Hydrodynamics of the fast-start caridoid escape response in Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba
Krill are shrimp-like crustaceans with a high degree of mobility and variety of documented swimming behaviors. The caridoid escape response, a fast-start mechanism unique to crustaceans, occurs when the animal performs a series of rapid abdominal flexions and tail flipping that results in powerful b...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10068603 2023-05-15T14:13:52+02:00 Hydrodynamics of the fast-start caridoid escape response in Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba Connor, A. A. Webster, D. R. 2023-04-02 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10068603/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37009788 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-31676-8 en eng Nature Publishing Group UK http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10068603/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37009788 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-31676-8 © The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . Sci Rep Article Text 2023 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-31676-8 2023-04-09T00:46:19Z Krill are shrimp-like crustaceans with a high degree of mobility and variety of documented swimming behaviors. The caridoid escape response, a fast-start mechanism unique to crustaceans, occurs when the animal performs a series of rapid abdominal flexions and tail flipping that results in powerful backward strokes. The current results quantify the animal kinematics and three-dimensional flow field around a free-swimming Euphausia superba as it performs the caridoid escape maneuver. The specimen performs a single abdominal flexion-tail flip combination that leads to an acceleration over a 42 ms interval allowing it to reach a maximum speed of 57.0 cm/s (17.3 body lengths/s). The krill’s tail flipping during the abdominal closure is a significant contributor to the thrust generation during the maneuver. The krill sheds a complex chain of vortex rings in its wake due to the viscous flow effects while the organism accelerates. The vortex ring structure reveals a strong suction flow in the wake, which suggests that the pressure distribution and form drag play a role in the force balance for this maneuver. Antarctic krill typically swim in a low to intermediate Reynolds number (Re) regime where viscous forces are significant, but as shown by this analysis, its high maneuverability allows it to quickly change its body angle and swimming speed. Text Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Euphausia superba PubMed Central (PMC) Antarctic Scientific Reports 13 1 |
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Article Connor, A. A. Webster, D. R. Hydrodynamics of the fast-start caridoid escape response in Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba |
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description |
Krill are shrimp-like crustaceans with a high degree of mobility and variety of documented swimming behaviors. The caridoid escape response, a fast-start mechanism unique to crustaceans, occurs when the animal performs a series of rapid abdominal flexions and tail flipping that results in powerful backward strokes. The current results quantify the animal kinematics and three-dimensional flow field around a free-swimming Euphausia superba as it performs the caridoid escape maneuver. The specimen performs a single abdominal flexion-tail flip combination that leads to an acceleration over a 42 ms interval allowing it to reach a maximum speed of 57.0 cm/s (17.3 body lengths/s). The krill’s tail flipping during the abdominal closure is a significant contributor to the thrust generation during the maneuver. The krill sheds a complex chain of vortex rings in its wake due to the viscous flow effects while the organism accelerates. The vortex ring structure reveals a strong suction flow in the wake, which suggests that the pressure distribution and form drag play a role in the force balance for this maneuver. Antarctic krill typically swim in a low to intermediate Reynolds number (Re) regime where viscous forces are significant, but as shown by this analysis, its high maneuverability allows it to quickly change its body angle and swimming speed. |
format |
Text |
author |
Connor, A. A. Webster, D. R. |
author_facet |
Connor, A. A. Webster, D. R. |
author_sort |
Connor, A. A. |
title |
Hydrodynamics of the fast-start caridoid escape response in Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba |
title_short |
Hydrodynamics of the fast-start caridoid escape response in Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba |
title_full |
Hydrodynamics of the fast-start caridoid escape response in Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba |
title_fullStr |
Hydrodynamics of the fast-start caridoid escape response in Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba |
title_full_unstemmed |
Hydrodynamics of the fast-start caridoid escape response in Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba |
title_sort |
hydrodynamics of the fast-start caridoid escape response in antarctic krill, euphausia superba |
publisher |
Nature Publishing Group UK |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10068603/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37009788 https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-31676-8 |
geographic |
Antarctic |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Euphausia superba |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctic Krill Euphausia superba |
op_source |
Sci Rep |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10068603/ http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/37009788 http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-31676-8 |
op_rights |
© The Author(s) 2023 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-023-31676-8 |
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Scientific Reports |
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