Extinction, survival or recovery of large predatory fishes
Large predatory fishes have long played an important role in marine ecosystems and fisheries. Overexploitation, however, is gradually diminishing this role. Recent estimates indicate that exploitation has depleted large predatory fish communities worldwide by at least 90% over the past 50–100 years....
Published in: | Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1636106 2023-05-15T17:45:39+02:00 Extinction, survival or recovery of large predatory fishes Myers, Ransom A. Worm, Boris 2005-01-28 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1636106 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15713586 https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2004.1573 en eng The Royal Society http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1636106 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15713586 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2004.1573 © 2005 The Royal Society Research Article Text 2005 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2004.1573 2013-08-31T09:57:35Z Large predatory fishes have long played an important role in marine ecosystems and fisheries. Overexploitation, however, is gradually diminishing this role. Recent estimates indicate that exploitation has depleted large predatory fish communities worldwide by at least 90% over the past 50–100 years. We demonstrate that these declines are general, independent of methodology, and even higher for sensitive species such as sharks. We also attempt to predict the future prospects of large predatory fishes. (i) An analysis of maximum reproductive rates predicts the collapse and extinction of sensitive species under current levels of fishing mortality. Sensitive species occur in marine habitats worldwide and have to be considered in most management situations. (ii) We show that to ensure the survival of sensitive species in the northwest Atlantic fishing mortality has to be reduced by 40–80%. (iii) We show that rapid recovery of community biomass and diversity usually occurs when fishing mortality is reduced. However, recovery is more variable for single species, often because of the influence of species interactions. We conclude that management of multi-species fisheries needs to be tailored to the most sensitive, rather than the more robust species. This requires reductions in fishing effort, reduction in bycatch mortality and protection of key areas to initiate recovery of severely depleted communities. Text Northwest Atlantic PubMed Central (PMC) Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 360 1453 13 20 |
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Research Article Myers, Ransom A. Worm, Boris Extinction, survival or recovery of large predatory fishes |
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Research Article |
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Large predatory fishes have long played an important role in marine ecosystems and fisheries. Overexploitation, however, is gradually diminishing this role. Recent estimates indicate that exploitation has depleted large predatory fish communities worldwide by at least 90% over the past 50–100 years. We demonstrate that these declines are general, independent of methodology, and even higher for sensitive species such as sharks. We also attempt to predict the future prospects of large predatory fishes. (i) An analysis of maximum reproductive rates predicts the collapse and extinction of sensitive species under current levels of fishing mortality. Sensitive species occur in marine habitats worldwide and have to be considered in most management situations. (ii) We show that to ensure the survival of sensitive species in the northwest Atlantic fishing mortality has to be reduced by 40–80%. (iii) We show that rapid recovery of community biomass and diversity usually occurs when fishing mortality is reduced. However, recovery is more variable for single species, often because of the influence of species interactions. We conclude that management of multi-species fisheries needs to be tailored to the most sensitive, rather than the more robust species. This requires reductions in fishing effort, reduction in bycatch mortality and protection of key areas to initiate recovery of severely depleted communities. |
format |
Text |
author |
Myers, Ransom A. Worm, Boris |
author_facet |
Myers, Ransom A. Worm, Boris |
author_sort |
Myers, Ransom A. |
title |
Extinction, survival or recovery of large predatory fishes |
title_short |
Extinction, survival or recovery of large predatory fishes |
title_full |
Extinction, survival or recovery of large predatory fishes |
title_fullStr |
Extinction, survival or recovery of large predatory fishes |
title_full_unstemmed |
Extinction, survival or recovery of large predatory fishes |
title_sort |
extinction, survival or recovery of large predatory fishes |
publisher |
The Royal Society |
publishDate |
2005 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1636106 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15713586 https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2004.1573 |
genre |
Northwest Atlantic |
genre_facet |
Northwest Atlantic |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1636106 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15713586 http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2004.1573 |
op_rights |
© 2005 The Royal Society |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2004.1573 |
container_title |
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences |
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360 |
container_issue |
1453 |
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13 |
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20 |
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1766148843709136896 |