changes mostly offset each other, and the decline in surface pH is small. Additional impacts arise from nitrogen fertilization, leading to elevated primary production and biological DIC drawdown that reverses in some places the sign of the surface pH and air–sea CO2 flux perturbations. On a global scale, the alterations in surface water chemistry from anthropogenic nitrogen and sulfur deposition are a few percent of the acidification and DIC increases due to the oceanic uptake of anthropogenic CO2. However, the impacts are more substantial in coastal waters, where the ecosystem responses to ocean acidification could have the most severe implications for mankind. Text Ocean acidification PubMed Central (PMC) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 104 37 14580 14585 |
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English |
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Physical Sciences |
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Physical Sciences Doney, Scott C. Mahowald, Natalie Lima, Ivan Feely, Richard A. Mackenzie, Fred T. Lamarque, Jean-Francois Rasch, Phil J. Impact of anthropogenic atmospheric nitrogen and sulfur deposition on ocean acidification and the inorganic carbon system |
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Physical Sciences |
description |
Fossil fuel combustion and agriculture result in atmospheric deposition of 0.8 Tmol/yr reactive sulfur and 2.7 Tmol/yr nitrogen to the coastal and open ocean near major source regions in North America, Europe, and South and East Asia. Atmospheric inputs of dissociation products of strong acids (HNO3 and H2SO4) and bases (NH3) alter surface seawater alkalinity, pH, and inorganic carbon storage. We quantify the biogeochemical impacts by using atmosphere and ocean models. The direct acid/base flux to the ocean is predominately acidic (reducing total alkalinity) in the temperate Northern Hemisphere and alkaline in the tropics because of ammonia inputs. However, because most of the excess ammonia is nitrified to nitrate (NO3−) in the upper ocean, the effective net atmospheric input is acidic almost everywhere. The decrease in surface alkalinity drives a net air–sea efflux of CO2, reducing surface dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC); the alkalinity and DIC changes mostly offset each other, and the decline in surface pH is small. Additional impacts arise from nitrogen fertilization, leading to elevated primary production and biological DIC drawdown that reverses in some places the sign of the surface pH and air–sea CO2 flux perturbations. On a global scale, the alterations in surface water chemistry from anthropogenic nitrogen and sulfur deposition are a few percent of the acidification and DIC increases due to the oceanic uptake of anthropogenic CO2. However, the impacts are more substantial in coastal waters, where the ecosystem responses to ocean acidification could have the most severe implications for mankind. |
format |
Text |
author |
Doney, Scott C. Mahowald, Natalie Lima, Ivan Feely, Richard A. Mackenzie, Fred T. Lamarque, Jean-Francois Rasch, Phil J. |
author_facet |
Doney, Scott C. Mahowald, Natalie Lima, Ivan Feely, Richard A. Mackenzie, Fred T. Lamarque, Jean-Francois Rasch, Phil J. |
author_sort |
Doney, Scott C. |
title |
Impact of anthropogenic atmospheric nitrogen and sulfur deposition on ocean acidification and the inorganic carbon system |
title_short |
Impact of anthropogenic atmospheric nitrogen and sulfur deposition on ocean acidification and the inorganic carbon system |
title_full |
Impact of anthropogenic atmospheric nitrogen and sulfur deposition on ocean acidification and the inorganic carbon system |
title_fullStr |
Impact of anthropogenic atmospheric nitrogen and sulfur deposition on ocean acidification and the inorganic carbon system |
title_full_unstemmed |
Impact of anthropogenic atmospheric nitrogen and sulfur deposition on ocean acidification and the inorganic carbon system |
title_sort |
impact of anthropogenic atmospheric nitrogen and sulfur deposition on ocean acidification and the inorganic carbon system |
publisher |
National Academy of Sciences |
publishDate |
2007 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1965482 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17804807 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0702218104 |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1965482 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17804807 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0702218104 |
op_rights |
© 2007 by The National Academy of Sciences of the USA |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0702218104 |
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
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104 |
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37 |
container_start_page |
14580 |
op_container_end_page |
14585 |
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1766157571556638720 |