Immune Priming of Pacific Oysters (Crassostrea gigas) to Induce Resistance to Ostreid herpesvirus 1: Comparison of Infectious and Inactivated OsHV-1 with Poly I:C
Pacific oyster mortality syndrome (POMS), which is caused by Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1), causes economic losses in Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) aquaculture in many countries. Reducing the mortality in disease outbreaks requires changing the host, pathogen and environment interactions to fa...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10536431 2023-10-29T02:35:48+01:00 Immune Priming of Pacific Oysters (Crassostrea gigas) to Induce Resistance to Ostreid herpesvirus 1: Comparison of Infectious and Inactivated OsHV-1 with Poly I:C de Kantzow, Maximilian Hick, Paul M. Whittington, Richard J. 2023-09-17 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10536431/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37766349 https://doi.org/10.3390/v15091943 en eng MDPI http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10536431/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37766349 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15091943 © 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Viruses Article Text 2023 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.3390/v15091943 2023-10-01T01:23:06Z Pacific oyster mortality syndrome (POMS), which is caused by Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1), causes economic losses in Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) aquaculture in many countries. Reducing the mortality in disease outbreaks requires changing the host, pathogen and environment interactions to favor the host. Survivors of natural exposure to OsHV-1 are able to survive subsequent outbreaks. This has been replicated under laboratory conditions, suggesting the existence of an immune response. The aim of the present study is to compare the effects of prior exposure to infectious OsHV-1, heat-inactivated OsHV-1 and the chemical anti-viral immune stimulant poly I:C on mortality following exposure to virulent OsHV-1. All treatments were administered by intramuscular injection. Oysters were maintained at 18 °C for 14 days; then, the temperature was increased to 22 °C and the oysters were challenged with virulent OsHV-1. Heat-inactivated OsHV-1, infectious OsHV-1 and poly I:C all induced significant protection against mortality, with the hazard of death being 0.41, 0.18 and 0.02, respectively, compared to the controls, which had no immune priming. The replication of OsHV-1 on first exposure was not required to induce a protective response. While the underlying mechanisms for protection remain to be elucidated, conditioning for resistance to POMS by prior exposure to inactivated or infectious OsHV-1 may have practical applications in oyster farming but requires further development to optimize the dose and delivery mechanism and evaluate the duration of protection. Text Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster PubMed Central (PMC) Viruses 15 9 1943 |
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Article de Kantzow, Maximilian Hick, Paul M. Whittington, Richard J. Immune Priming of Pacific Oysters (Crassostrea gigas) to Induce Resistance to Ostreid herpesvirus 1: Comparison of Infectious and Inactivated OsHV-1 with Poly I:C |
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Pacific oyster mortality syndrome (POMS), which is caused by Ostreid herpesvirus 1 (OsHV-1), causes economic losses in Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas) aquaculture in many countries. Reducing the mortality in disease outbreaks requires changing the host, pathogen and environment interactions to favor the host. Survivors of natural exposure to OsHV-1 are able to survive subsequent outbreaks. This has been replicated under laboratory conditions, suggesting the existence of an immune response. The aim of the present study is to compare the effects of prior exposure to infectious OsHV-1, heat-inactivated OsHV-1 and the chemical anti-viral immune stimulant poly I:C on mortality following exposure to virulent OsHV-1. All treatments were administered by intramuscular injection. Oysters were maintained at 18 °C for 14 days; then, the temperature was increased to 22 °C and the oysters were challenged with virulent OsHV-1. Heat-inactivated OsHV-1, infectious OsHV-1 and poly I:C all induced significant protection against mortality, with the hazard of death being 0.41, 0.18 and 0.02, respectively, compared to the controls, which had no immune priming. The replication of OsHV-1 on first exposure was not required to induce a protective response. While the underlying mechanisms for protection remain to be elucidated, conditioning for resistance to POMS by prior exposure to inactivated or infectious OsHV-1 may have practical applications in oyster farming but requires further development to optimize the dose and delivery mechanism and evaluate the duration of protection. |
format |
Text |
author |
de Kantzow, Maximilian Hick, Paul M. Whittington, Richard J. |
author_facet |
de Kantzow, Maximilian Hick, Paul M. Whittington, Richard J. |
author_sort |
de Kantzow, Maximilian |
title |
Immune Priming of Pacific Oysters (Crassostrea gigas) to Induce Resistance to Ostreid herpesvirus 1: Comparison of Infectious and Inactivated OsHV-1 with Poly I:C |
title_short |
Immune Priming of Pacific Oysters (Crassostrea gigas) to Induce Resistance to Ostreid herpesvirus 1: Comparison of Infectious and Inactivated OsHV-1 with Poly I:C |
title_full |
Immune Priming of Pacific Oysters (Crassostrea gigas) to Induce Resistance to Ostreid herpesvirus 1: Comparison of Infectious and Inactivated OsHV-1 with Poly I:C |
title_fullStr |
Immune Priming of Pacific Oysters (Crassostrea gigas) to Induce Resistance to Ostreid herpesvirus 1: Comparison of Infectious and Inactivated OsHV-1 with Poly I:C |
title_full_unstemmed |
Immune Priming of Pacific Oysters (Crassostrea gigas) to Induce Resistance to Ostreid herpesvirus 1: Comparison of Infectious and Inactivated OsHV-1 with Poly I:C |
title_sort |
immune priming of pacific oysters (crassostrea gigas) to induce resistance to ostreid herpesvirus 1: comparison of infectious and inactivated oshv-1 with poly i:c |
publisher |
MDPI |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10536431/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37766349 https://doi.org/10.3390/v15091943 |
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Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster |
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Crassostrea gigas Pacific oyster |
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Viruses |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10536431/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37766349 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v15091943 |
op_rights |
© 2023 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/v15091943 |
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Viruses |
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1943 |
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