Pinatubo eruption winter climate effects: model versus observations
Large volcanic eruptions, in addition to the well-known effect of producing global cooling for a year or two, have been observed to produce shorter-term responses in the climate system involving non-linear dynamical processes. In this study, we use the ECHAM2 general circulation model forced with st...
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ftpubman:oai:pure.mpg.de:item_2581500 2023-08-20T04:09:22+02:00 Pinatubo eruption winter climate effects: model versus observations Graf, H. Kirchner, I. Robock, A. Schult, I. 1993 application/pdf http://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0001-87DD-E http://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0001-87DF-C http://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0001-87E0-9 eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1007/BF00210011 http://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0001-87DD-E http://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0001-87DF-C http://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0001-87E0-9 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Climate Dynamics Report / Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie info:eu-repo/semantics/article 1993 ftpubman https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00210011 2023-08-01T23:01:58Z Large volcanic eruptions, in addition to the well-known effect of producing global cooling for a year or two, have been observed to produce shorter-term responses in the climate system involving non-linear dynamical processes. In this study, we use the ECHAM2 general circulation model forced with stratospheric aerosols to test some of these ideas. Run in a perpetual-January mode, with tropical stratospheric heating from the volcanic aerosols typical of the 1982 El Chichon eruption or the 1991 Pinatubo eruption, we find a dynamical response with an increased polar night jet in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) and stronger zonal winds which extend down into the troposphere. The Azores High shifts northward with increased tropospheric westerlies at 60-degrees-N and increased easterlies at 30-degrees-N. Surface temperatures are higher both in northern Eurasia and North America, in agreement with observations for the NH winters of 1982-83 and 1991-92 as well as the winters following the other 10 largest volcanic eruptions since 1883. Article in Journal/Newspaper polar night Max Planck Society: MPG.PuRe Climate Dynamics 9 2 81 93 |
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Max Planck Society: MPG.PuRe |
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ftpubman |
language |
English |
description |
Large volcanic eruptions, in addition to the well-known effect of producing global cooling for a year or two, have been observed to produce shorter-term responses in the climate system involving non-linear dynamical processes. In this study, we use the ECHAM2 general circulation model forced with stratospheric aerosols to test some of these ideas. Run in a perpetual-January mode, with tropical stratospheric heating from the volcanic aerosols typical of the 1982 El Chichon eruption or the 1991 Pinatubo eruption, we find a dynamical response with an increased polar night jet in the Northern Hemisphere (NH) and stronger zonal winds which extend down into the troposphere. The Azores High shifts northward with increased tropospheric westerlies at 60-degrees-N and increased easterlies at 30-degrees-N. Surface temperatures are higher both in northern Eurasia and North America, in agreement with observations for the NH winters of 1982-83 and 1991-92 as well as the winters following the other 10 largest volcanic eruptions since 1883. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Graf, H. Kirchner, I. Robock, A. Schult, I. |
spellingShingle |
Graf, H. Kirchner, I. Robock, A. Schult, I. Pinatubo eruption winter climate effects: model versus observations |
author_facet |
Graf, H. Kirchner, I. Robock, A. Schult, I. |
author_sort |
Graf, H. |
title |
Pinatubo eruption winter climate effects: model versus observations |
title_short |
Pinatubo eruption winter climate effects: model versus observations |
title_full |
Pinatubo eruption winter climate effects: model versus observations |
title_fullStr |
Pinatubo eruption winter climate effects: model versus observations |
title_full_unstemmed |
Pinatubo eruption winter climate effects: model versus observations |
title_sort |
pinatubo eruption winter climate effects: model versus observations |
publishDate |
1993 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0001-87DD-E http://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0001-87DF-C http://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0001-87E0-9 |
genre |
polar night |
genre_facet |
polar night |
op_source |
Climate Dynamics Report / Max-Planck-Institut für Meteorologie |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1007/BF00210011 http://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0001-87DD-E http://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0001-87DF-C http://hdl.handle.net/21.11116/0000-0001-87E0-9 |
op_rights |
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00210011 |
container_title |
Climate Dynamics |
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9 |
container_issue |
2 |
container_start_page |
81 |
op_container_end_page |
93 |
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1774722270456971264 |