mtDNA Variation among Greenland Eskimos: The Edge of theBeringian Expansion
The Eskimo-Aleut language phylum is distributed from coastal Siberia across Alaska and Canada to Greenland and is well distinguished from the neighboring Na Dene languages. Genetically, however, the distinction between Na Dene and Eskimo-Aleut speakers is less clear. In order to improve the genetic...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1287530 2023-05-15T13:14:24+02:00 mtDNA Variation among Greenland Eskimos: The Edge of theBeringian Expansion Saillard, Juliette Forster, Peter Lynnerup, Niels Bandelt, Hans-Jürgen Nørby, Søren 2000-09 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1287530 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10924403 en eng The American Society of Human Genetics http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1287530 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10924403 © 2000 by The American Society of Human Genetics. All rights reserved. Articles Text 2000 ftpubmed 2013-08-30T17:17:36Z The Eskimo-Aleut language phylum is distributed from coastal Siberia across Alaska and Canada to Greenland and is well distinguished from the neighboring Na Dene languages. Genetically, however, the distinction between Na Dene and Eskimo-Aleut speakers is less clear. In order to improve the genetic characterization of Eskimos in general and Greenlanders in particular, we have sequenced hypervariable segment I (HVS-I) of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region and typed relevant RFLP sites in the mtDNA of 82 Eskimos from Greenland. A comparison of our data with published sequences demonstrates major mtDNA types shared between Na Dene and Eskimo, indicating a common Beringian history within the Holocene. We further confirm the presence of an Eskimo-specific mtDNA subgroup characterized by nucleotide position 16265G within mtDNA group A2. This subgroup is found in all Eskimo groups analyzed so far and is estimated to have originated <3,000 years ago. A founder analysis of all Eskimo and Chukchi A2 types indicates that the Siberian and Greenland ancestral mtDNA pools separated around the time when the Neo-Eskimo culture emerged. The Greenland mtDNA types are a subset of the Alaskan mtDNA variation: they lack the groups D2 and D3 found in Siberia and Alaska and are exclusively A2 but at the same time lack the A2 root type. The data are in agreement with the view that the present Greenland Eskimos essentially descend from Alaskan Neo-Eskimos. European mtDNA types are absent in our Eskimo sample. Text aleut Chukchi eskimo* Eskimo–Aleut Greenland greenlander* Alaska Siberia PubMed Central (PMC) Canada Greenland |
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Articles Saillard, Juliette Forster, Peter Lynnerup, Niels Bandelt, Hans-Jürgen Nørby, Søren mtDNA Variation among Greenland Eskimos: The Edge of theBeringian Expansion |
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The Eskimo-Aleut language phylum is distributed from coastal Siberia across Alaska and Canada to Greenland and is well distinguished from the neighboring Na Dene languages. Genetically, however, the distinction between Na Dene and Eskimo-Aleut speakers is less clear. In order to improve the genetic characterization of Eskimos in general and Greenlanders in particular, we have sequenced hypervariable segment I (HVS-I) of the mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region and typed relevant RFLP sites in the mtDNA of 82 Eskimos from Greenland. A comparison of our data with published sequences demonstrates major mtDNA types shared between Na Dene and Eskimo, indicating a common Beringian history within the Holocene. We further confirm the presence of an Eskimo-specific mtDNA subgroup characterized by nucleotide position 16265G within mtDNA group A2. This subgroup is found in all Eskimo groups analyzed so far and is estimated to have originated <3,000 years ago. A founder analysis of all Eskimo and Chukchi A2 types indicates that the Siberian and Greenland ancestral mtDNA pools separated around the time when the Neo-Eskimo culture emerged. The Greenland mtDNA types are a subset of the Alaskan mtDNA variation: they lack the groups D2 and D3 found in Siberia and Alaska and are exclusively A2 but at the same time lack the A2 root type. The data are in agreement with the view that the present Greenland Eskimos essentially descend from Alaskan Neo-Eskimos. European mtDNA types are absent in our Eskimo sample. |
format |
Text |
author |
Saillard, Juliette Forster, Peter Lynnerup, Niels Bandelt, Hans-Jürgen Nørby, Søren |
author_facet |
Saillard, Juliette Forster, Peter Lynnerup, Niels Bandelt, Hans-Jürgen Nørby, Søren |
author_sort |
Saillard, Juliette |
title |
mtDNA Variation among Greenland Eskimos: The Edge of theBeringian Expansion |
title_short |
mtDNA Variation among Greenland Eskimos: The Edge of theBeringian Expansion |
title_full |
mtDNA Variation among Greenland Eskimos: The Edge of theBeringian Expansion |
title_fullStr |
mtDNA Variation among Greenland Eskimos: The Edge of theBeringian Expansion |
title_full_unstemmed |
mtDNA Variation among Greenland Eskimos: The Edge of theBeringian Expansion |
title_sort |
mtdna variation among greenland eskimos: the edge of theberingian expansion |
publisher |
The American Society of Human Genetics |
publishDate |
2000 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1287530 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10924403 |
geographic |
Canada Greenland |
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Canada Greenland |
genre |
aleut Chukchi eskimo* Eskimo–Aleut Greenland greenlander* Alaska Siberia |
genre_facet |
aleut Chukchi eskimo* Eskimo–Aleut Greenland greenlander* Alaska Siberia |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1287530 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10924403 |
op_rights |
© 2000 by The American Society of Human Genetics. All rights reserved. |
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