Characterization of the impact of dietary immunostimulant CpG on the expression of mRNA biomarkers involved in the immune responses in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar).
Infectious diseases have significantly impacted Atlantic salmon aquaculture worldwide. Modulating fish immunity with immunostimulant-containing functional feeds could be an effective strategy in mitigating disease problems. Previously, we characterized the impact of polyriboinosinic polyribocytidyli...
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ftpubmed:39153579 2024-09-15T17:55:55+00:00 Characterization of the impact of dietary immunostimulant CpG on the expression of mRNA biomarkers involved in the immune responses in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Xue, Xi Eslamloo, Khalil Caballero-Solares, Albert Katan, Tomer Umasuthan, Navaneethaiyer Taylor, Richard G Fast, Mark D Andreassen, Rune Rise, Matthew L 2024 Aug 16 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109840 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39153579 eng eng Elsevier Science https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109840 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39153579 Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. Fish Shellfish Immunol ISSN:1095-9947 Volume:153 CpG ODN Functional feed Immune response Predicted target transcripts Salmo salar infectious diseases miRNA Journal Article 2024 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109840 2024-08-28T16:03:00Z Infectious diseases have significantly impacted Atlantic salmon aquaculture worldwide. Modulating fish immunity with immunostimulant-containing functional feeds could be an effective strategy in mitigating disease problems. Previously, we characterized the impact of polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid (pIC) and formalin-killed typical Aeromonas salmonicida bacterin on miRNA expression in Atlantic salmon fed a commercial diet with and without immunostimulant CpG. A set of miRNA biomarkers of Atlantic salmon head kidney responding to pIC and/or bacterin immune stimulations was identified (Xue et al., 2019) [1]. Herein, we report a complementary qPCR study that investigated the impact of the pIC, bacterin and dietary CpG on the expression of immune-relevant mRNAs (n = 31) using the same samples as in the previous study (Xue et al., 2019) [1]. Twenty-six of these genes were predicted target transcripts of the pIC- and/or bacterin-responsive miRNAs identified in the earlier study. The current data showed that pIC and/or bacterin stimulations significantly modulated the majority of the qPCR-analyzed genes involved in various immune pathways. Some genes responded to both stimulations (e.g. tnfa, il10rb, ifng, irf9, cxcr3, campb) while others appeared to be stimulation specific [e.g. irf3, irf7a, il1r1, mxa, mapk3 (pIC only); clra (bacterin only)]. A. salmonicida bacterin stimulation produced a strong inflammatory response (e.g. higher expression of il1b, il8a and tnfa), while salmon stimulated with pIC showed robust interferon responses (both type I and II). Furthermore, the current data indicated significant down-regulation of immune-relevant transcripts (e.g. tlr9, irf5, il1r1, hsp90ab1, itgb2) by dietary immunostimulant CpG, especially among pre-injection and PBS-injected fish. Together with our prior miRNA study, the present research provided complementary information on Atlantic salmon anti-viral and anti-bacterial immune responses and on how dietary CpG may modulate these responses. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Salmo salar PubMed Central (PMC) Fish & Shellfish Immunology 153 109840 |
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Open Polar |
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PubMed Central (PMC) |
op_collection_id |
ftpubmed |
language |
English |
topic |
CpG ODN Functional feed Immune response Predicted target transcripts Salmo salar infectious diseases miRNA |
spellingShingle |
CpG ODN Functional feed Immune response Predicted target transcripts Salmo salar infectious diseases miRNA Xue, Xi Eslamloo, Khalil Caballero-Solares, Albert Katan, Tomer Umasuthan, Navaneethaiyer Taylor, Richard G Fast, Mark D Andreassen, Rune Rise, Matthew L Characterization of the impact of dietary immunostimulant CpG on the expression of mRNA biomarkers involved in the immune responses in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). |
topic_facet |
CpG ODN Functional feed Immune response Predicted target transcripts Salmo salar infectious diseases miRNA |
description |
Infectious diseases have significantly impacted Atlantic salmon aquaculture worldwide. Modulating fish immunity with immunostimulant-containing functional feeds could be an effective strategy in mitigating disease problems. Previously, we characterized the impact of polyriboinosinic polyribocytidylic acid (pIC) and formalin-killed typical Aeromonas salmonicida bacterin on miRNA expression in Atlantic salmon fed a commercial diet with and without immunostimulant CpG. A set of miRNA biomarkers of Atlantic salmon head kidney responding to pIC and/or bacterin immune stimulations was identified (Xue et al., 2019) [1]. Herein, we report a complementary qPCR study that investigated the impact of the pIC, bacterin and dietary CpG on the expression of immune-relevant mRNAs (n = 31) using the same samples as in the previous study (Xue et al., 2019) [1]. Twenty-six of these genes were predicted target transcripts of the pIC- and/or bacterin-responsive miRNAs identified in the earlier study. The current data showed that pIC and/or bacterin stimulations significantly modulated the majority of the qPCR-analyzed genes involved in various immune pathways. Some genes responded to both stimulations (e.g. tnfa, il10rb, ifng, irf9, cxcr3, campb) while others appeared to be stimulation specific [e.g. irf3, irf7a, il1r1, mxa, mapk3 (pIC only); clra (bacterin only)]. A. salmonicida bacterin stimulation produced a strong inflammatory response (e.g. higher expression of il1b, il8a and tnfa), while salmon stimulated with pIC showed robust interferon responses (both type I and II). Furthermore, the current data indicated significant down-regulation of immune-relevant transcripts (e.g. tlr9, irf5, il1r1, hsp90ab1, itgb2) by dietary immunostimulant CpG, especially among pre-injection and PBS-injected fish. Together with our prior miRNA study, the present research provided complementary information on Atlantic salmon anti-viral and anti-bacterial immune responses and on how dietary CpG may modulate these responses. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Xue, Xi Eslamloo, Khalil Caballero-Solares, Albert Katan, Tomer Umasuthan, Navaneethaiyer Taylor, Richard G Fast, Mark D Andreassen, Rune Rise, Matthew L |
author_facet |
Xue, Xi Eslamloo, Khalil Caballero-Solares, Albert Katan, Tomer Umasuthan, Navaneethaiyer Taylor, Richard G Fast, Mark D Andreassen, Rune Rise, Matthew L |
author_sort |
Xue, Xi |
title |
Characterization of the impact of dietary immunostimulant CpG on the expression of mRNA biomarkers involved in the immune responses in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). |
title_short |
Characterization of the impact of dietary immunostimulant CpG on the expression of mRNA biomarkers involved in the immune responses in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). |
title_full |
Characterization of the impact of dietary immunostimulant CpG on the expression of mRNA biomarkers involved in the immune responses in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). |
title_fullStr |
Characterization of the impact of dietary immunostimulant CpG on the expression of mRNA biomarkers involved in the immune responses in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). |
title_full_unstemmed |
Characterization of the impact of dietary immunostimulant CpG on the expression of mRNA biomarkers involved in the immune responses in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). |
title_sort |
characterization of the impact of dietary immunostimulant cpg on the expression of mrna biomarkers involved in the immune responses in atlantic salmon (salmo salar). |
publisher |
Elsevier Science |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109840 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39153579 |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_source |
Fish Shellfish Immunol ISSN:1095-9947 Volume:153 |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109840 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39153579 |
op_rights |
Copyright © 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd.. All rights reserved. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2024.109840 |
container_title |
Fish & Shellfish Immunology |
container_volume |
153 |
container_start_page |
109840 |
_version_ |
1810432135120551936 |