Persistence of genetic variants of the arctic fox strain of Rabies virus in southern Ontario
Genetic-variant analysis of rabies viruses provides the most sensitive epidemiologic tool for following the spread and persistence of these viruses in their wildlife hosts. Since its introduction by a southern epizootic movement that began in the far north, the arctic fox (AFX) strain of Rabies viru...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1325089 2023-05-15T14:31:08+02:00 Persistence of genetic variants of the arctic fox strain of Rabies virus in southern Ontario Nadin-Davis, Susan A. Muldoon, Frances Wandeler, Alexander I. 2006-01 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1325089 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16548327 en eng Canadian Veterinary Medical Association http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1325089 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16548327 Copyright and/or publishing rights held by the Canadian Veterinary Medical Association Articles Text 2006 ftpubmed 2013-08-30T19:06:56Z Genetic-variant analysis of rabies viruses provides the most sensitive epidemiologic tool for following the spread and persistence of these viruses in their wildlife hosts. Since its introduction by a southern epizootic movement that began in the far north, the arctic fox (AFX) strain of Rabies virus has been enzootic in Ontario for almost 50 y. Prior genetic studies identified 4 principal genetic variants (ONT.T1 to ONT.T4) that were localized to different regions of the province; furthermore, these viruses could be distinguished from the variant circulating in northern regions of Quebec, Newfoundland, and arctic zones, ARC.T5. Despite an intensive provincial control program undertaken over the last decade that involved aerial distribution of baits laden with rabies vaccine to combat fox rabies throughout the enzootic zone of Ontario, pockets of rabies activity persist. Re-evaluation of the genetic characteristics of the viral variants circulating in these areas of persistence has been undertaken. These data demonstrate that the recent outbreaks are, with 1 exception, due to persistence of the regional variant first identified in the area in the early 1990s. In contrast, the disease in the Georgian Bay area is a consequence of the incursion of a variant previously found further south. An outbreak that occurred in northern Ontario north and west of North Bay and in the neighboring border areas of Quebec in 2000–2001 was due to renewed incursion of the ARC.T5 variant from more northerly areas. Text Arctic Fox Arctic Newfoundland PubMed Central (PMC) Arctic North Bay ENVELOPE(-37.690,-37.690,-54.040,-54.040) |
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Articles Nadin-Davis, Susan A. Muldoon, Frances Wandeler, Alexander I. Persistence of genetic variants of the arctic fox strain of Rabies virus in southern Ontario |
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Genetic-variant analysis of rabies viruses provides the most sensitive epidemiologic tool for following the spread and persistence of these viruses in their wildlife hosts. Since its introduction by a southern epizootic movement that began in the far north, the arctic fox (AFX) strain of Rabies virus has been enzootic in Ontario for almost 50 y. Prior genetic studies identified 4 principal genetic variants (ONT.T1 to ONT.T4) that were localized to different regions of the province; furthermore, these viruses could be distinguished from the variant circulating in northern regions of Quebec, Newfoundland, and arctic zones, ARC.T5. Despite an intensive provincial control program undertaken over the last decade that involved aerial distribution of baits laden with rabies vaccine to combat fox rabies throughout the enzootic zone of Ontario, pockets of rabies activity persist. Re-evaluation of the genetic characteristics of the viral variants circulating in these areas of persistence has been undertaken. These data demonstrate that the recent outbreaks are, with 1 exception, due to persistence of the regional variant first identified in the area in the early 1990s. In contrast, the disease in the Georgian Bay area is a consequence of the incursion of a variant previously found further south. An outbreak that occurred in northern Ontario north and west of North Bay and in the neighboring border areas of Quebec in 2000–2001 was due to renewed incursion of the ARC.T5 variant from more northerly areas. |
format |
Text |
author |
Nadin-Davis, Susan A. Muldoon, Frances Wandeler, Alexander I. |
author_facet |
Nadin-Davis, Susan A. Muldoon, Frances Wandeler, Alexander I. |
author_sort |
Nadin-Davis, Susan A. |
title |
Persistence of genetic variants of the arctic fox strain of Rabies virus in southern Ontario |
title_short |
Persistence of genetic variants of the arctic fox strain of Rabies virus in southern Ontario |
title_full |
Persistence of genetic variants of the arctic fox strain of Rabies virus in southern Ontario |
title_fullStr |
Persistence of genetic variants of the arctic fox strain of Rabies virus in southern Ontario |
title_full_unstemmed |
Persistence of genetic variants of the arctic fox strain of Rabies virus in southern Ontario |
title_sort |
persistence of genetic variants of the arctic fox strain of rabies virus in southern ontario |
publisher |
Canadian Veterinary Medical Association |
publishDate |
2006 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1325089 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16548327 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-37.690,-37.690,-54.040,-54.040) |
geographic |
Arctic North Bay |
geographic_facet |
Arctic North Bay |
genre |
Arctic Fox Arctic Newfoundland |
genre_facet |
Arctic Fox Arctic Newfoundland |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1325089 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16548327 |
op_rights |
Copyright and/or publishing rights held by the Canadian Veterinary Medical Association |
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