Marine T4-type bacteriophages, a ubiquitous component of the dark matter of the biosphere
Tailed bacteriophages are the most abundant biological entities in marine environments. However, most of these marine phages are uncharacterized because few of their hosts have been cultivated. To learn more about such phages, we designed a set of degenerate PCR primers for phage T4 g23, which encod...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:1194919 2023-05-15T15:06:32+02:00 Marine T4-type bacteriophages, a ubiquitous component of the dark matter of the biosphere Filée, Jonathan Tétart, Françoise Suttle, Curtis A. Krisch, H. M. 2005-08-30 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1194919 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16116082 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0503404102 en eng National Academy of Sciences http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1194919 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16116082 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0503404102 Copyright © 2005, The National Academy of Sciences Biological Sciences Text 2005 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0503404102 2013-08-30T12:48:45Z Tailed bacteriophages are the most abundant biological entities in marine environments. However, most of these marine phages are uncharacterized because few of their hosts have been cultivated. To learn more about such phages, we designed a set of degenerate PCR primers for phage T4 g23, which encodes the major capsid protein in all of the T4-type phages, an important family of the tailed phage. These primers were used to amplify g23-related sequences from diverse marine environments (fjords and bays of British Columbia, the eastern Gulf of Mexico, and the western Arctic Ocean) revealing a remarkable level of molecular diversity, which in some cases was correlated with morphological variation of the virions. Phylogenetic analysis showed that although some of these sequences were closely related to well studied subgroups of the T4-type phage, such as the T-evens, the majority of them belong to five previously uncharacterized subgroups. These data indicate that the host range of T4-type phages is much broader than previously imagined and that the laboratory isolate T4 belongs to a phage family that is extraordinarily widespread and diverse in the biosphere. Text Arctic Arctic Ocean PubMed Central (PMC) Arctic Arctic Ocean Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 102 35 12471 12476 |
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English |
topic |
Biological Sciences |
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Biological Sciences Filée, Jonathan Tétart, Françoise Suttle, Curtis A. Krisch, H. M. Marine T4-type bacteriophages, a ubiquitous component of the dark matter of the biosphere |
topic_facet |
Biological Sciences |
description |
Tailed bacteriophages are the most abundant biological entities in marine environments. However, most of these marine phages are uncharacterized because few of their hosts have been cultivated. To learn more about such phages, we designed a set of degenerate PCR primers for phage T4 g23, which encodes the major capsid protein in all of the T4-type phages, an important family of the tailed phage. These primers were used to amplify g23-related sequences from diverse marine environments (fjords and bays of British Columbia, the eastern Gulf of Mexico, and the western Arctic Ocean) revealing a remarkable level of molecular diversity, which in some cases was correlated with morphological variation of the virions. Phylogenetic analysis showed that although some of these sequences were closely related to well studied subgroups of the T4-type phage, such as the T-evens, the majority of them belong to five previously uncharacterized subgroups. These data indicate that the host range of T4-type phages is much broader than previously imagined and that the laboratory isolate T4 belongs to a phage family that is extraordinarily widespread and diverse in the biosphere. |
format |
Text |
author |
Filée, Jonathan Tétart, Françoise Suttle, Curtis A. Krisch, H. M. |
author_facet |
Filée, Jonathan Tétart, Françoise Suttle, Curtis A. Krisch, H. M. |
author_sort |
Filée, Jonathan |
title |
Marine T4-type bacteriophages, a ubiquitous component of the dark matter of the biosphere |
title_short |
Marine T4-type bacteriophages, a ubiquitous component of the dark matter of the biosphere |
title_full |
Marine T4-type bacteriophages, a ubiquitous component of the dark matter of the biosphere |
title_fullStr |
Marine T4-type bacteriophages, a ubiquitous component of the dark matter of the biosphere |
title_full_unstemmed |
Marine T4-type bacteriophages, a ubiquitous component of the dark matter of the biosphere |
title_sort |
marine t4-type bacteriophages, a ubiquitous component of the dark matter of the biosphere |
publisher |
National Academy of Sciences |
publishDate |
2005 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1194919 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16116082 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0503404102 |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1194919 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16116082 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0503404102 |
op_rights |
Copyright © 2005, The National Academy of Sciences |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0503404102 |
container_title |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
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102 |
container_issue |
35 |
container_start_page |
12471 |
op_container_end_page |
12476 |
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1766338120663433216 |