External and Internal Microbiomes of Antarctic Nematodes are Distinct, but More Similar to each other than the Surrounding Environment
Host-associated microbiomes have primarily been examined in the context of their internal microbial communities, but many animal species also contain microorganisms on external host surfaces that are important to host physiology. For nematodes, single strains of bacteria are known to adhere to the c...
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ftpubmed:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:10035304 2023-05-15T14:08:47+02:00 External and Internal Microbiomes of Antarctic Nematodes are Distinct, but More Similar to each other than the Surrounding Environment Parr McQueen, J. Gattoni, K. Gendron, E.M.S. Schmidt, S.K. Sommers, P. Porazinska, D. L. 2023-03-09 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10035304/ https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2023-0004 en eng Sciendo http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10035304/ http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2023-0004 © 2023 McQueen et al., published by Sciendo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. J Nematol Research Paper Text 2023 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2023-0004 2023-03-26T02:20:00Z Host-associated microbiomes have primarily been examined in the context of their internal microbial communities, but many animal species also contain microorganisms on external host surfaces that are important to host physiology. For nematodes, single strains of bacteria are known to adhere to the cuticle (e.g., Pasteuria penetrans), but the structure of a full external microbial community is uncertain. In prior research, we showed that internal gut microbiomes of nematodes (Plectus murrayi, Eudorylaimus antarcticus) and tardigrades from Antarctica’s McMurdo Dry Valleys were distinct from the surrounding environment and primarily driven by host identity. Building on this work, we extracted an additional set of individuals containing intact external microbiomes and amplified them for 16S and 18S rRNA metabarcoding. Our results showed that external bacterial microbiomes were more diverse than internal microbiomes, but less diverse than the surrounding environment. Host-specific bacterial compositional patterns were observed, and external microbiomes were most similar to their respective internal microbiomes. However, external microbiomes were more influenced by the environment than the internal microbiomes were. Non-host eukaryotic communities were similar in diversity to internal eukaryotic communities, but exhibited more stochastic patterns of assembly compared to bacterial communities, suggesting the lack of a structured external eukaryotic microbiome. Altogether, we provide evidence that nematode and tardigrade cuticles are inhabited by robust bacterial communities that are substantially influenced by the host, albeit less so than internal microbiomes are. Text Antarc* Antarctic antarcticus Eudorylaimus antarcticus McMurdo Dry Valleys Tardigrade PubMed Central (PMC) Antarctic McMurdo Dry Valleys Journal of Nematology 55 1 1 28 |
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Research Paper |
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Research Paper Parr McQueen, J. Gattoni, K. Gendron, E.M.S. Schmidt, S.K. Sommers, P. Porazinska, D. L. External and Internal Microbiomes of Antarctic Nematodes are Distinct, but More Similar to each other than the Surrounding Environment |
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Research Paper |
description |
Host-associated microbiomes have primarily been examined in the context of their internal microbial communities, but many animal species also contain microorganisms on external host surfaces that are important to host physiology. For nematodes, single strains of bacteria are known to adhere to the cuticle (e.g., Pasteuria penetrans), but the structure of a full external microbial community is uncertain. In prior research, we showed that internal gut microbiomes of nematodes (Plectus murrayi, Eudorylaimus antarcticus) and tardigrades from Antarctica’s McMurdo Dry Valleys were distinct from the surrounding environment and primarily driven by host identity. Building on this work, we extracted an additional set of individuals containing intact external microbiomes and amplified them for 16S and 18S rRNA metabarcoding. Our results showed that external bacterial microbiomes were more diverse than internal microbiomes, but less diverse than the surrounding environment. Host-specific bacterial compositional patterns were observed, and external microbiomes were most similar to their respective internal microbiomes. However, external microbiomes were more influenced by the environment than the internal microbiomes were. Non-host eukaryotic communities were similar in diversity to internal eukaryotic communities, but exhibited more stochastic patterns of assembly compared to bacterial communities, suggesting the lack of a structured external eukaryotic microbiome. Altogether, we provide evidence that nematode and tardigrade cuticles are inhabited by robust bacterial communities that are substantially influenced by the host, albeit less so than internal microbiomes are. |
format |
Text |
author |
Parr McQueen, J. Gattoni, K. Gendron, E.M.S. Schmidt, S.K. Sommers, P. Porazinska, D. L. |
author_facet |
Parr McQueen, J. Gattoni, K. Gendron, E.M.S. Schmidt, S.K. Sommers, P. Porazinska, D. L. |
author_sort |
Parr McQueen, J. |
title |
External and Internal Microbiomes of Antarctic Nematodes are Distinct, but More Similar to each other than the Surrounding Environment |
title_short |
External and Internal Microbiomes of Antarctic Nematodes are Distinct, but More Similar to each other than the Surrounding Environment |
title_full |
External and Internal Microbiomes of Antarctic Nematodes are Distinct, but More Similar to each other than the Surrounding Environment |
title_fullStr |
External and Internal Microbiomes of Antarctic Nematodes are Distinct, but More Similar to each other than the Surrounding Environment |
title_full_unstemmed |
External and Internal Microbiomes of Antarctic Nematodes are Distinct, but More Similar to each other than the Surrounding Environment |
title_sort |
external and internal microbiomes of antarctic nematodes are distinct, but more similar to each other than the surrounding environment |
publisher |
Sciendo |
publishDate |
2023 |
url |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10035304/ https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2023-0004 |
geographic |
Antarctic McMurdo Dry Valleys |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic McMurdo Dry Valleys |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic antarcticus Eudorylaimus antarcticus McMurdo Dry Valleys Tardigrade |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic antarcticus Eudorylaimus antarcticus McMurdo Dry Valleys Tardigrade |
op_source |
J Nematol |
op_relation |
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10035304/ http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2023-0004 |
op_rights |
© 2023 McQueen et al., published by Sciendo https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.2478/jofnem-2023-0004 |
container_title |
Journal of Nematology |
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55 |
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1 |
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1 |
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28 |
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1766280822316335104 |