Seawater carbonate chemistry and gamete quality and window of fertilisation in Atlantic cod

• Main Authors: Dahlke, Flemming, Puvanendran, Velmurugu, Mortensen, Atle, Pörtner, Hans-Otto, Storch, Daniela
• Format: Dataset
• Language: English
• Published: PANGAEA 2022
• Subjects: Alkalinity; total; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Barents_Sea; Bicarbonate ion; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon; inorganic; dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chordata; Coast and continental shelf; Eggs; diameter; Egg stages; EXP; Experiment; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gadus morhua; Identification; Laboratory experiment; Mesocosm or benthocosm; Nekton; North Atlantic; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; Polar; Reproduction; Salinity; Single species; Species; unique identification; unique identification (Semantic URI); unique identification (URI); Temperature; water; Type; atlantic cod; Ocean acidification
• Online Access: https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.949249; https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.949249

Impacts of global warming and CO2-related ocean acidification (OA) on fish reproduction may include chronic effects on gametogenesis and gamete quality, as well as acute effects on external fertilisation. Here, temperature thresholds and OA-sensitivity of gametogenesis and fertilisation were investigated in Atlantic cod, Gadus morhua. Three broodstock groups of farmed cod (FC 1-3) were exposed for three months to three maturation conditions (FC 1: Control, 6°C/400 μatm CO2; FC 2: Warming, 9.5°C/400 μatm; FC 3: Warming & OA, 9.5°C/1100 μatm). In addition, a broodstock group of wild cod (WC) was kept at control conditions to compare the acute temperature window of fertilisation with that of farmed cod (FC 1). Fertilisations were conducted in a temperature-gradient table at ten temperatures (between −1.5 and 12°C) and two CO2 levels (400/1100 μatm). In FC 1 and WC, fertilisation success was relatively high between 0.5°C and 11°C (TRange of ~10.5°C), indicating similar gamete quality in farmed and wild broodstocks kept at control conditions. Exposure of farmed broodstocks to warming (FC 2) and the combination of warming and OA (FC 3) impaired gamete quality, causing a reduction in fertilisation success of −20% (FC 2) and −42% (FC 3) compared to FC 1. The acute temperature window of fertilisation narrowed from FC 1 (TRange = 10.4°C) to FC 2 (TRange = 8.8°C) and FC 3 (TRange = 5.9°C). Acute effects of CO2 on fertilisation success were not significant. This study demonstrates potential climate change impacts on gametogenesis and fertilisation in Atlantic cod, suggesting the loss of spawning habitat in the coming decades.