Glacial changes in sea level modulated millennial-scale variability of Southeast Asian autumn monsoon rainfall
Most paleoclimate studies of Mainland Southeast Asia hydroclimate focus on the summer monsoon, with few studies investigating rainfall in other seasons. Here, we present a multiproxy stalagmite record (45,000 to 4,000 years) from central Vietnam, a region that receives most of its annual rainfall in...
Published in: | Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
---|---|
Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
Format: | Text |
Language: | English |
Published: |
National Academy of Sciences
2023
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10319016/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37364110 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2219489120 |
id |
ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10319016 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10319016 2023-07-30T04:03:08+02:00 Glacial changes in sea level modulated millennial-scale variability of Southeast Asian autumn monsoon rainfall Patterson, Elizabeth W. Johnson, Kathleen R. Griffiths, Michael L. Kinsley, Christopher W. McGee, David Du, Xiaojing Pico, Tamara Wolf, Annabel Ersek, Vasile Mortlock, Richard A. Yamoah, Kweku A. Bùi, Thành N. Trần, Mùi X. Đỗ-Trọng, Quốc Võ, Trí V. Đinh, Trí H. 2023-06-26 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10319016/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37364110 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2219489120 en eng National Academy of Sciences http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10319016/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37364110 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2219489120 Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A Physical Sciences Text 2023 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2219489120 2023-07-09T01:03:06Z Most paleoclimate studies of Mainland Southeast Asia hydroclimate focus on the summer monsoon, with few studies investigating rainfall in other seasons. Here, we present a multiproxy stalagmite record (45,000 to 4,000 years) from central Vietnam, a region that receives most of its annual rainfall in autumn (September-November). We find evidence of a prolonged dry period spanning the last glacial maximum that is punctuated by an abrupt shift to wetter conditions during the deglaciation at ~14 ka. Paired with climate model simulations, we show that sea-level change drives autumn monsoon rainfall variability on glacial-orbital timescales. Consistent with the dry signal in the stalagmite record, climate model simulations reveal that lower glacial sea level exposes land in the Gulf of Tonkin and along the South China Shelf, reducing convection and moisture delivery to central Vietnam. When sea level rises and these landmasses flood at ~14 ka, moisture delivery to central Vietnam increases, causing an abrupt shift from dry to wet conditions. On millennial timescales, we find signatures of well-known Heinrich Stadials (HS) (dry conditions) and Dansgaard–Oeschger Events (wet conditions). Model simulations show that during the dry HS, changes in sea surface temperature related to meltwater forcing cause the formation of an anomalous anticyclone in the Western Pacific, which advects dry air across central Vietnam, decreasing autumn rainfall. Notably, sea level modulates the magnitude of millennial-scale dry and wet phases by muting dry events and enhancing wet events during periods of low sea level, highlighting the importance of this mechanism to autumn monsoon variability. Text Dansgaard-Oeschger events PubMed Central (PMC) Pacific Tonkin ENVELOPE(-65.042,-65.042,-67.825,-67.825) Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 120 27 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
PubMed Central (PMC) |
op_collection_id |
ftpubmed |
language |
English |
topic |
Physical Sciences |
spellingShingle |
Physical Sciences Patterson, Elizabeth W. Johnson, Kathleen R. Griffiths, Michael L. Kinsley, Christopher W. McGee, David Du, Xiaojing Pico, Tamara Wolf, Annabel Ersek, Vasile Mortlock, Richard A. Yamoah, Kweku A. Bùi, Thành N. Trần, Mùi X. Đỗ-Trọng, Quốc Võ, Trí V. Đinh, Trí H. Glacial changes in sea level modulated millennial-scale variability of Southeast Asian autumn monsoon rainfall |
topic_facet |
Physical Sciences |
description |
Most paleoclimate studies of Mainland Southeast Asia hydroclimate focus on the summer monsoon, with few studies investigating rainfall in other seasons. Here, we present a multiproxy stalagmite record (45,000 to 4,000 years) from central Vietnam, a region that receives most of its annual rainfall in autumn (September-November). We find evidence of a prolonged dry period spanning the last glacial maximum that is punctuated by an abrupt shift to wetter conditions during the deglaciation at ~14 ka. Paired with climate model simulations, we show that sea-level change drives autumn monsoon rainfall variability on glacial-orbital timescales. Consistent with the dry signal in the stalagmite record, climate model simulations reveal that lower glacial sea level exposes land in the Gulf of Tonkin and along the South China Shelf, reducing convection and moisture delivery to central Vietnam. When sea level rises and these landmasses flood at ~14 ka, moisture delivery to central Vietnam increases, causing an abrupt shift from dry to wet conditions. On millennial timescales, we find signatures of well-known Heinrich Stadials (HS) (dry conditions) and Dansgaard–Oeschger Events (wet conditions). Model simulations show that during the dry HS, changes in sea surface temperature related to meltwater forcing cause the formation of an anomalous anticyclone in the Western Pacific, which advects dry air across central Vietnam, decreasing autumn rainfall. Notably, sea level modulates the magnitude of millennial-scale dry and wet phases by muting dry events and enhancing wet events during periods of low sea level, highlighting the importance of this mechanism to autumn monsoon variability. |
format |
Text |
author |
Patterson, Elizabeth W. Johnson, Kathleen R. Griffiths, Michael L. Kinsley, Christopher W. McGee, David Du, Xiaojing Pico, Tamara Wolf, Annabel Ersek, Vasile Mortlock, Richard A. Yamoah, Kweku A. Bùi, Thành N. Trần, Mùi X. Đỗ-Trọng, Quốc Võ, Trí V. Đinh, Trí H. |
author_facet |
Patterson, Elizabeth W. Johnson, Kathleen R. Griffiths, Michael L. Kinsley, Christopher W. McGee, David Du, Xiaojing Pico, Tamara Wolf, Annabel Ersek, Vasile Mortlock, Richard A. Yamoah, Kweku A. Bùi, Thành N. Trần, Mùi X. Đỗ-Trọng, Quốc Võ, Trí V. Đinh, Trí H. |
author_sort |
Patterson, Elizabeth W. |
title |
Glacial changes in sea level modulated millennial-scale variability of Southeast Asian autumn monsoon rainfall |
title_short |
Glacial changes in sea level modulated millennial-scale variability of Southeast Asian autumn monsoon rainfall |
title_full |
Glacial changes in sea level modulated millennial-scale variability of Southeast Asian autumn monsoon rainfall |
title_fullStr |
Glacial changes in sea level modulated millennial-scale variability of Southeast Asian autumn monsoon rainfall |
title_full_unstemmed |
Glacial changes in sea level modulated millennial-scale variability of Southeast Asian autumn monsoon rainfall |
title_sort |
glacial changes in sea level modulated millennial-scale variability of southeast asian autumn monsoon rainfall |
publisher |
National Academy of Sciences |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10319016/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37364110 https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2219489120 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-65.042,-65.042,-67.825,-67.825) |
geographic |
Pacific Tonkin |
geographic_facet |
Pacific Tonkin |
genre |
Dansgaard-Oeschger events |
genre_facet |
Dansgaard-Oeschger events |
op_source |
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10319016/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37364110 http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2219489120 |
op_rights |
Copyright © 2023 the Author(s). Published by PNAS. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This open access article is distributed under Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CC BY) (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2219489120 |
container_title |
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences |
container_volume |
120 |
container_issue |
27 |
_version_ |
1772814086275334144 |