Twentieth century North Atlantic jet variability
Long records of the latitude and speed of the North Atlantic eddy-driven jet stream since 1871 are presented from the newly available Twentieth Century Reanalysis. These jet variations underlie the variability associated with patterns such as the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and have considerabl...
Published in: | Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society |
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ftpubman:oai:pure.mpg.de:item_2475585 2023-08-20T04:08:13+02:00 Twentieth century North Atlantic jet variability Woollings , T. Czuchniki , C. Franzke, C. 2013 http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-002D-DFB9-9 eng eng info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1002/qj.2197 http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-002D-DFB9-9 Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society info:eu-repo/semantics/article 2013 ftpubman https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2197 2023-08-01T22:58:58Z Long records of the latitude and speed of the North Atlantic eddy-driven jet stream since 1871 are presented from the newly available Twentieth Century Reanalysis. These jet variations underlie the variability associated with patterns such as the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and have considerable societal impact through variations in the prevailing westerly winds. While the NAO combines variations in the latitude and speed of the jet, these two characteristics are shown to have quite different seasonal cycles and interannual variability, suggesting that they may have different dynamical influences. In general, the features exhibited in shorter records are shown to be robust, for example the strong skewness of the NAO distribution. Related to this is a clear multimodality of the jet latitude distribution, which suggests the existence of preferred positions of the jet. Decadal variations in jet latitude are shown to correspond to changes in the occurrence of these preferred positions. However, it is the speed rather than the latitude of the jet that exhibits the strongest decadal variability, and in most seasons this is clearly distinct from a white-noise representation of the seasonal means. When viewed in this longer term context, the variations of recent decades do not appear unusual and recent values of jet latitude and speed are not unprecedented in the historical record. Article in Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation Max Planck Society: MPG.PuRe Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society 140 680 783 791 |
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Open Polar |
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Max Planck Society: MPG.PuRe |
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ftpubman |
language |
English |
description |
Long records of the latitude and speed of the North Atlantic eddy-driven jet stream since 1871 are presented from the newly available Twentieth Century Reanalysis. These jet variations underlie the variability associated with patterns such as the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) and have considerable societal impact through variations in the prevailing westerly winds. While the NAO combines variations in the latitude and speed of the jet, these two characteristics are shown to have quite different seasonal cycles and interannual variability, suggesting that they may have different dynamical influences. In general, the features exhibited in shorter records are shown to be robust, for example the strong skewness of the NAO distribution. Related to this is a clear multimodality of the jet latitude distribution, which suggests the existence of preferred positions of the jet. Decadal variations in jet latitude are shown to correspond to changes in the occurrence of these preferred positions. However, it is the speed rather than the latitude of the jet that exhibits the strongest decadal variability, and in most seasons this is clearly distinct from a white-noise representation of the seasonal means. When viewed in this longer term context, the variations of recent decades do not appear unusual and recent values of jet latitude and speed are not unprecedented in the historical record. |
format |
Article in Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Woollings , T. Czuchniki , C. Franzke, C. |
spellingShingle |
Woollings , T. Czuchniki , C. Franzke, C. Twentieth century North Atlantic jet variability |
author_facet |
Woollings , T. Czuchniki , C. Franzke, C. |
author_sort |
Woollings , T. |
title |
Twentieth century North Atlantic jet variability |
title_short |
Twentieth century North Atlantic jet variability |
title_full |
Twentieth century North Atlantic jet variability |
title_fullStr |
Twentieth century North Atlantic jet variability |
title_full_unstemmed |
Twentieth century North Atlantic jet variability |
title_sort |
twentieth century north atlantic jet variability |
publishDate |
2013 |
url |
http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-002D-DFB9-9 |
genre |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic North Atlantic oscillation |
op_source |
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society |
op_relation |
info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1002/qj.2197 http://hdl.handle.net/11858/00-001M-0000-002D-DFB9-9 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1002/qj.2197 |
container_title |
Quarterly Journal of the Royal Meteorological Society |
container_volume |
140 |
container_issue |
680 |
container_start_page |
783 |
op_container_end_page |
791 |
_version_ |
1774720370247467008 |