Modulation of gut microbiota composition and predicted metabolic capacity after nutritional programming with a plant-rich diet in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): insights across developmental stages.
To promote sustainable aquaculture, the formulation of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) feeds has changed in recent decades, focusing on replacing standard marine-based ingredients with plant-based alternatives, increasingly demonstrating successful outcomes in terms of fish performance. However, littl...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s42523-024-00321-8 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38951941 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11218362/ |
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ftpubmed:38951941 2024-09-09T19:30:27+00:00 Modulation of gut microbiota composition and predicted metabolic capacity after nutritional programming with a plant-rich diet in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): insights across developmental stages. Tawfik, Marwa Mamdouh Lorgen-Ritchie, Marlene Król, Elżbieta McMillan, Stuart Norambuena, Fernando Bolnick, Daniel I Douglas, Alex Tocher, Douglas R Betancor, Mónica B Martin, Samuel A M 2024 Jul 01 https://doi.org/10.1186/s42523-024-00321-8 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38951941 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11218362/ eng eng BioMed Central https://doi.org/10.1186/s42523-024-00321-8 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38951941 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11218362/ © 2024. The Author(s). Anim Microbiome ISSN:2524-4671 Volume:6 Issue:1 Atlantic salmon First feeding Fishmeal Intestinal microbiota Metabolic programming Microbio Nutritional history Nutritional programming Plant-based diet Vegetable-based diet Journal Article 2024 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1186/s42523-024-00321-8 2024-07-04T16:01:00Z To promote sustainable aquaculture, the formulation of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) feeds has changed in recent decades, focusing on replacing standard marine-based ingredients with plant-based alternatives, increasingly demonstrating successful outcomes in terms of fish performance. However, little is known about how these plant-based diets may impact the gut microbiota at first feeding and onwards. Nutritional programming (NP) is one strategy applied for exposing fish to a plant-based (V) diet at an early stage in life to promote full utilisation of plant-based ingredients and prevent potential adverse impacts of exposure to a plant-rich diet later in life. We investigated the impact of NP on gut microbiota by introducing fish to plant ingredients (V fish) during first feeding for a brief period of two weeks (stimulus phase) and compared those to fish fed a marine-based diet (M fish). Results demonstrated that V fish not only maintained growth performance at 16 (intermediate phase) and 22 (challenge phase) weeks post first feeding (wpff) when compared to M fish but also modulated gut microbiota. PERMANOVA general effects revealed gut microbiota dissimilarity by fish group (V vs. M fish) and phases (stimulus vs. intermediate vs. challenge). However, no interaction effect of both groups and phases was demonstrated, suggesting a sustained impact of V diet (nutritional history) on fish across time points/phases. Moreover, the V diet exerted a significant cumulative modulatory effect on the Atlantic salmon gut microbiota at 16 wpff that was not demonstrated at two wpff, although both fish groups were fed the M diet at 16 wpff. The nutritional history/dietary regime is the main NP influencing factor, whereas environmental and host factors significantly impacted microbiota composition in M fish. Microbial metabolic reactions of amino acid metabolism were higher in M fish when compared to V fish at two wpff suggesting microbiota played a role in digesting the essential amino acids of M feed. The excessive mucin O-degradation revealed in V fish at two wpff was mitigated in later life stages after NP, suggesting physiological adaptability and tolerance to V diet. Future studies are required to explore more fully how the microbiota functionally contributes to the NP. Article in Journal/Newspaper Atlantic salmon Salmo salar PubMed Central (PMC) Animal Microbiome 6 1 |
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Open Polar |
collection |
PubMed Central (PMC) |
op_collection_id |
ftpubmed |
language |
English |
topic |
Atlantic salmon First feeding Fishmeal Intestinal microbiota Metabolic programming Microbio Nutritional history Nutritional programming Plant-based diet Vegetable-based diet |
spellingShingle |
Atlantic salmon First feeding Fishmeal Intestinal microbiota Metabolic programming Microbio Nutritional history Nutritional programming Plant-based diet Vegetable-based diet Tawfik, Marwa Mamdouh Lorgen-Ritchie, Marlene Król, Elżbieta McMillan, Stuart Norambuena, Fernando Bolnick, Daniel I Douglas, Alex Tocher, Douglas R Betancor, Mónica B Martin, Samuel A M Modulation of gut microbiota composition and predicted metabolic capacity after nutritional programming with a plant-rich diet in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): insights across developmental stages. |
topic_facet |
Atlantic salmon First feeding Fishmeal Intestinal microbiota Metabolic programming Microbio Nutritional history Nutritional programming Plant-based diet Vegetable-based diet |
description |
To promote sustainable aquaculture, the formulation of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) feeds has changed in recent decades, focusing on replacing standard marine-based ingredients with plant-based alternatives, increasingly demonstrating successful outcomes in terms of fish performance. However, little is known about how these plant-based diets may impact the gut microbiota at first feeding and onwards. Nutritional programming (NP) is one strategy applied for exposing fish to a plant-based (V) diet at an early stage in life to promote full utilisation of plant-based ingredients and prevent potential adverse impacts of exposure to a plant-rich diet later in life. We investigated the impact of NP on gut microbiota by introducing fish to plant ingredients (V fish) during first feeding for a brief period of two weeks (stimulus phase) and compared those to fish fed a marine-based diet (M fish). Results demonstrated that V fish not only maintained growth performance at 16 (intermediate phase) and 22 (challenge phase) weeks post first feeding (wpff) when compared to M fish but also modulated gut microbiota. PERMANOVA general effects revealed gut microbiota dissimilarity by fish group (V vs. M fish) and phases (stimulus vs. intermediate vs. challenge). However, no interaction effect of both groups and phases was demonstrated, suggesting a sustained impact of V diet (nutritional history) on fish across time points/phases. Moreover, the V diet exerted a significant cumulative modulatory effect on the Atlantic salmon gut microbiota at 16 wpff that was not demonstrated at two wpff, although both fish groups were fed the M diet at 16 wpff. The nutritional history/dietary regime is the main NP influencing factor, whereas environmental and host factors significantly impacted microbiota composition in M fish. Microbial metabolic reactions of amino acid metabolism were higher in M fish when compared to V fish at two wpff suggesting microbiota played a role in digesting the essential amino acids of M feed. The excessive mucin O-degradation revealed in V fish at two wpff was mitigated in later life stages after NP, suggesting physiological adaptability and tolerance to V diet. Future studies are required to explore more fully how the microbiota functionally contributes to the NP. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Tawfik, Marwa Mamdouh Lorgen-Ritchie, Marlene Król, Elżbieta McMillan, Stuart Norambuena, Fernando Bolnick, Daniel I Douglas, Alex Tocher, Douglas R Betancor, Mónica B Martin, Samuel A M |
author_facet |
Tawfik, Marwa Mamdouh Lorgen-Ritchie, Marlene Król, Elżbieta McMillan, Stuart Norambuena, Fernando Bolnick, Daniel I Douglas, Alex Tocher, Douglas R Betancor, Mónica B Martin, Samuel A M |
author_sort |
Tawfik, Marwa Mamdouh |
title |
Modulation of gut microbiota composition and predicted metabolic capacity after nutritional programming with a plant-rich diet in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): insights across developmental stages. |
title_short |
Modulation of gut microbiota composition and predicted metabolic capacity after nutritional programming with a plant-rich diet in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): insights across developmental stages. |
title_full |
Modulation of gut microbiota composition and predicted metabolic capacity after nutritional programming with a plant-rich diet in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): insights across developmental stages. |
title_fullStr |
Modulation of gut microbiota composition and predicted metabolic capacity after nutritional programming with a plant-rich diet in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): insights across developmental stages. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Modulation of gut microbiota composition and predicted metabolic capacity after nutritional programming with a plant-rich diet in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar): insights across developmental stages. |
title_sort |
modulation of gut microbiota composition and predicted metabolic capacity after nutritional programming with a plant-rich diet in atlantic salmon (salmo salar): insights across developmental stages. |
publisher |
BioMed Central |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s42523-024-00321-8 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38951941 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11218362/ |
genre |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
genre_facet |
Atlantic salmon Salmo salar |
op_source |
Anim Microbiome ISSN:2524-4671 Volume:6 Issue:1 |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s42523-024-00321-8 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38951941 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11218362/ |
op_rights |
© 2024. The Author(s). |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1186/s42523-024-00321-8 |
container_title |
Animal Microbiome |
container_volume |
6 |
container_issue |
1 |
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1809899430447415296 |