Emissions relationships in western forest fire plumes - Part 1: Reducing the effect of mixing errors on emission factors
Studies of emission factors from biomass burning using aircraft data complement the results of lab studies and extend them to conditions of immense hot conflagrations. A new theoretical development of plume theory for multiple tracers is developed after examining aircraft samples. We illustrate and...
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ftpubman:oai:pure.mpg.de:item_3279986 2023-08-27T04:08:14+02:00 Emissions relationships in western forest fire plumes - Part 1: Reducing the effect of mixing errors on emission factors Chatfield, R. Andreae, M. ARCTAS Science Team SEAC4RS Science Team 2020 http://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0007-D3B6-D eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/amt-13-7069-2020 http://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0007-D3B6-D Atmospheric Measurement Techniques info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2020 ftpubman https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-7069-2020 2023-08-02T00:27:36Z Studies of emission factors from biomass burning using aircraft data complement the results of lab studies and extend them to conditions of immense hot conflagrations. A new theoretical development of plume theory for multiple tracers is developed after examining aircraft samples. We illustrate and discuss emissions relationships for 422 individual samples from many forest fire plumes in the Western USA. Samples are from two NASA investigations: ARCTAS (Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites) and SEAC4RS (Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys). This work provides sample-by-sample enhancement ratios (EnRs) for 23 gases and particulate properties. Many EnRs provide candidates for emission ratios (ERs, corresponding to the EnR at the source) when the origin and degree of transformation is understood. From these, emission factors (EFs) can be estimated, provided the fuel dry mass consumed is known or can be estimated using the carbon mass budget approach. This analysis requires understanding the interplay of mixing of the plume with surrounding air. Some initial examples emphasize that measured Ctot=CO2+CO in a fire plume does not necessarily describe the emissions of the total carbon liberated in the flames, Cburn. Rather, it represents Ctot=Cburn+Cbkgd, which includes possibly varying background concentrations for entrained air. Consequently, we present a simple theoretical description for plume entrainment for multiple tracers from the flame tops to hundreds of kilometers downwind and illustrate some intrinsic linear behaviors. The analysis suggests a mixed-effects regression emission technique (MERET), which can eliminate occasional strong biases associated with the commonly used normalized excess mixing ratio (NEMR) method. MERET splits Ctot to reveal Cburn by exploiting the fact that Cburn and all tracers respond linearly to dilution, while each tracer has consistent EnR behavior (slope of tracer ... Article in Journal/Newspaper Arctic Max Planck Society: MPG.PuRe Arctic Atmospheric Measurement Techniques 13 12 7069 7096 |
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Max Planck Society: MPG.PuRe |
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English |
description |
Studies of emission factors from biomass burning using aircraft data complement the results of lab studies and extend them to conditions of immense hot conflagrations. A new theoretical development of plume theory for multiple tracers is developed after examining aircraft samples. We illustrate and discuss emissions relationships for 422 individual samples from many forest fire plumes in the Western USA. Samples are from two NASA investigations: ARCTAS (Arctic Research of the Composition of the Troposphere from Aircraft and Satellites) and SEAC4RS (Studies of Emissions and Atmospheric Composition, Clouds and Climate Coupling by Regional Surveys). This work provides sample-by-sample enhancement ratios (EnRs) for 23 gases and particulate properties. Many EnRs provide candidates for emission ratios (ERs, corresponding to the EnR at the source) when the origin and degree of transformation is understood. From these, emission factors (EFs) can be estimated, provided the fuel dry mass consumed is known or can be estimated using the carbon mass budget approach. This analysis requires understanding the interplay of mixing of the plume with surrounding air. Some initial examples emphasize that measured Ctot=CO2+CO in a fire plume does not necessarily describe the emissions of the total carbon liberated in the flames, Cburn. Rather, it represents Ctot=Cburn+Cbkgd, which includes possibly varying background concentrations for entrained air. Consequently, we present a simple theoretical description for plume entrainment for multiple tracers from the flame tops to hundreds of kilometers downwind and illustrate some intrinsic linear behaviors. The analysis suggests a mixed-effects regression emission technique (MERET), which can eliminate occasional strong biases associated with the commonly used normalized excess mixing ratio (NEMR) method. MERET splits Ctot to reveal Cburn by exploiting the fact that Cburn and all tracers respond linearly to dilution, while each tracer has consistent EnR behavior (slope of tracer ... |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Chatfield, R. Andreae, M. ARCTAS Science Team SEAC4RS Science Team |
spellingShingle |
Chatfield, R. Andreae, M. ARCTAS Science Team SEAC4RS Science Team Emissions relationships in western forest fire plumes - Part 1: Reducing the effect of mixing errors on emission factors |
author_facet |
Chatfield, R. Andreae, M. ARCTAS Science Team SEAC4RS Science Team |
author_sort |
Chatfield, R. |
title |
Emissions relationships in western forest fire plumes - Part 1: Reducing the effect of mixing errors on emission factors |
title_short |
Emissions relationships in western forest fire plumes - Part 1: Reducing the effect of mixing errors on emission factors |
title_full |
Emissions relationships in western forest fire plumes - Part 1: Reducing the effect of mixing errors on emission factors |
title_fullStr |
Emissions relationships in western forest fire plumes - Part 1: Reducing the effect of mixing errors on emission factors |
title_full_unstemmed |
Emissions relationships in western forest fire plumes - Part 1: Reducing the effect of mixing errors on emission factors |
title_sort |
emissions relationships in western forest fire plumes - part 1: reducing the effect of mixing errors on emission factors |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0007-D3B6-D |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic |
genre_facet |
Arctic |
op_source |
Atmospheric Measurement Techniques |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5194/amt-13-7069-2020 http://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0007-D3B6-D |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-13-7069-2020 |
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Atmospheric Measurement Techniques |
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13 |
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12 |
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7069 |
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7096 |
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