Arctic “ozone hole” in a cold volcanic stratosphere
Optical depth records indicate that volcanic aerosols from major eruptions often produce clouds that have greater surface area than typical Arctic polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs). A trajectory cloud–chemistry model is used to study how volcanic aerosols could affect springtime Arctic ozone loss pr...
Published in: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , |
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Published: |
The National Academy of Sciences
2002
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC122395 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11854461 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.052518199 |
id |
ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:122395 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:122395 2023-05-15T14:35:29+02:00 Arctic “ozone hole” in a cold volcanic stratosphere Tabazadeh, A. Drdla, K. Schoeberl, M. R. Hamill, P. Toon, O. B. 2002-03-05 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC122395 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11854461 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.052518199 en eng The National Academy of Sciences http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC122395 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11854461 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.052518199 Copyright © 2002, The National Academy of Sciences Physical Sciences Text 2002 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.052518199 2013-08-29T10:44:18Z Optical depth records indicate that volcanic aerosols from major eruptions often produce clouds that have greater surface area than typical Arctic polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs). A trajectory cloud–chemistry model is used to study how volcanic aerosols could affect springtime Arctic ozone loss processes, such as chlorine activation and denitrification, in a cold winter within the current range of natural variability. Several studies indicate that severe denitrification can increase Arctic ozone loss by up to 30%. We show large PSC particles that cause denitrification in a nonvolcanic stratosphere cannot efficiently form in a volcanic environment. However, volcanic aerosols, when present at low altitudes, where Arctic PSCs cannot form, can extend the vertical range of chemical ozone loss in the lower stratosphere. Chemical processing on volcanic aerosols over a 10-km altitude range could increase the current levels of springtime column ozone loss by up to 70% independent of denitrification. Climate models predict that the lower stratosphere is cooling as a result of greenhouse gas built-up in the troposphere. The magnitude of column ozone loss calculated here for the 1999–2000 Arctic winter, in an assumed volcanic state, is similar to that projected for a colder future nonvolcanic stratosphere in the 2010 decade. Text Arctic PubMed Central (PMC) Arctic Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 99 5 2609 2612 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
PubMed Central (PMC) |
op_collection_id |
ftpubmed |
language |
English |
topic |
Physical Sciences |
spellingShingle |
Physical Sciences Tabazadeh, A. Drdla, K. Schoeberl, M. R. Hamill, P. Toon, O. B. Arctic “ozone hole” in a cold volcanic stratosphere |
topic_facet |
Physical Sciences |
description |
Optical depth records indicate that volcanic aerosols from major eruptions often produce clouds that have greater surface area than typical Arctic polar stratospheric clouds (PSCs). A trajectory cloud–chemistry model is used to study how volcanic aerosols could affect springtime Arctic ozone loss processes, such as chlorine activation and denitrification, in a cold winter within the current range of natural variability. Several studies indicate that severe denitrification can increase Arctic ozone loss by up to 30%. We show large PSC particles that cause denitrification in a nonvolcanic stratosphere cannot efficiently form in a volcanic environment. However, volcanic aerosols, when present at low altitudes, where Arctic PSCs cannot form, can extend the vertical range of chemical ozone loss in the lower stratosphere. Chemical processing on volcanic aerosols over a 10-km altitude range could increase the current levels of springtime column ozone loss by up to 70% independent of denitrification. Climate models predict that the lower stratosphere is cooling as a result of greenhouse gas built-up in the troposphere. The magnitude of column ozone loss calculated here for the 1999–2000 Arctic winter, in an assumed volcanic state, is similar to that projected for a colder future nonvolcanic stratosphere in the 2010 decade. |
format |
Text |
author |
Tabazadeh, A. Drdla, K. Schoeberl, M. R. Hamill, P. Toon, O. B. |
author_facet |
Tabazadeh, A. Drdla, K. Schoeberl, M. R. Hamill, P. Toon, O. B. |
author_sort |
Tabazadeh, A. |
title |
Arctic “ozone hole” in a cold volcanic stratosphere |
title_short |
Arctic “ozone hole” in a cold volcanic stratosphere |
title_full |
Arctic “ozone hole” in a cold volcanic stratosphere |
title_fullStr |
Arctic “ozone hole” in a cold volcanic stratosphere |
title_full_unstemmed |
Arctic “ozone hole” in a cold volcanic stratosphere |
title_sort |
arctic “ozone hole” in a cold volcanic stratosphere |
publisher |
The National Academy of Sciences |
publishDate |
2002 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC122395 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11854461 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.052518199 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC122395 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11854461 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.052518199 |
op_rights |
Copyright © 2002, The National Academy of Sciences |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.052518199 |
container_title |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
container_volume |
99 |
container_issue |
5 |
container_start_page |
2609 |
op_container_end_page |
2612 |
_version_ |
1766308307181502464 |