A climate-change risk analysis for world ecosystems
We quantify the risks of climate-induced changes in key ecosystem processes during the 21st century by forcing a dynamic global vegetation model with multiple scenarios from 16 climate models and mapping the proportions of model runs showing forest/nonforest shifts or exceedance of natural variabili...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1559762 2023-05-15T15:11:07+02:00 A climate-change risk analysis for world ecosystems Scholze, Marko Knorr, Wolfgang Arnell, Nigel W. Prentice, I. Colin 2006-08-29 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1559762 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16924112 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0601816103 en eng National Academy of Sciences http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1559762 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16924112 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0601816103 © 2006 by The National Academy of Sciences of the USA Physical Sciences Text 2006 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0601816103 2013-08-31T06:18:04Z We quantify the risks of climate-induced changes in key ecosystem processes during the 21st century by forcing a dynamic global vegetation model with multiple scenarios from 16 climate models and mapping the proportions of model runs showing forest/nonforest shifts or exceedance of natural variability in wildfire frequency and freshwater supply. Our analysis does not assign probabilities to scenarios or weights to models. Instead, we consider distribution of outcomes within three sets of model runs grouped by the amount of global warming they simulate: <2°C (including simulations in which atmospheric composition is held constant, i.e., in which the only climate change is due to greenhouse gases already emitted), 2–3°C, and >3°C. High risk of forest loss is shown for Eurasia, eastern China, Canada, Central America, and Amazonia, with forest extensions into the Arctic and semiarid savannas; more frequent wildfire in Amazonia, the far north, and many semiarid regions; more runoff north of 50°N and in tropical Africa and northwestern South America; and less runoff in West Africa, Central America, southern Europe, and the eastern U.S. Substantially larger areas are affected for global warming >3°C than for <2°C; some features appear only at higher warming levels. A land carbon sink of ≈1 Pg of C per yr is simulated for the late 20th century, but for >3°C this sink converts to a carbon source during the 21st century (implying a positive climate feedback) in 44% of cases. The risks continue increasing over the following 200 years, even with atmospheric composition held constant. Text Arctic Climate change Global warming PubMed Central (PMC) Arctic Canada Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103 35 13116 13120 |
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English |
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Physical Sciences |
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Physical Sciences Scholze, Marko Knorr, Wolfgang Arnell, Nigel W. Prentice, I. Colin A climate-change risk analysis for world ecosystems |
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Physical Sciences |
description |
We quantify the risks of climate-induced changes in key ecosystem processes during the 21st century by forcing a dynamic global vegetation model with multiple scenarios from 16 climate models and mapping the proportions of model runs showing forest/nonforest shifts or exceedance of natural variability in wildfire frequency and freshwater supply. Our analysis does not assign probabilities to scenarios or weights to models. Instead, we consider distribution of outcomes within three sets of model runs grouped by the amount of global warming they simulate: <2°C (including simulations in which atmospheric composition is held constant, i.e., in which the only climate change is due to greenhouse gases already emitted), 2–3°C, and >3°C. High risk of forest loss is shown for Eurasia, eastern China, Canada, Central America, and Amazonia, with forest extensions into the Arctic and semiarid savannas; more frequent wildfire in Amazonia, the far north, and many semiarid regions; more runoff north of 50°N and in tropical Africa and northwestern South America; and less runoff in West Africa, Central America, southern Europe, and the eastern U.S. Substantially larger areas are affected for global warming >3°C than for <2°C; some features appear only at higher warming levels. A land carbon sink of ≈1 Pg of C per yr is simulated for the late 20th century, but for >3°C this sink converts to a carbon source during the 21st century (implying a positive climate feedback) in 44% of cases. The risks continue increasing over the following 200 years, even with atmospheric composition held constant. |
format |
Text |
author |
Scholze, Marko Knorr, Wolfgang Arnell, Nigel W. Prentice, I. Colin |
author_facet |
Scholze, Marko Knorr, Wolfgang Arnell, Nigel W. Prentice, I. Colin |
author_sort |
Scholze, Marko |
title |
A climate-change risk analysis for world ecosystems |
title_short |
A climate-change risk analysis for world ecosystems |
title_full |
A climate-change risk analysis for world ecosystems |
title_fullStr |
A climate-change risk analysis for world ecosystems |
title_full_unstemmed |
A climate-change risk analysis for world ecosystems |
title_sort |
climate-change risk analysis for world ecosystems |
publisher |
National Academy of Sciences |
publishDate |
2006 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1559762 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16924112 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0601816103 |
geographic |
Arctic Canada |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Canada |
genre |
Arctic Climate change Global warming |
genre_facet |
Arctic Climate change Global warming |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1559762 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16924112 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0601816103 |
op_rights |
© 2006 by The National Academy of Sciences of the USA |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0601816103 |
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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
container_volume |
103 |
container_issue |
35 |
container_start_page |
13116 |
op_container_end_page |
13120 |
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1766342019827892224 |