Biological pump processes in the cryopelagic and hemipelagic Arctic Ocean: Canada Basin and Chukchi Rise

• Published in: Progress in Oceanography
• Main Authors: Honjo, S, Krishfield, RA, Eglinton, TI, Manganini, SJ, Kemp, JN, Doherty, K, Hwang, J, McKee, TK, Takizawa, T
• Other Authors: 환경공학부, 10160028
• Format: Article in Journal/Newspaper
• Language: English
• Published: PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD 2010
• Subjects: ORGANIC-CARBON FLUXES; SATELLITE RADIOMETER DATA; BIOGENIC PARTICLE FLUXES; SEA-ICE COVER; SEDIMENT TRAP; BEAUFORT SEA; SOUTHERN-OCEAN; PARTICULATE MATTER; BERING-SEA; ROSS SEA; SEA-ICE; INTERANNUAL VARIABILITY; Arctic; Arctic Ocean; Bering Sea; Canada; Canada Abyssal Plain; Chukchi Rise; Ross Sea; Southern Ocean; Beaufort Sea; canada basin; Chukchi; Sea ice
• Online Access: https://oasis.postech.ac.kr/handle/2014.oak/25936; https://doi.org/10.1016/J.POCEAN.2010.02.009

The object of this study was to clarify the characteristics of the biological pump system operating in permanently or seasonally ice-covered ocean (cryopelagic) conditions by examining the export of particulate organic carbon (POC) and other components of oceanic particles in the Canada Basin at 120, 200, and 3067 m and in hemipelagic Chukchi Rise waters at 120 m. The first time-series sediment trap (TS-trap), B96-200m, was tethered to an Ice Ocean Environmental Buoy (IOEB) and deployed at 79.1 degrees N, 132.2 degrees E in March 1996: it was recovered in July 1997 at 76.7 degrees N, 131.8 degrees E, having drifted exclusively in the cryopelagic environment. The second TS-trap, S97-120m, also tethered to an IOEB, was launched at 75.2 degrees N, 142.5 degrees E in October 1997 and recovered at 80.0 degrees N 155.9 degrees E, having first traversed the cryopelagic Canada Basin to the west and then the hemipelagic Chukchi Rise. The third TS-trap, CD04-3067m, was deployed in August 2004 beneath the cryopelagic drift route of S97-120m at a water depth of 3067 m on a mooring in the interior of the 3824-m-deep Canada Abyssal Plain. All three TS-traps intercepted marine particles in 21 time-series sets of 17-day intervals for a total of 357 days each. The TMF (annual dried mass flux) intercepted by TS-trap B96-200m was only 0.4 g m(-2) yr(-1), and the FCorg (mole annual export flux of POC) was 7.0 mmol C m(-2) yr(-1). The export of FSibio (mole Si in diatom frustules) and lithogenic particles (in mole Al) were both extremely small. Ballast particle flux was three orders of magnitude smaller than in global epipelagic areas where the biological pump represents an important vehicle for carbon export to depth. The FCorg, and ballast particles were rather small in the second drifting TS-trap, S97-120m. We conclude that the biological pump is currently ineffective in the cryopelagic Canada Basin so that, instead of removal to deep waters, carbon from primary production (2-4 mmol C m(-2) yr(-1)) is remineralized or converted ...