Novel methods of immunogenic antigen selection for serological diagnosis of Parelaphostrongylus tenuis infection

• Published in: Scientific Reports
• Main Authors: Richards, Jessie, Kania, Stephen, Wilson, Abigail, Kent, Emily, Gerhold, Richard
• Format: Text
• Language: English
• Published: Nature Publishing Group UK 2023
• Subjects: Article; Alces alces
• Online Access: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10329008/; http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37419916; https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-37481-7

This paper outlines methods used to identify novel antigens for use in the development of serological assays. Specifically, we applied these methods to a neurogenic parasitic nematode of cervids called Parelaphostrongylus tenuis. This parasite is of particular concern in both wild and domestic ungulates as it causes significant neurological signs and definitive diagnosis is only possible post-mortem, necessitating the development of serologic assays for antemortem diagnosis. Proteins extracted from P. tenuis organisms were affinity isolated using antibodies enriched from seropositive moose (Alces alces). The proteins were analyzed using mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography to obtain amino acid sequences that were then cross-referenced to open reading frames predicted from an assembled transcriptome. An antigen of interest was assessed for immunogenic epitopes and subsequently synthesized into 10-mer synthetic overlapping peptides representing these regions. These synthetic peptides were then assessed for reactivity against positive and negative moose sera and demonstrated potential use as a serological assay in diagnostic laboratories. Known negative moose sera revealed significantly lower optical density when compared to the positive samples (p < 0.05). This method serves as a pipeline for the construction of diagnostic assays of pathogens in both human and veterinary medicine.