Morphology and diet are decoupled in nearshore notothenoids from King George Island, West Antarctica.

Antarctic notothenioid fishes show wide adaptive morphological radiation, linked to habitat preferences and food composition. However, direct comparisons of phenotypic variability and feeding habits are still lacking, particularly in stages inhabiting nearshore areas. To assess these relationships,...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of Fish Biology
Main Authors: Landaeta, Mauricio F, Pareja, Matías, Hüne, Mathias, Zenteno-Devaud, Lisette, Vera-Duarte, Javier, Bernal-Durán, Valentina, Castillo, Manuel I, La Mesa, Mario
Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
Language:English
Published: Wiley 2024
Subjects:
Harpagifer antarcticus
Notothenia coriiceps
Notothenia rossii
South Shetland Islands
diet
geometric morphometrics
Antarctic
King George Island
West Antarctica
Antarc*
Antarctica
antarcticus
Marbled rockcod
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1111/jfb.15632
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38032136
Description
Summary:Antarctic notothenioid fishes show wide adaptive morphological radiation, linked to habitat preferences and food composition. However, direct comparisons of phenotypic variability and feeding habits are still lacking, particularly in stages inhabiting nearshore areas. To assess these relationships, we collected juveniles and adults of the most common benthic species inhabiting shallow waters off the South Shetland Islands within a similar size range, the plunderfish Harpagifer antarcticus, the black rockcod Notothenia coriiceps, and the marbled rockcod Notothenia rossii. Individual size ranges varied from 44.0 to 98.9 mm standard length (LS) (H. antarcticus), from 95.8 to 109.3 mm LS (N. coriiceps), and from 63.0 to 113.0 mm LS (N. rossii). Notothenioid fish showed different morphospace variability, being larger for H. antarcticus than the other Notothenia species and associated with the position of the posterior end of the operculum, along with the location and relative size of the eye. The evolutionary allometry was low, but the static allometry was much higher, especially for H. antarcticus and N. rossii. The diet was mainly carnivorous, consisting of amphipods and euphausiids. Macroalgae were scarce or totally absent in the gut contents of all species. Only H. antarcticus showed an increase in the prey number and ingested prey volume with fish size. Finally, there was a significant covariation between shape changes and LS in all species (allometric effects), however, not with prey composition, probably due to the small size range or ontogenetic stage and the relative similarity (or lack of contrast) in the benthic environment that they utilized.

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