Avian wings can lengthen rather than shorten in response to increased migratory predation danger
Increasing predation danger can select for safety‐enhancing modifications to prey morphology. Here, we document the multi‐decade wing lengthening of a Pacific flyway migrant, the western sandpiper (Calidris mauri), and contrast this with contemporaneous wing shortening of the closely related semipal...
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Online Access: | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10363853/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37492461 https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.10325 |
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10363853 2023-08-20T04:06:22+02:00 Avian wings can lengthen rather than shorten in response to increased migratory predation danger Ydenberg, Ronald C. Fernández, Guillermo Ortiz Lopez, Enver Lank, David B. 2023-07-22 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10363853/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37492461 https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.10325 en eng John Wiley and Sons Inc. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10363853/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37492461 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.10325 © 2023 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Ecol Evol Research Articles Text 2023 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.10325 2023-07-30T00:49:00Z Increasing predation danger can select for safety‐enhancing modifications to prey morphology. Here, we document the multi‐decade wing lengthening of a Pacific flyway migrant, the western sandpiper (Calidris mauri), and contrast this with contemporaneous wing shortening of the closely related semipalmated sandpiper (C. pusilla) on the Atlantic flyway. We measured >12,000 southbound western sandpipers captured from 1978 to 2020 at a major stopover site in British Columbia. Wing length increased at 0.074 mm year(−1) (SE = 0.017; p < .0003) for adults, and 0.087 mm year(−1) (SE = 0.029; p < .007) for juveniles. These rates are of similarly large magnitude (4%–5% overall), but opposite in direction, to the rate we previously reported for semipalmated sandpiper adults (−0.103 mm year(−1)). In both species, the change is specific to wings rather than being part of a general body size change. We interpret both trends as responses to the ongoing strong increase of peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) populations since the mid‐1970s, an important predator encountered by these species in contrasting ways during migration. Western sandpipers and peregrine migrations have temporal and spatial overlap. Longer wings enhance migratory speed and efficiency, enabling western sandpipers to decrease overlap by advancing to safer zones ahead of falcon passage. In contrast, semipalmated sandpipers primarily encounter peregrines as residents at migratory staging sites. Shorter wings improve acceleration and agility, helping migrants to escape attacks. Juvenile western sandpiper wing length also shows a component additive to the lengthening trend, shifting between years at 0.055 mm day(−1) with the highly variable snowmelt date, with wings shorter following early springs. On the Pacific flyway, the timing of peregrine southward passage advances with snowmelt, increasing the relative exposure of juveniles to post‐migratory resident peregrines. We interpret this annual wing length adjustment as an induced defense, made possible ... Text Falco peregrinus peregrine falcon PubMed Central (PMC) Pacific Ecology and Evolution 13 7 |
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Research Articles |
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Research Articles Ydenberg, Ronald C. Fernández, Guillermo Ortiz Lopez, Enver Lank, David B. Avian wings can lengthen rather than shorten in response to increased migratory predation danger |
topic_facet |
Research Articles |
description |
Increasing predation danger can select for safety‐enhancing modifications to prey morphology. Here, we document the multi‐decade wing lengthening of a Pacific flyway migrant, the western sandpiper (Calidris mauri), and contrast this with contemporaneous wing shortening of the closely related semipalmated sandpiper (C. pusilla) on the Atlantic flyway. We measured >12,000 southbound western sandpipers captured from 1978 to 2020 at a major stopover site in British Columbia. Wing length increased at 0.074 mm year(−1) (SE = 0.017; p < .0003) for adults, and 0.087 mm year(−1) (SE = 0.029; p < .007) for juveniles. These rates are of similarly large magnitude (4%–5% overall), but opposite in direction, to the rate we previously reported for semipalmated sandpiper adults (−0.103 mm year(−1)). In both species, the change is specific to wings rather than being part of a general body size change. We interpret both trends as responses to the ongoing strong increase of peregrine falcon (Falco peregrinus) populations since the mid‐1970s, an important predator encountered by these species in contrasting ways during migration. Western sandpipers and peregrine migrations have temporal and spatial overlap. Longer wings enhance migratory speed and efficiency, enabling western sandpipers to decrease overlap by advancing to safer zones ahead of falcon passage. In contrast, semipalmated sandpipers primarily encounter peregrines as residents at migratory staging sites. Shorter wings improve acceleration and agility, helping migrants to escape attacks. Juvenile western sandpiper wing length also shows a component additive to the lengthening trend, shifting between years at 0.055 mm day(−1) with the highly variable snowmelt date, with wings shorter following early springs. On the Pacific flyway, the timing of peregrine southward passage advances with snowmelt, increasing the relative exposure of juveniles to post‐migratory resident peregrines. We interpret this annual wing length adjustment as an induced defense, made possible ... |
format |
Text |
author |
Ydenberg, Ronald C. Fernández, Guillermo Ortiz Lopez, Enver Lank, David B. |
author_facet |
Ydenberg, Ronald C. Fernández, Guillermo Ortiz Lopez, Enver Lank, David B. |
author_sort |
Ydenberg, Ronald C. |
title |
Avian wings can lengthen rather than shorten in response to increased migratory predation danger |
title_short |
Avian wings can lengthen rather than shorten in response to increased migratory predation danger |
title_full |
Avian wings can lengthen rather than shorten in response to increased migratory predation danger |
title_fullStr |
Avian wings can lengthen rather than shorten in response to increased migratory predation danger |
title_full_unstemmed |
Avian wings can lengthen rather than shorten in response to increased migratory predation danger |
title_sort |
avian wings can lengthen rather than shorten in response to increased migratory predation danger |
publisher |
John Wiley and Sons Inc. |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10363853/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37492461 https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.10325 |
geographic |
Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Pacific |
genre |
Falco peregrinus peregrine falcon |
genre_facet |
Falco peregrinus peregrine falcon |
op_source |
Ecol Evol |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10363853/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37492461 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ece3.10325 |
op_rights |
© 2023 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.10325 |
container_title |
Ecology and Evolution |
container_volume |
13 |
container_issue |
7 |
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1774717388771557376 |