Thermal tolerance of cultured and wild Icelandic arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) at self-selected flow rates.
Climate change is predicted to change not only the temperature of many freshwater systems but also flow dynamics. Understanding how fishes will fare in the future requires knowing how they will respond to both extended variations of temperature and flow. Arctic charr have had their thermal tolerance...
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Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103863 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38723312 |
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ftpubmed:38723312 2024-06-09T07:42:43+00:00 Thermal tolerance of cultured and wild Icelandic arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) at self-selected flow rates. Nelson, Jay A Thorarensen, Helgi Thor 2024 May 04 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103863 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38723312 eng eng Elsevier Science https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103863 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38723312 Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. J Therm Biol ISSN:0306-4565 Volume:121 CT(Max) Charr Iceland Plasticity Thermal tolerance Journal Article 2024 ftpubmed https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103863 2024-05-10T16:03:00Z Climate change is predicted to change not only the temperature of many freshwater systems but also flow dynamics. Understanding how fishes will fare in the future requires knowing how they will respond to both extended variations of temperature and flow. Arctic charr have had their thermal tolerance measured, but never with respect to flow. Additionally, this circumpolar species has multiple populations exhibiting dramatic phenotypic plasticity which may mean that regional differences in thermal tolerance are unaccounted for. In Iceland, Arctic charr populations have experienced highly variable flow and temperature conditions over the past 10,000 years. The Icelandic climate, topography and geothermal activity have created a mosaic of freshwater habitats inhabited by charr that vary substantially in both temperature and flow. Our purpose was to test whether populations from these varied environments had altered thermal tolerance and whether phenotypic plasticity of thermal tolerance in charr depends on flow. We raised cultured Icelandic charr from hatch under a 2 X 2 matrix of flow and temperature and compared them to wild charr captured from matching flow and temperature environments. Wild fish were more thermally tolerant than cultured fish at both acclimation temperatures and were more thermally plastic. Icelandic Arctic charr were more thermally tolerant than comparison charr populations across Europe and North America, but only when acclimated to 13 °C; fish acclimated to 5 °C compared equably with comparison charr populations. Icelandic Arctic charr were also more thermally plastic than all but one other salmonine species. Neither flow of rearing or the flow selected during a thermal tolerance (CTmax) test factored into thermal tolerance. Thermal tolerance was also independent of body size, condition factor, heart and gill size. In summary, wild Icelandic Arctic charr have greater thermal tolerance and plasticity than predicted from the literature and their latitude, but artificial selection for properties like growth rate or fecundity may be breeding that increased tolerance out of cultured fish. As the world moves toward a warmer climate and increased dependence on cultured fish, this is a noteworthy result and merits further study. Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic charr Arctic Climate change Iceland Salvelinus alpinus PubMed Central (PMC) Arctic Journal of Thermal Biology 121 103863 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
PubMed Central (PMC) |
op_collection_id |
ftpubmed |
language |
English |
topic |
CT(Max) Charr Iceland Plasticity Thermal tolerance |
spellingShingle |
CT(Max) Charr Iceland Plasticity Thermal tolerance Nelson, Jay A Thorarensen, Helgi Thor Thermal tolerance of cultured and wild Icelandic arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) at self-selected flow rates. |
topic_facet |
CT(Max) Charr Iceland Plasticity Thermal tolerance |
description |
Climate change is predicted to change not only the temperature of many freshwater systems but also flow dynamics. Understanding how fishes will fare in the future requires knowing how they will respond to both extended variations of temperature and flow. Arctic charr have had their thermal tolerance measured, but never with respect to flow. Additionally, this circumpolar species has multiple populations exhibiting dramatic phenotypic plasticity which may mean that regional differences in thermal tolerance are unaccounted for. In Iceland, Arctic charr populations have experienced highly variable flow and temperature conditions over the past 10,000 years. The Icelandic climate, topography and geothermal activity have created a mosaic of freshwater habitats inhabited by charr that vary substantially in both temperature and flow. Our purpose was to test whether populations from these varied environments had altered thermal tolerance and whether phenotypic plasticity of thermal tolerance in charr depends on flow. We raised cultured Icelandic charr from hatch under a 2 X 2 matrix of flow and temperature and compared them to wild charr captured from matching flow and temperature environments. Wild fish were more thermally tolerant than cultured fish at both acclimation temperatures and were more thermally plastic. Icelandic Arctic charr were more thermally tolerant than comparison charr populations across Europe and North America, but only when acclimated to 13 °C; fish acclimated to 5 °C compared equably with comparison charr populations. Icelandic Arctic charr were also more thermally plastic than all but one other salmonine species. Neither flow of rearing or the flow selected during a thermal tolerance (CTmax) test factored into thermal tolerance. Thermal tolerance was also independent of body size, condition factor, heart and gill size. In summary, wild Icelandic Arctic charr have greater thermal tolerance and plasticity than predicted from the literature and their latitude, but artificial selection for properties like growth rate or fecundity may be breeding that increased tolerance out of cultured fish. As the world moves toward a warmer climate and increased dependence on cultured fish, this is a noteworthy result and merits further study. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Nelson, Jay A Thorarensen, Helgi Thor |
author_facet |
Nelson, Jay A Thorarensen, Helgi Thor |
author_sort |
Nelson, Jay A |
title |
Thermal tolerance of cultured and wild Icelandic arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) at self-selected flow rates. |
title_short |
Thermal tolerance of cultured and wild Icelandic arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) at self-selected flow rates. |
title_full |
Thermal tolerance of cultured and wild Icelandic arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) at self-selected flow rates. |
title_fullStr |
Thermal tolerance of cultured and wild Icelandic arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) at self-selected flow rates. |
title_full_unstemmed |
Thermal tolerance of cultured and wild Icelandic arctic charr (Salvelinus alpinus) at self-selected flow rates. |
title_sort |
thermal tolerance of cultured and wild icelandic arctic charr (salvelinus alpinus) at self-selected flow rates. |
publisher |
Elsevier Science |
publishDate |
2024 |
url |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103863 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38723312 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic charr Arctic Climate change Iceland Salvelinus alpinus |
genre_facet |
Arctic charr Arctic Climate change Iceland Salvelinus alpinus |
op_source |
J Therm Biol ISSN:0306-4565 Volume:121 |
op_relation |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103863 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38723312 |
op_rights |
Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jtherbio.2024.103863 |
container_title |
Journal of Thermal Biology |
container_volume |
121 |
container_start_page |
103863 |
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1801371455659704320 |