Photobiological Effects on Ice Algae of a Rapid Whole-Fjord Loss of Snow Cover during Spring Growth in Kangerlussuaq, a West Greenland Fjord
Snow cover on sea ice is the most important factor controlling light availability for sea ice algae, but it is predicted by climate models to become more variable and stochastic. Here, we document effects of a sudden, complete loss of the entire snow cover on first-year sea ice at Kangerlussuaq Fjor...
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ftpubman:oai:pure.mpg.de:item_3352307 2023-08-27T04:09:45+02:00 Photobiological Effects on Ice Algae of a Rapid Whole-Fjord Loss of Snow Cover during Spring Growth in Kangerlussuaq, a West Greenland Fjord Sorrell, B. Hawes, I. Stratmann, T. Lund-Hansen, L. 2021-05-31 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0009-86F0-0 http://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0009-86F2-E eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3390/jmse9080814 http://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0009-86F0-0 http://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0009-86F2-E info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2021 ftpubman https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9080814 2023-08-02T00:50:47Z Snow cover on sea ice is the most important factor controlling light availability for sea ice algae, but it is predicted by climate models to become more variable and stochastic. Here, we document effects of a sudden, complete loss of the entire snow cover on first-year sea ice at Kangerlussuaq Fjord, West Greenland, due to a natural Fohn wind event that caused a ca. 17 degrees C air temperature increase over 36 h. We applied Imaging-PAM fluorometry to examine effects of snow cover on algal distribution and photobiology and observed a rapid decrease in algal biomass associated with loss of the skeletal ice crystal layer on the underside of the ice that had supported most of the visible algae. Furthermore, the remaining algae were photobiologically stressed, as seen in a significant decrease in the dark-acclimated fluorescence yield (Phi(PSII_max)) from 0.55 before snow loss to 0.41 after. However, recovery in the dark suggested that non-photosynthetic quenching was successfully dissipating excess energy in the community and that there was little photodamage. An observed decrease in the photosynthetic efficiency alpha from 0.22 to 0.16 mu mol e m(-2) s(-1) is therefore likely to be due to photoacclimation and the change in community composition. Centric diatoms and flagellates were the main taxa lost in the snow loss event, whereas the sea ice specialist Nitzschia frigida increased in numbers. These observations are similar to those seen in artificial snow-clearing experiments and consistent with snow clearing being a useful approach for investigating the complex interactions between snow cover, irradiance fluctuations, and ice algal performance. Article in Journal/Newspaper Greenland ice algae Kangerlussuaq Sea ice Max Planck Society: MPG.PuRe Greenland Kangerlussuaq ENVELOPE(-55.633,-55.633,72.633,72.633) Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 9 8 814 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Max Planck Society: MPG.PuRe |
op_collection_id |
ftpubman |
language |
English |
description |
Snow cover on sea ice is the most important factor controlling light availability for sea ice algae, but it is predicted by climate models to become more variable and stochastic. Here, we document effects of a sudden, complete loss of the entire snow cover on first-year sea ice at Kangerlussuaq Fjord, West Greenland, due to a natural Fohn wind event that caused a ca. 17 degrees C air temperature increase over 36 h. We applied Imaging-PAM fluorometry to examine effects of snow cover on algal distribution and photobiology and observed a rapid decrease in algal biomass associated with loss of the skeletal ice crystal layer on the underside of the ice that had supported most of the visible algae. Furthermore, the remaining algae were photobiologically stressed, as seen in a significant decrease in the dark-acclimated fluorescence yield (Phi(PSII_max)) from 0.55 before snow loss to 0.41 after. However, recovery in the dark suggested that non-photosynthetic quenching was successfully dissipating excess energy in the community and that there was little photodamage. An observed decrease in the photosynthetic efficiency alpha from 0.22 to 0.16 mu mol e m(-2) s(-1) is therefore likely to be due to photoacclimation and the change in community composition. Centric diatoms and flagellates were the main taxa lost in the snow loss event, whereas the sea ice specialist Nitzschia frigida increased in numbers. These observations are similar to those seen in artificial snow-clearing experiments and consistent with snow clearing being a useful approach for investigating the complex interactions between snow cover, irradiance fluctuations, and ice algal performance. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Sorrell, B. Hawes, I. Stratmann, T. Lund-Hansen, L. |
spellingShingle |
Sorrell, B. Hawes, I. Stratmann, T. Lund-Hansen, L. Photobiological Effects on Ice Algae of a Rapid Whole-Fjord Loss of Snow Cover during Spring Growth in Kangerlussuaq, a West Greenland Fjord |
author_facet |
Sorrell, B. Hawes, I. Stratmann, T. Lund-Hansen, L. |
author_sort |
Sorrell, B. |
title |
Photobiological Effects on Ice Algae of a Rapid Whole-Fjord Loss of Snow Cover during Spring Growth in Kangerlussuaq, a West Greenland Fjord |
title_short |
Photobiological Effects on Ice Algae of a Rapid Whole-Fjord Loss of Snow Cover during Spring Growth in Kangerlussuaq, a West Greenland Fjord |
title_full |
Photobiological Effects on Ice Algae of a Rapid Whole-Fjord Loss of Snow Cover during Spring Growth in Kangerlussuaq, a West Greenland Fjord |
title_fullStr |
Photobiological Effects on Ice Algae of a Rapid Whole-Fjord Loss of Snow Cover during Spring Growth in Kangerlussuaq, a West Greenland Fjord |
title_full_unstemmed |
Photobiological Effects on Ice Algae of a Rapid Whole-Fjord Loss of Snow Cover during Spring Growth in Kangerlussuaq, a West Greenland Fjord |
title_sort |
photobiological effects on ice algae of a rapid whole-fjord loss of snow cover during spring growth in kangerlussuaq, a west greenland fjord |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0009-86F0-0 http://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0009-86F2-E |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-55.633,-55.633,72.633,72.633) |
geographic |
Greenland Kangerlussuaq |
geographic_facet |
Greenland Kangerlussuaq |
genre |
Greenland ice algae Kangerlussuaq Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Greenland ice algae Kangerlussuaq Sea ice |
op_source |
JOURNAL OF MARINE SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.3390/jmse9080814 http://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0009-86F0-0 http://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0009-86F2-E |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.3390/jmse9080814 |
container_title |
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
container_volume |
9 |
container_issue |
8 |
container_start_page |
814 |
_version_ |
1775351318468100096 |