Large-scale 20th Century Warming Identified in the East Siberian Arctic Using Tree-ring Carbon Isotope Records
Carbon isotope measurements (δ13C) across tree rings retain long-term annual and seasonal climate trends that can be used to extend historical records in regions where instrumental observations are limited or unavailable. The δ13C value measured from successive tree-rings reflects changes in stomata...
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University of Louisiana at Lafayette
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ftproquest:oai:pqdtoai.proquest.com:1594369 2023-05-15T14:46:08+02:00 Large-scale 20th Century Warming Identified in the East Siberian Arctic Using Tree-ring Carbon Isotope Records Trahan, Matthew William 2015-01-01 00:00:01.0 http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1594369 ENG eng University of Louisiana at Lafayette http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1594369 Biogeochemistry|Paleoclimate Science|Geochemistry thesis 2015 ftproquest 2021-03-13T17:36:51Z Carbon isotope measurements (δ13C) across tree rings retain long-term annual and seasonal climate trends that can be used to extend historical records in regions where instrumental observations are limited or unavailable. The δ13C value measured from successive tree-rings reflects changes in stomatal conductance, which varies as a stress response to changes in environmental moisture. In relatively dry environments, a decrease in moisture leads to a reduction in stomatal conductance and causes an observable increase in the measured tree-ring δ 13C composition. Thus, changes in fractionation can be an indicator of varying water-stress associated with changing temperatures. Here, I investigate the use of annually resolved δ13C data to identify twentieth century Arctic temperature trends. I present a new annually resolved δ 13C dataset spanning 50 years (1912-1961) from three Larix cajanderi tree cores collected in far northeastern Siberia. The dataset yields a strong correlation (r = 0.55) with an increase in temperatures associated with the Early Twentieth Century Warming (ETCW) event (1925 to 1946). In order to investigate whether this Arctic-wide temperature anomaly can be identified from other Arctic tree-ring sites, I compiled δ13C data from thirteen previously published high-latitude (>62 ˚N) tree-ring chronologies. The combined dataset, which spanned nearly the entire twentieth century (1900-1998), identified a strong negative relationship (r = -0.53, p < 0.01) between net carbon isotope fractionation and temperature. This Arctic-wide tree-ring dataset showed strong correlation across the ETCW in particular (r = -0.86), as well as across the interval of rapid late twentieth century anthropogenic warming (r = -0.50). Identification of both the natural ETCW and the current anthropogenic Late Twentieth Century Warming (LTCW) event (1966 to 1998) demonstrates the potential for tree-ring δ13C records to extend our knowledge of Arctic temperature change beyond the limited historical record. Thesis Arctic Siberia PQDT Open: Open Access Dissertations and Theses (ProQuest) Arctic |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
PQDT Open: Open Access Dissertations and Theses (ProQuest) |
op_collection_id |
ftproquest |
language |
English |
topic |
Biogeochemistry|Paleoclimate Science|Geochemistry |
spellingShingle |
Biogeochemistry|Paleoclimate Science|Geochemistry Trahan, Matthew William Large-scale 20th Century Warming Identified in the East Siberian Arctic Using Tree-ring Carbon Isotope Records |
topic_facet |
Biogeochemistry|Paleoclimate Science|Geochemistry |
description |
Carbon isotope measurements (δ13C) across tree rings retain long-term annual and seasonal climate trends that can be used to extend historical records in regions where instrumental observations are limited or unavailable. The δ13C value measured from successive tree-rings reflects changes in stomatal conductance, which varies as a stress response to changes in environmental moisture. In relatively dry environments, a decrease in moisture leads to a reduction in stomatal conductance and causes an observable increase in the measured tree-ring δ 13C composition. Thus, changes in fractionation can be an indicator of varying water-stress associated with changing temperatures. Here, I investigate the use of annually resolved δ13C data to identify twentieth century Arctic temperature trends. I present a new annually resolved δ 13C dataset spanning 50 years (1912-1961) from three Larix cajanderi tree cores collected in far northeastern Siberia. The dataset yields a strong correlation (r = 0.55) with an increase in temperatures associated with the Early Twentieth Century Warming (ETCW) event (1925 to 1946). In order to investigate whether this Arctic-wide temperature anomaly can be identified from other Arctic tree-ring sites, I compiled δ13C data from thirteen previously published high-latitude (>62 ˚N) tree-ring chronologies. The combined dataset, which spanned nearly the entire twentieth century (1900-1998), identified a strong negative relationship (r = -0.53, p < 0.01) between net carbon isotope fractionation and temperature. This Arctic-wide tree-ring dataset showed strong correlation across the ETCW in particular (r = -0.86), as well as across the interval of rapid late twentieth century anthropogenic warming (r = -0.50). Identification of both the natural ETCW and the current anthropogenic Late Twentieth Century Warming (LTCW) event (1966 to 1998) demonstrates the potential for tree-ring δ13C records to extend our knowledge of Arctic temperature change beyond the limited historical record. |
format |
Thesis |
author |
Trahan, Matthew William |
author_facet |
Trahan, Matthew William |
author_sort |
Trahan, Matthew William |
title |
Large-scale 20th Century Warming Identified in the East Siberian Arctic Using Tree-ring Carbon Isotope Records |
title_short |
Large-scale 20th Century Warming Identified in the East Siberian Arctic Using Tree-ring Carbon Isotope Records |
title_full |
Large-scale 20th Century Warming Identified in the East Siberian Arctic Using Tree-ring Carbon Isotope Records |
title_fullStr |
Large-scale 20th Century Warming Identified in the East Siberian Arctic Using Tree-ring Carbon Isotope Records |
title_full_unstemmed |
Large-scale 20th Century Warming Identified in the East Siberian Arctic Using Tree-ring Carbon Isotope Records |
title_sort |
large-scale 20th century warming identified in the east siberian arctic using tree-ring carbon isotope records |
publisher |
University of Louisiana at Lafayette |
publishDate |
2015 |
url |
http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1594369 |
geographic |
Arctic |
geographic_facet |
Arctic |
genre |
Arctic Siberia |
genre_facet |
Arctic Siberia |
op_relation |
http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1594369 |
_version_ |
1766317395904823296 |