Heteroplasmy of Short Tandem Repeats in Mitochondrial DNA of Atlantic Cod, Gadus Morhua
The mitochondrial DNA of the Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) contains a tandem array of 40-bp repeats in the D-loop region of the molecule. Variation among molecules in the copy number of these repeats results in mtDNA length variation and heteroplasmy (the presence of more than one form of mtDNA in an...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1205118 2023-05-15T15:27:04+02:00 Heteroplasmy of Short Tandem Repeats in Mitochondrial DNA of Atlantic Cod, Gadus Morhua Arnason, E. Rand, D. M. 1992-09 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1205118 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1356884 en eng http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1205118 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1356884 Investigations Text 1992 ftpubmed 2013-08-30T13:19:21Z The mitochondrial DNA of the Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) contains a tandem array of 40-bp repeats in the D-loop region of the molecule. Variation among molecules in the copy number of these repeats results in mtDNA length variation and heteroplasmy (the presence of more than one form of mtDNA in an individual). In a sample of fish collected from different localities around Iceland and off George's Bank, each individual was heteroplasmic for two or more mtDNAs ranging in repeat copy number from two (common) to six (rare). An earlier report on mtDNA heteroplasmy in sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) presented a competitive displacement model for length mutations in mtDNAs containing tandem arrays and the cod data deviate from this model. Depending on the nature of putative secondary structures and the location of D-loop strand termination, additional mechanisms of length mutation may be needed to explain the range of mtDNA length variants maintained in these populations. The balance between genetic drift and mutation in maintaining this length polymorphism is estimated through a hierarchical analysis of diversity of mtDNA length variation in the Iceland samples. Eighty percent of the diversity lies within individuals, 8% among individuals and 12% among localities. An estimate of θ = 2N(eo)μ > 1 indicates that this system is characterized by a high mutation rate and is governed primarily by deterministic dynamics. The sequences of repeat arrays from fish collected in Norway, Iceland and George's Bank show no nucleotide variation suggesting that there is very little substructuring to the North Atlantic cod population. Text atlantic cod Gadus morhua Iceland North Atlantic PubMed Central (PMC) Norway |
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Investigations Arnason, E. Rand, D. M. Heteroplasmy of Short Tandem Repeats in Mitochondrial DNA of Atlantic Cod, Gadus Morhua |
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Investigations |
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The mitochondrial DNA of the Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) contains a tandem array of 40-bp repeats in the D-loop region of the molecule. Variation among molecules in the copy number of these repeats results in mtDNA length variation and heteroplasmy (the presence of more than one form of mtDNA in an individual). In a sample of fish collected from different localities around Iceland and off George's Bank, each individual was heteroplasmic for two or more mtDNAs ranging in repeat copy number from two (common) to six (rare). An earlier report on mtDNA heteroplasmy in sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) presented a competitive displacement model for length mutations in mtDNAs containing tandem arrays and the cod data deviate from this model. Depending on the nature of putative secondary structures and the location of D-loop strand termination, additional mechanisms of length mutation may be needed to explain the range of mtDNA length variants maintained in these populations. The balance between genetic drift and mutation in maintaining this length polymorphism is estimated through a hierarchical analysis of diversity of mtDNA length variation in the Iceland samples. Eighty percent of the diversity lies within individuals, 8% among individuals and 12% among localities. An estimate of θ = 2N(eo)μ > 1 indicates that this system is characterized by a high mutation rate and is governed primarily by deterministic dynamics. The sequences of repeat arrays from fish collected in Norway, Iceland and George's Bank show no nucleotide variation suggesting that there is very little substructuring to the North Atlantic cod population. |
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Text |
author |
Arnason, E. Rand, D. M. |
author_facet |
Arnason, E. Rand, D. M. |
author_sort |
Arnason, E. |
title |
Heteroplasmy of Short Tandem Repeats in Mitochondrial DNA of Atlantic Cod, Gadus Morhua |
title_short |
Heteroplasmy of Short Tandem Repeats in Mitochondrial DNA of Atlantic Cod, Gadus Morhua |
title_full |
Heteroplasmy of Short Tandem Repeats in Mitochondrial DNA of Atlantic Cod, Gadus Morhua |
title_fullStr |
Heteroplasmy of Short Tandem Repeats in Mitochondrial DNA of Atlantic Cod, Gadus Morhua |
title_full_unstemmed |
Heteroplasmy of Short Tandem Repeats in Mitochondrial DNA of Atlantic Cod, Gadus Morhua |
title_sort |
heteroplasmy of short tandem repeats in mitochondrial dna of atlantic cod, gadus morhua |
publishDate |
1992 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1205118 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1356884 |
geographic |
Norway |
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Norway |
genre |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua Iceland North Atlantic |
genre_facet |
atlantic cod Gadus morhua Iceland North Atlantic |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1205118 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1356884 |
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1766357538414002176 |