Microevolutionary patterns in ecotypes of the symbiotic cyanobacterium UCYN-A revealed from a Northwest Atlantic coastal time series

• Published in: Science Advances
• Main Authors: Robicheau, Brent M., Tolman, Jennifer, Desai, Dhwani, LaRoche, Julie
• Format: Text
• Language: English
• Published: American Association for the Advancement of Science 2023
• Subjects: Earth; Environmental; Ecological; and Space Sciences; Northwest Atlantic
• Online Access: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10541017/; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37774025; https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.adh9768

UCYN-A is a globally important nitrogen-fixing symbiotic microbe often found in colder regions and coastal areas where nitrogen fixation has been overlooked. We present a 3-year coastal Northwest Atlantic time series of UCYN-A by integrating oceanographic data with weekly nifH and16S rRNA gene sequencing and quantitative PCR assays for UCYN-A ecotypes. High UCYN-A relative abundances dominated by A1 to A4 ecotypes reoccurred annually in the coastal Northwest Atlantic. Although UCYN-A was detected every summer/fall, the ability to observe separate ecotypes may be highly dependent on sampling time given intense interannual and weekly variability of ecotype-specific occurrences. Additionally, much of UCYN-A’s rarer diversity was populated by short-lived neutral mutational variants, therefore providing insight into UCYN-A’s microevolutionary patterns. For instance, rare ASVs exhibited community composition restructuring annually, while also sharing a common connection to a dominant ASV within each ecotype. Our study provides additional perspectives for interpreting UCYN-A intraspecific diversity and underscores the need for high-resolution datasets when deciphering spatiotemporal ecologies within UCYN-A.