Understanding Bjerknes Compensation in Atmosphere and Ocean Heat Transports Using a Coupled Box Model
A coupled box model is used to study the compensation between atmosphere and ocean heat transports. An analytical solution to the Bjerknes compensation (BJC) rate, defined as the ratio of anomalous atmosphere heat transport (AHT) to anomalous ocean heat transport (OHT), is obtained. The BJC rate is...
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2016
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Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11897/437619 https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0281.1 |
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ftpekinguniv:oai:localhost:20.500.11897/437619 2023-05-15T17:36:57+02:00 Understanding Bjerknes Compensation in Atmosphere and Ocean Heat Transports Using a Coupled Box Model Yang, Haijun Zhao, Yingying Liu, Zhengyu Yang, HJ (reprint author), Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, 209 Chengfu Rd, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Lab Climate & Ocean Atmosphere Studies, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, 209 Chengfu Rd, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Madison, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin, Nelson Ctr Climate Res, Madison, WI USA. 2016 https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11897/437619 https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0281.1 en eng JOURNAL OF CLIMATE JOURNAL OF CLIMATE.2016,29,(6),2145-2160. 1395088 0894-8755 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11897/437619 1520-0442 doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0281.1 WOS:000375786600011 SCI EI THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION CLOUD FEEDBACK CLIMATE MODELS RADIATIVE FEEDBACKS TROPICAL RESPONSE ENERGY TRANSPORTS EQUABLE CLIMATE NORTH-ATLANTIC FRESH-WATER SEA-ICE Journal 2016 ftpekinguniv https://doi.org/20.500.11897/437619 https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0281.1 2021-08-01T10:50:19Z A coupled box model is used to study the compensation between atmosphere and ocean heat transports. An analytical solution to the Bjerknes compensation (BJC) rate, defined as the ratio of anomalous atmosphere heat transport (AHT) to anomalous ocean heat transport (OHT), is obtained. The BJC rate is determined by local feedback between surface temperature and net heat flux at the top of atmosphere (TOA) and the AHT efficiency. In a stable climate that ensures global energy conservation, the changes between HT and OHT tend to be always out of phase, and the BJC is always valid. This can be demonstrated when the climate is perturbed by freshwater flux. The BJC in this case exhibits three different behaviors: the anomalous AHT can under-compensate, overcompensate, or perfectly compensate the anomalous OHT, depending on the local feedback. Stronger negative local feedback will result in a lower BJC rate. Stronger positive local feedback will result in a larger overcompensation. If zero climate feedback occurs in the system, the AHT will compensate the OHT perfectly. However, the BJC will fail if the climate system is perturbed by heat flux. In this case, the changes in AHT and OHT will be in phase, and their ratio will be closely related to the mean AHT and OHT. In a more realistic situation when the climate is perturbed by both heat and freshwater fluxes, whether the BJC will occur depends largely on the interplay among meridional temperature and salinity gradients and the thermohaline circulation strength. This work explicitly shows that the energy conservation is the intrinsic mechanism of BJC and establishes a specific link between radiative feedback and the degree of compensation. It also implies a close relationship between the energy balance at the TOA and the ocean thermohaline dynamics. NSF of China [41376007, 41176002, 91337106, 40976007]; National Basic Research Program of China [2012CB955200] SCI(E) EI ARTICLE hjyang@pku.edu.cn 6 2145-2160 29 Journal/Newspaper North Atlantic Sea ice Peking University Institutional Repository (PKU IR) Journal of Climate 29 6 2145 2160 |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
Peking University Institutional Repository (PKU IR) |
op_collection_id |
ftpekinguniv |
language |
English |
topic |
THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION CLOUD FEEDBACK CLIMATE MODELS RADIATIVE FEEDBACKS TROPICAL RESPONSE ENERGY TRANSPORTS EQUABLE CLIMATE NORTH-ATLANTIC FRESH-WATER SEA-ICE |
spellingShingle |
THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION CLOUD FEEDBACK CLIMATE MODELS RADIATIVE FEEDBACKS TROPICAL RESPONSE ENERGY TRANSPORTS EQUABLE CLIMATE NORTH-ATLANTIC FRESH-WATER SEA-ICE Yang, Haijun Zhao, Yingying Liu, Zhengyu Understanding Bjerknes Compensation in Atmosphere and Ocean Heat Transports Using a Coupled Box Model |
topic_facet |
THERMOHALINE CIRCULATION CLOUD FEEDBACK CLIMATE MODELS RADIATIVE FEEDBACKS TROPICAL RESPONSE ENERGY TRANSPORTS EQUABLE CLIMATE NORTH-ATLANTIC FRESH-WATER SEA-ICE |
description |
A coupled box model is used to study the compensation between atmosphere and ocean heat transports. An analytical solution to the Bjerknes compensation (BJC) rate, defined as the ratio of anomalous atmosphere heat transport (AHT) to anomalous ocean heat transport (OHT), is obtained. The BJC rate is determined by local feedback between surface temperature and net heat flux at the top of atmosphere (TOA) and the AHT efficiency. In a stable climate that ensures global energy conservation, the changes between HT and OHT tend to be always out of phase, and the BJC is always valid. This can be demonstrated when the climate is perturbed by freshwater flux. The BJC in this case exhibits three different behaviors: the anomalous AHT can under-compensate, overcompensate, or perfectly compensate the anomalous OHT, depending on the local feedback. Stronger negative local feedback will result in a lower BJC rate. Stronger positive local feedback will result in a larger overcompensation. If zero climate feedback occurs in the system, the AHT will compensate the OHT perfectly. However, the BJC will fail if the climate system is perturbed by heat flux. In this case, the changes in AHT and OHT will be in phase, and their ratio will be closely related to the mean AHT and OHT. In a more realistic situation when the climate is perturbed by both heat and freshwater fluxes, whether the BJC will occur depends largely on the interplay among meridional temperature and salinity gradients and the thermohaline circulation strength. This work explicitly shows that the energy conservation is the intrinsic mechanism of BJC and establishes a specific link between radiative feedback and the degree of compensation. It also implies a close relationship between the energy balance at the TOA and the ocean thermohaline dynamics. NSF of China [41376007, 41176002, 91337106, 40976007]; National Basic Research Program of China [2012CB955200] SCI(E) EI ARTICLE hjyang@pku.edu.cn 6 2145-2160 29 |
author2 |
Yang, HJ (reprint author), Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, 209 Chengfu Rd, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Lab Climate & Ocean Atmosphere Studies, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. Peking Univ, Sch Phys, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, 209 Chengfu Rd, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. Univ Wisconsin, Dept Atmospher & Ocean Sci, Madison, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin, Nelson Ctr Climate Res, Madison, WI USA. |
format |
Journal/Newspaper |
author |
Yang, Haijun Zhao, Yingying Liu, Zhengyu |
author_facet |
Yang, Haijun Zhao, Yingying Liu, Zhengyu |
author_sort |
Yang, Haijun |
title |
Understanding Bjerknes Compensation in Atmosphere and Ocean Heat Transports Using a Coupled Box Model |
title_short |
Understanding Bjerknes Compensation in Atmosphere and Ocean Heat Transports Using a Coupled Box Model |
title_full |
Understanding Bjerknes Compensation in Atmosphere and Ocean Heat Transports Using a Coupled Box Model |
title_fullStr |
Understanding Bjerknes Compensation in Atmosphere and Ocean Heat Transports Using a Coupled Box Model |
title_full_unstemmed |
Understanding Bjerknes Compensation in Atmosphere and Ocean Heat Transports Using a Coupled Box Model |
title_sort |
understanding bjerknes compensation in atmosphere and ocean heat transports using a coupled box model |
publisher |
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE |
publishDate |
2016 |
url |
https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11897/437619 https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0281.1 |
genre |
North Atlantic Sea ice |
genre_facet |
North Atlantic Sea ice |
op_source |
SCI EI |
op_relation |
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE.2016,29,(6),2145-2160. 1395088 0894-8755 http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11897/437619 1520-0442 doi:10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0281.1 WOS:000375786600011 |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/20.500.11897/437619 https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0281.1 |
container_title |
Journal of Climate |
container_volume |
29 |
container_issue |
6 |
container_start_page |
2145 |
op_container_end_page |
2160 |
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1766136622540128256 |