Structure of a Microbial Community in Soil after Prolonged Addition of Low Levels of Simulated Acid Rain
Humus samples were collected 12 growing seasons after the start of a simulated acid rain experiment situated in the subarctic environment. The acid rain was simulated with H2SO4, a combination of H2SO4 and HNO3, and HNO3 at two levels of moderate acidic loads close to the natural anthropogenic pollu...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:106295 2023-05-15T18:28:35+02:00 Structure of a Microbial Community in Soil after Prolonged Addition of Low Levels of Simulated Acid Rain Pennanen, Taina Fritze, Hannu Vanhala, Pekka Kiikkilä, Oili Neuvonen, Seppo Bååth, Erland 1998-06 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC106295 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9603831 en eng American Society for Microbiology http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC106295 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9603831 Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology General Microbial Ecology Text 1998 ftpubmed 2013-08-29T10:03:07Z Humus samples were collected 12 growing seasons after the start of a simulated acid rain experiment situated in the subarctic environment. The acid rain was simulated with H2SO4, a combination of H2SO4 and HNO3, and HNO3 at two levels of moderate acidic loads close to the natural anthropogenic pollution levels of southern Scandinavia. The higher levels of acid applications resulted in acidification, as defined by humus chemistry. The concentrations of base cations decreased, while the concentrations of exchangeable H+, Al, and Fe increased. Humus pH decreased from 3.83 to 3.65. Basal respiration decreased with decreasing humus pH, and total microbial biomass, measured by substrate-induced respiration and total amount of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA), decreased slightly. An altered PLFA pattern indicated a change in the microbial community structure at the higher levels of acid applications. In general, branched fatty acids, typical of gram-positive bacteria, increased in the acid plots. PLFA analysis performed on the bacterial community growing on agar plates also showed that the relative amount of PLFA specific for gram-positive bacteria increased due to the acidification. The changed bacterial community was adapted to the more acidic environment in the acid-treated plots, even though bacterial growth rates, estimated by thymidine and leucine incorporation, decreased with pH. Fungal activity (measured as acetate incorporation into ergosterol) was not affected. This result indicates that bacteria were more affected than fungi by the acidification. The capacity of the bacterial community to utilize 95 different carbon sources was variable and only showed weak correlations to pH. Differences in the toxicities of H2SO4 and HNO3 for the microbial community were not found. Text Subarctic PubMed Central (PMC) |
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English |
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General Microbial Ecology |
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General Microbial Ecology Pennanen, Taina Fritze, Hannu Vanhala, Pekka Kiikkilä, Oili Neuvonen, Seppo Bååth, Erland Structure of a Microbial Community in Soil after Prolonged Addition of Low Levels of Simulated Acid Rain |
topic_facet |
General Microbial Ecology |
description |
Humus samples were collected 12 growing seasons after the start of a simulated acid rain experiment situated in the subarctic environment. The acid rain was simulated with H2SO4, a combination of H2SO4 and HNO3, and HNO3 at two levels of moderate acidic loads close to the natural anthropogenic pollution levels of southern Scandinavia. The higher levels of acid applications resulted in acidification, as defined by humus chemistry. The concentrations of base cations decreased, while the concentrations of exchangeable H+, Al, and Fe increased. Humus pH decreased from 3.83 to 3.65. Basal respiration decreased with decreasing humus pH, and total microbial biomass, measured by substrate-induced respiration and total amount of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFA), decreased slightly. An altered PLFA pattern indicated a change in the microbial community structure at the higher levels of acid applications. In general, branched fatty acids, typical of gram-positive bacteria, increased in the acid plots. PLFA analysis performed on the bacterial community growing on agar plates also showed that the relative amount of PLFA specific for gram-positive bacteria increased due to the acidification. The changed bacterial community was adapted to the more acidic environment in the acid-treated plots, even though bacterial growth rates, estimated by thymidine and leucine incorporation, decreased with pH. Fungal activity (measured as acetate incorporation into ergosterol) was not affected. This result indicates that bacteria were more affected than fungi by the acidification. The capacity of the bacterial community to utilize 95 different carbon sources was variable and only showed weak correlations to pH. Differences in the toxicities of H2SO4 and HNO3 for the microbial community were not found. |
format |
Text |
author |
Pennanen, Taina Fritze, Hannu Vanhala, Pekka Kiikkilä, Oili Neuvonen, Seppo Bååth, Erland |
author_facet |
Pennanen, Taina Fritze, Hannu Vanhala, Pekka Kiikkilä, Oili Neuvonen, Seppo Bååth, Erland |
author_sort |
Pennanen, Taina |
title |
Structure of a Microbial Community in Soil after Prolonged Addition of Low Levels of Simulated Acid Rain |
title_short |
Structure of a Microbial Community in Soil after Prolonged Addition of Low Levels of Simulated Acid Rain |
title_full |
Structure of a Microbial Community in Soil after Prolonged Addition of Low Levels of Simulated Acid Rain |
title_fullStr |
Structure of a Microbial Community in Soil after Prolonged Addition of Low Levels of Simulated Acid Rain |
title_full_unstemmed |
Structure of a Microbial Community in Soil after Prolonged Addition of Low Levels of Simulated Acid Rain |
title_sort |
structure of a microbial community in soil after prolonged addition of low levels of simulated acid rain |
publisher |
American Society for Microbiology |
publishDate |
1998 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC106295 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9603831 |
genre |
Subarctic |
genre_facet |
Subarctic |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC106295 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9603831 |
op_rights |
Copyright © 1998, American Society for Microbiology |
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1766211118314815488 |