Indigenous Bacteria in Hemolymph and Tissues of Marine Bivalves at Low Temperatures
Hemolymph and soft tissues of Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) kept in sand-filtered seawater at temperatures between 1 and 8°C were normally found to contain bacteria, with viable counts (CFU) in hemolymph in the range 1.4 × 102 to 5.6 × 102 bacteria per ml. Pseudomonas, Alteromonas, Vibrio, and...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:182171 2023-05-15T15:59:02+02:00 Indigenous Bacteria in Hemolymph and Tissues of Marine Bivalves at Low Temperatures Olafsen, Jan A. Mikkelsen, Helene V. Giæver, Hanne M. Høvik Hansen, Geir 1993-06 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC182171 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16348962 en eng http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC182171 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16348962 Copyright © 1993, American Society for Microbiology General Microbial Ecology Text 1993 ftpubmed 2013-08-29T13:19:49Z Hemolymph and soft tissues of Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) kept in sand-filtered seawater at temperatures between 1 and 8°C were normally found to contain bacteria, with viable counts (CFU) in hemolymph in the range 1.4 × 102 to 5.6 × 102 bacteria per ml. Pseudomonas, Alteromonas, Vibrio, and Aeromonas organisms dominated, with a smaller variety of morphologically different unidentified strains. Hemolymph and soft tissues of horse mussels (Modiolus modiolus), locally collected from a 6- to 10-m depth in the sea at temperatures between 4 and 6°C, also contained bacteria. The CFU in horse mussel hemolymph was of the same magnitude as that in oysters (mean, 2.6 × 104), and the bacterial flora was dominated by Pseudomonas (61.3%), Vibrio (27.0%), and Aeromonas (11.7%) organisms. In soft tissues of horse mussels, a mean CFU of 2.9 × 104 bacteria per g was found, with Vibrio (38.5%), Pseudomonas (33.0%), and Aeromonas (28.5%) constituting the major genera. After the challenge of oysters in seawater at 4°C to the psychrotrophic fish pathogen Vibrio salmonicida (strains NCIMB 2245 from Scotland and TEO 84001 from Norway) and a commensal Aeromonas sp. isolated from oysters, the viable count in hemolymph increased 1,000-fold to about 105 bacteria per ml. In soft tissues, about a 1,000-fold increase in CFU to 6 × 107 was observed. V. salmonicida NCIMB 2245 invaded hemolymph and soft tissues after 14 days and dominated these compartments after 41 days, whereas strain TEO 84001 did not invade soft tissues to the same extent. Challenge with V. salmonicida NCIMB 2245 resulted in 100% mortality, whereas about 50% of the oysters survived challenge with the Norwegian strain, TEO 84001. The commensal Aeromonas sp. invaded hemolymph and soft tissues and caused 100% mortality. Oyster hemolymph contained agglutinins for Vibrio anguillarum but not for V. salmonicida, whereas we did not find agglutinins for either of these bacteria in horse mussels. Agglutinins for horse and human erythrocytes were found in hemolymph from both ... Text Crassostrea gigas Modiolus modiolus PubMed Central (PMC) Norway Pacific |
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PubMed Central (PMC) |
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ftpubmed |
language |
English |
topic |
General Microbial Ecology |
spellingShingle |
General Microbial Ecology Olafsen, Jan A. Mikkelsen, Helene V. Giæver, Hanne M. Høvik Hansen, Geir Indigenous Bacteria in Hemolymph and Tissues of Marine Bivalves at Low Temperatures |
topic_facet |
General Microbial Ecology |
description |
Hemolymph and soft tissues of Pacific oysters (Crassostrea gigas) kept in sand-filtered seawater at temperatures between 1 and 8°C were normally found to contain bacteria, with viable counts (CFU) in hemolymph in the range 1.4 × 102 to 5.6 × 102 bacteria per ml. Pseudomonas, Alteromonas, Vibrio, and Aeromonas organisms dominated, with a smaller variety of morphologically different unidentified strains. Hemolymph and soft tissues of horse mussels (Modiolus modiolus), locally collected from a 6- to 10-m depth in the sea at temperatures between 4 and 6°C, also contained bacteria. The CFU in horse mussel hemolymph was of the same magnitude as that in oysters (mean, 2.6 × 104), and the bacterial flora was dominated by Pseudomonas (61.3%), Vibrio (27.0%), and Aeromonas (11.7%) organisms. In soft tissues of horse mussels, a mean CFU of 2.9 × 104 bacteria per g was found, with Vibrio (38.5%), Pseudomonas (33.0%), and Aeromonas (28.5%) constituting the major genera. After the challenge of oysters in seawater at 4°C to the psychrotrophic fish pathogen Vibrio salmonicida (strains NCIMB 2245 from Scotland and TEO 84001 from Norway) and a commensal Aeromonas sp. isolated from oysters, the viable count in hemolymph increased 1,000-fold to about 105 bacteria per ml. In soft tissues, about a 1,000-fold increase in CFU to 6 × 107 was observed. V. salmonicida NCIMB 2245 invaded hemolymph and soft tissues after 14 days and dominated these compartments after 41 days, whereas strain TEO 84001 did not invade soft tissues to the same extent. Challenge with V. salmonicida NCIMB 2245 resulted in 100% mortality, whereas about 50% of the oysters survived challenge with the Norwegian strain, TEO 84001. The commensal Aeromonas sp. invaded hemolymph and soft tissues and caused 100% mortality. Oyster hemolymph contained agglutinins for Vibrio anguillarum but not for V. salmonicida, whereas we did not find agglutinins for either of these bacteria in horse mussels. Agglutinins for horse and human erythrocytes were found in hemolymph from both ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Olafsen, Jan A. Mikkelsen, Helene V. Giæver, Hanne M. Høvik Hansen, Geir |
author_facet |
Olafsen, Jan A. Mikkelsen, Helene V. Giæver, Hanne M. Høvik Hansen, Geir |
author_sort |
Olafsen, Jan A. |
title |
Indigenous Bacteria in Hemolymph and Tissues of Marine Bivalves at Low Temperatures |
title_short |
Indigenous Bacteria in Hemolymph and Tissues of Marine Bivalves at Low Temperatures |
title_full |
Indigenous Bacteria in Hemolymph and Tissues of Marine Bivalves at Low Temperatures |
title_fullStr |
Indigenous Bacteria in Hemolymph and Tissues of Marine Bivalves at Low Temperatures |
title_full_unstemmed |
Indigenous Bacteria in Hemolymph and Tissues of Marine Bivalves at Low Temperatures |
title_sort |
indigenous bacteria in hemolymph and tissues of marine bivalves at low temperatures |
publishDate |
1993 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC182171 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16348962 |
geographic |
Norway Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Norway Pacific |
genre |
Crassostrea gigas Modiolus modiolus |
genre_facet |
Crassostrea gigas Modiolus modiolus |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC182171 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16348962 |
op_rights |
Copyright © 1993, American Society for Microbiology |
_version_ |
1766394822445236224 |