OceanSODA-UNEXE: Gridded surface ocean carbonate system datasets in the Amazon and Congo River outflows
Within the European Space Agency funded Oceanographic datasets for acidification (OceanSODA) project, the University of Exeter (UNEXE) produced the OceanSODA-UNEXE dataset (v1.0) which is an optimal dataset of the surface ocean carbonate system in the Amazon and Congo River outflows. All four main c...
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Format: | Dataset |
Language: | English |
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PANGAEA
2022
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Online Access: | https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.946888 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.946888 |
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ftpangaea:oai:pangaea.de:doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.946888 |
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record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science |
op_collection_id |
ftpangaea |
language |
English |
topic |
Amazon_River_Outflow Amazon River Amazon River Delta Binary Object Binary Object (File Size) carbonate system CO2 Congo_River_Outflow Congo Fan Congo River dissolved in organic carbon (DIC) Event label Ocean acidification pH remote sensing total alkalinity (TA) |
spellingShingle |
Amazon_River_Outflow Amazon River Amazon River Delta Binary Object Binary Object (File Size) carbonate system CO2 Congo_River_Outflow Congo Fan Congo River dissolved in organic carbon (DIC) Event label Ocean acidification pH remote sensing total alkalinity (TA) Sims, Richard Peter Holding, Thomas Land, Peter Edward Piolle, Jean-Francois Green, Hannah Shutler, Jamie D OceanSODA-UNEXE: Gridded surface ocean carbonate system datasets in the Amazon and Congo River outflows |
topic_facet |
Amazon_River_Outflow Amazon River Amazon River Delta Binary Object Binary Object (File Size) carbonate system CO2 Congo_River_Outflow Congo Fan Congo River dissolved in organic carbon (DIC) Event label Ocean acidification pH remote sensing total alkalinity (TA) |
description |
Within the European Space Agency funded Oceanographic datasets for acidification (OceanSODA) project, the University of Exeter (UNEXE) produced the OceanSODA-UNEXE dataset (v1.0) which is an optimal dataset of the surface ocean carbonate system in the Amazon and Congo River outflows. All four main carbonate system variables, total alkalinity (TA), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) and pH are provided on monthly 1° × 1° grids along with additional carbonate system parameters. The uncertainties within these data have been assessed using independent in situ database (Land et.al 2022). A paper detailing the methodology used to optimally construct and then evaluate this dataset is currently being written. Each netCDF4 dataset file contains 10 or more years of data; the full carbonate system is provided for 2010-2020 in the Amazon outflow (defined as 2°S and 24°N and between 70°W and 31°W) datasets and the full carbonate system is provided for the period 2002-2016 in the Congo outflow (defined as 10°S and 4°N and between 2°W and 16°E). Variables are stored on a 180° by 360° latitude grid with a time dimension (defined as the months from January 1957 to December 2021). Following the methodology of Land et al. (2019), TA and DIC were derived using empirical algorithms from the published literature that use combinations of inputs that include sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface salinity (SSS) datasets and nutrients (silicate (SiO4-), nitrate (NO3-), phosphate (PO4-) or dissolved oxygen (DO). TA and the inputs used to derive it (e.g. SST and SSS) are within the netCDF files prefixed with _TA, whereas DIC and the inputs used to derive it (SST and SSS) are within the netCDF files prefixed with _DIC. The full carbonate system equations (calculating for surface waters) were run twice with PyCO2SYS V1.7 (Humphreys et al., 2022), using the same TA, DIC, SiO4- and PO4- along with the SST and SST datasets from the respective DIC or TA netCDF files. The variables computed with ... |
format |
Dataset |
author |
Sims, Richard Peter Holding, Thomas Land, Peter Edward Piolle, Jean-Francois Green, Hannah Shutler, Jamie D |
author_facet |
Sims, Richard Peter Holding, Thomas Land, Peter Edward Piolle, Jean-Francois Green, Hannah Shutler, Jamie D |
author_sort |
Sims, Richard Peter |
title |
OceanSODA-UNEXE: Gridded surface ocean carbonate system datasets in the Amazon and Congo River outflows |
title_short |
OceanSODA-UNEXE: Gridded surface ocean carbonate system datasets in the Amazon and Congo River outflows |
title_full |
OceanSODA-UNEXE: Gridded surface ocean carbonate system datasets in the Amazon and Congo River outflows |
title_fullStr |
OceanSODA-UNEXE: Gridded surface ocean carbonate system datasets in the Amazon and Congo River outflows |
title_full_unstemmed |
OceanSODA-UNEXE: Gridded surface ocean carbonate system datasets in the Amazon and Congo River outflows |
title_sort |
oceansoda-unexe: gridded surface ocean carbonate system datasets in the amazon and congo river outflows |
publisher |
PANGAEA |
publishDate |
2022 |
url |
https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.946888 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.946888 |
op_coverage |
MEDIAN LATITUDE: -2.850000 * MEDIAN LONGITUDE: -18.500000 * SOUTH-BOUND LATITUDE: -6.000000 * WEST-BOUND LONGITUDE: -49.300000 * NORTH-BOUND LATITUDE: 0.300000 * EAST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 12.300000 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-49.300000,12.300000,0.300000,-6.000000) |
genre |
Ocean acidification |
genre_facet |
Ocean acidification |
op_relation |
Sims, Richard Peter; Holding, Thomas; Land, Peter Edward; Piolle, Jean-Francois; Green, Hannah; Shutler, Jamie D (accepted): OceanSODA-UNEXE: A multi-year gridded Amazon and Congo River outflow surface ocean carbonate system dataset. Earth System Science Data Discussions, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2022-294 JCGM: Evaluation of measurement data - Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (2008). Int. Organ. Stand. Geneva ISBN,, 50, 134 pp Banzon, Viva; Smith, Thomas M; Chin, Toshio Mike; Liu, Chunying; Hankins, William (2016): A long-term record of blended satellite and in situ sea-surface temperature for climate monitoring, modeling and environmental studies. Earth System Science Data, 8(1), 165-176, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-165-2016 Boutin, Jacqueline; Reul, Nicolas; Koehler, Juliana; Martin, A; Catany, R; Guimbard, S; Rouffi, F; Arias, M; Chakroun, M; Corato, G; Estella-Perez, V; Hasson, A; Josey, Simon A; Khvorostyanov, D; Kolodziejczyk, N; Mignot, J; Olivier, L; Reverdin, Gilles; Stammer, Detlef; Supply, A; Thouvenin-Masson, C; Turiel, Antonio; Vialard, J; Cipollini, P; Donlon, Craig; Sabia, Roberto; Mecklenburg, Sabine (2021): Satellite‐Based Sea Surface Salinity Designed for Ocean and Climate Studies. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 126(11), https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JC017676 Boutin, Jacqueline; Vergely, J L; Reul, Nicolas; Catany, R; Koehler, Juliana; Martin, A; Rouffi, F; Arias, Manuel; Chakroun, M; Estella-Perez, V; Guimbard, S; Hasson, A; Josey, Simon A; Khvorostyanov, D; Kolodziejczyk, N; Mignot, J; Olivier, L; Reverdin, Gilles; Stammer, Detlef; Supply, A; Thouvenin-Masson, C; Turiel, Antonio; Vialard, J; Cipollini, P; Donlon, Craig (2020): ESA Sea Surface Salinity Climate Change Initiative (Sea_Surface_Salinity_cci): Weekly sea surface salinity product, v2.31, for 2010 to 2019. Gaillard, Fabienne; Reynaud, Thierry; Thierry, Virginie; Kolodziejczyk, N; von Schuckmann, Karina (2016): In Situ–Based Reanalysis of the Global Ocean Temperature and Salinity with ISAS: Variability of the Heat Content and Steric Height. Journal of Climate, 29(4), 1305-1323, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0028.1 Garcia, Herman; Boyer, Timothy P; Locarnini, Ricardo A; Antonov, John; Mishonov, Alexey V; Baranova, O; Zweng, M M; Reagan, James R; Johnson, D R; Levitus, Sydney (2013): World ocean atlas 2013. Volume 3, Dissolved oxygen, apparent oxygen utilization, and oxygen saturation. In: Levitus, S. (Ed.), Mishonov,A. (Technical Ed.), NOAA Atlas NESDIS 75, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 27 pp., https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/14849 Garcia, Herman; Locarnini, Ricardo A; Boyer, Timothy P; Antonov, John; Baranova, O; Zweng, M M; Reagan, James R; Johnson, D R; Mishonov, Alexey V; Levitus, Sydney (2013): World ocean atlas 2013. Volume 4, Dissolved inorganic nutrients (phosphate, nitrate, silicate). Good, Simon A; Embury, O; Bulgin, C; Mittaz, J (2019): ESA sea surface temperature climate change Initiative (SST_CCI): Level 4 analysis climate data record, version 2.1. Centre for Environmental Data Analysis Huang, Boyin; Liu, Chunying; Banzon, Viva; Freeman, J Eric; Graham, Garrett; Hankins, Bill; Smith, Tom; Zhang, Huai-Min (2021): Improvements of the Daily Optimum Interpolation Sea Surface Temperature (DOISST) Version 2.1. Journal of Climate, 34(8), 2923-2939, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-20-0166.1 Humphreys, Matthew P; Lewis, Ernie R; Sharples, Jonathan; Pierrot, Denis (2022): PyCO2SYS v1.8: marine carbonate system calculations in Python. Geoscientific Model Development, 15(1), 15-43, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-15-2022 Land, Peter Edward; Findlay, Helen S; Shutler, Jamie D; Ashton, Ian G C; Holding, Thomas; Grouazel, Antoine; Girard-Ardhuin, Fanny; Reul, Nicolas; Piolle, Jean-Francois; Chapron, Bertrand; Quilfen, Yves; Bellerby, Richard G J; Bhadury, Punyasloke; Salisbury, Joseph; Vandemark, Douglas C; Sabia, Roberto (2019): Optimum satellite remote sensing of the marine carbonate system using empirical algorithms in the global ocean, the Greater Caribbean, the Amazon Plume and the Bay of Bengal. Remote Sensing of Environment, 235, 111469, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2019.111469 Land, Peter Edward; Findlay, Helen S; Shutler, Jamie D; Piolle, Jean-Francois; Sims, Richard Peter; Green, Hannah; Kitidis, Vassilis; Polukhin, Alexander; Pipko, Irina I (2023): OceanSODA-MDB: a standardised surface ocean carbonate system dataset for model–data intercomparisons. Earth System Science Data, 15(2), 921-947, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2022-129 Meissner, Thomas; Wentz, Frank J (2019): RSS SMAP Level 3 Sea Surface Salinity Standard Mapped Image 8-Day Running Mean V4.0 Validated Dataset. NASA Physical Oceanography DAAC, https://doi.org/10.5067/SMP40-3SPCS Meissner, Thomas; Wentz, Frank J; Le Vine, David M (2018): The Salinity Retrieval Algorithms for the NASA Aquarius Version 5 and SMAP Version 3 Releases. Remote Sensing, 10(7), 1121, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10071121 Merchant, Christopher J; Embury, O; Bulgin, C; Block, Thomas; Corlett, Gary K; Fiedler, Emma; Good, Simon A; Mittaz, J; Rayner, Nick A; Berry, David I; Eastwood, Steiner; Taylor, M; Tsushima, Yoko; Waterfall, Alison; Wilson, Ruth; Donlon, Craig (2019): Satellite-based time-series of sea-surface temperature since 1981 for climate applications. Scientific Data, 6(1), 223, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0236-x Szekely, Tanguy; Gourrion, Jerome; Pouliquen, Sylvie; Reverdin, Gilles (2019): CORA, Coriolis Ocean Dataset for Reanalysis. SEANOE, https://doi.org/10.17882/46219 Zeebe, Richard E; Wolf-Gladrow, Dieter A (2001): CO2 in Seawater: Equilibrium, Kinetics, Isotopes. Imprint: Elsevier Science, 65, 360 RedMe - OceanSODA-UNEXE: Gridded surface ocean carbonate system datasets in the Amazon and Congo River outflows (URI: https://download.pangaea.de/reference/114875/attachments/ReadMe) https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.946888 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.946888 |
op_rights |
CC-BY-4.0: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Access constraints: unrestricted info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.94688810.5194/essd-2022-29410.5194/essd-8-165-201610.1029/2021JC01767610.1175/JCLI-D-15-0028.110.1175/JCLI-D-20-0166.110.5194/gmd-15-15-202210.1016/j.rse.2019.11146910.5194/essd-2022-12910.5067/SMP40-3SPCS10.3390/rs10071121 |
_version_ |
1810469848732401664 |
spelling |
ftpangaea:oai:pangaea.de:doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.946888 2024-09-15T18:28:28+00:00 OceanSODA-UNEXE: Gridded surface ocean carbonate system datasets in the Amazon and Congo River outflows Sims, Richard Peter Holding, Thomas Land, Peter Edward Piolle, Jean-Francois Green, Hannah Shutler, Jamie D MEDIAN LATITUDE: -2.850000 * MEDIAN LONGITUDE: -18.500000 * SOUTH-BOUND LATITUDE: -6.000000 * WEST-BOUND LONGITUDE: -49.300000 * NORTH-BOUND LATITUDE: 0.300000 * EAST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 12.300000 2022 text/tab-separated-values, 4 data points https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.946888 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.946888 en eng PANGAEA Sims, Richard Peter; Holding, Thomas; Land, Peter Edward; Piolle, Jean-Francois; Green, Hannah; Shutler, Jamie D (accepted): OceanSODA-UNEXE: A multi-year gridded Amazon and Congo River outflow surface ocean carbonate system dataset. Earth System Science Data Discussions, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2022-294 JCGM: Evaluation of measurement data - Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement (2008). Int. Organ. Stand. Geneva ISBN,, 50, 134 pp Banzon, Viva; Smith, Thomas M; Chin, Toshio Mike; Liu, Chunying; Hankins, William (2016): A long-term record of blended satellite and in situ sea-surface temperature for climate monitoring, modeling and environmental studies. Earth System Science Data, 8(1), 165-176, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-8-165-2016 Boutin, Jacqueline; Reul, Nicolas; Koehler, Juliana; Martin, A; Catany, R; Guimbard, S; Rouffi, F; Arias, M; Chakroun, M; Corato, G; Estella-Perez, V; Hasson, A; Josey, Simon A; Khvorostyanov, D; Kolodziejczyk, N; Mignot, J; Olivier, L; Reverdin, Gilles; Stammer, Detlef; Supply, A; Thouvenin-Masson, C; Turiel, Antonio; Vialard, J; Cipollini, P; Donlon, Craig; Sabia, Roberto; Mecklenburg, Sabine (2021): Satellite‐Based Sea Surface Salinity Designed for Ocean and Climate Studies. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans, 126(11), https://doi.org/10.1029/2021JC017676 Boutin, Jacqueline; Vergely, J L; Reul, Nicolas; Catany, R; Koehler, Juliana; Martin, A; Rouffi, F; Arias, Manuel; Chakroun, M; Estella-Perez, V; Guimbard, S; Hasson, A; Josey, Simon A; Khvorostyanov, D; Kolodziejczyk, N; Mignot, J; Olivier, L; Reverdin, Gilles; Stammer, Detlef; Supply, A; Thouvenin-Masson, C; Turiel, Antonio; Vialard, J; Cipollini, P; Donlon, Craig (2020): ESA Sea Surface Salinity Climate Change Initiative (Sea_Surface_Salinity_cci): Weekly sea surface salinity product, v2.31, for 2010 to 2019. Gaillard, Fabienne; Reynaud, Thierry; Thierry, Virginie; Kolodziejczyk, N; von Schuckmann, Karina (2016): In Situ–Based Reanalysis of the Global Ocean Temperature and Salinity with ISAS: Variability of the Heat Content and Steric Height. Journal of Climate, 29(4), 1305-1323, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-15-0028.1 Garcia, Herman; Boyer, Timothy P; Locarnini, Ricardo A; Antonov, John; Mishonov, Alexey V; Baranova, O; Zweng, M M; Reagan, James R; Johnson, D R; Levitus, Sydney (2013): World ocean atlas 2013. Volume 3, Dissolved oxygen, apparent oxygen utilization, and oxygen saturation. In: Levitus, S. (Ed.), Mishonov,A. (Technical Ed.), NOAA Atlas NESDIS 75, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 27 pp., https://repository.library.noaa.gov/view/noaa/14849 Garcia, Herman; Locarnini, Ricardo A; Boyer, Timothy P; Antonov, John; Baranova, O; Zweng, M M; Reagan, James R; Johnson, D R; Mishonov, Alexey V; Levitus, Sydney (2013): World ocean atlas 2013. Volume 4, Dissolved inorganic nutrients (phosphate, nitrate, silicate). Good, Simon A; Embury, O; Bulgin, C; Mittaz, J (2019): ESA sea surface temperature climate change Initiative (SST_CCI): Level 4 analysis climate data record, version 2.1. Centre for Environmental Data Analysis Huang, Boyin; Liu, Chunying; Banzon, Viva; Freeman, J Eric; Graham, Garrett; Hankins, Bill; Smith, Tom; Zhang, Huai-Min (2021): Improvements of the Daily Optimum Interpolation Sea Surface Temperature (DOISST) Version 2.1. Journal of Climate, 34(8), 2923-2939, https://doi.org/10.1175/JCLI-D-20-0166.1 Humphreys, Matthew P; Lewis, Ernie R; Sharples, Jonathan; Pierrot, Denis (2022): PyCO2SYS v1.8: marine carbonate system calculations in Python. Geoscientific Model Development, 15(1), 15-43, https://doi.org/10.5194/gmd-15-15-2022 Land, Peter Edward; Findlay, Helen S; Shutler, Jamie D; Ashton, Ian G C; Holding, Thomas; Grouazel, Antoine; Girard-Ardhuin, Fanny; Reul, Nicolas; Piolle, Jean-Francois; Chapron, Bertrand; Quilfen, Yves; Bellerby, Richard G J; Bhadury, Punyasloke; Salisbury, Joseph; Vandemark, Douglas C; Sabia, Roberto (2019): Optimum satellite remote sensing of the marine carbonate system using empirical algorithms in the global ocean, the Greater Caribbean, the Amazon Plume and the Bay of Bengal. Remote Sensing of Environment, 235, 111469, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2019.111469 Land, Peter Edward; Findlay, Helen S; Shutler, Jamie D; Piolle, Jean-Francois; Sims, Richard Peter; Green, Hannah; Kitidis, Vassilis; Polukhin, Alexander; Pipko, Irina I (2023): OceanSODA-MDB: a standardised surface ocean carbonate system dataset for model–data intercomparisons. Earth System Science Data, 15(2), 921-947, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-2022-129 Meissner, Thomas; Wentz, Frank J (2019): RSS SMAP Level 3 Sea Surface Salinity Standard Mapped Image 8-Day Running Mean V4.0 Validated Dataset. NASA Physical Oceanography DAAC, https://doi.org/10.5067/SMP40-3SPCS Meissner, Thomas; Wentz, Frank J; Le Vine, David M (2018): The Salinity Retrieval Algorithms for the NASA Aquarius Version 5 and SMAP Version 3 Releases. Remote Sensing, 10(7), 1121, https://doi.org/10.3390/rs10071121 Merchant, Christopher J; Embury, O; Bulgin, C; Block, Thomas; Corlett, Gary K; Fiedler, Emma; Good, Simon A; Mittaz, J; Rayner, Nick A; Berry, David I; Eastwood, Steiner; Taylor, M; Tsushima, Yoko; Waterfall, Alison; Wilson, Ruth; Donlon, Craig (2019): Satellite-based time-series of sea-surface temperature since 1981 for climate applications. Scientific Data, 6(1), 223, https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-019-0236-x Szekely, Tanguy; Gourrion, Jerome; Pouliquen, Sylvie; Reverdin, Gilles (2019): CORA, Coriolis Ocean Dataset for Reanalysis. SEANOE, https://doi.org/10.17882/46219 Zeebe, Richard E; Wolf-Gladrow, Dieter A (2001): CO2 in Seawater: Equilibrium, Kinetics, Isotopes. Imprint: Elsevier Science, 65, 360 RedMe - OceanSODA-UNEXE: Gridded surface ocean carbonate system datasets in the Amazon and Congo River outflows (URI: https://download.pangaea.de/reference/114875/attachments/ReadMe) https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.946888 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.946888 CC-BY-4.0: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Access constraints: unrestricted info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Amazon_River_Outflow Amazon River Amazon River Delta Binary Object Binary Object (File Size) carbonate system CO2 Congo_River_Outflow Congo Fan Congo River dissolved in organic carbon (DIC) Event label Ocean acidification pH remote sensing total alkalinity (TA) dataset 2022 ftpangaea https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.94688810.5194/essd-2022-29410.5194/essd-8-165-201610.1029/2021JC01767610.1175/JCLI-D-15-0028.110.1175/JCLI-D-20-0166.110.5194/gmd-15-15-202210.1016/j.rse.2019.11146910.5194/essd-2022-12910.5067/SMP40-3SPCS10.3390/rs10071121 2024-07-24T02:31:34Z Within the European Space Agency funded Oceanographic datasets for acidification (OceanSODA) project, the University of Exeter (UNEXE) produced the OceanSODA-UNEXE dataset (v1.0) which is an optimal dataset of the surface ocean carbonate system in the Amazon and Congo River outflows. All four main carbonate system variables, total alkalinity (TA), dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC), the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2) and pH are provided on monthly 1° × 1° grids along with additional carbonate system parameters. The uncertainties within these data have been assessed using independent in situ database (Land et.al 2022). A paper detailing the methodology used to optimally construct and then evaluate this dataset is currently being written. Each netCDF4 dataset file contains 10 or more years of data; the full carbonate system is provided for 2010-2020 in the Amazon outflow (defined as 2°S and 24°N and between 70°W and 31°W) datasets and the full carbonate system is provided for the period 2002-2016 in the Congo outflow (defined as 10°S and 4°N and between 2°W and 16°E). Variables are stored on a 180° by 360° latitude grid with a time dimension (defined as the months from January 1957 to December 2021). Following the methodology of Land et al. (2019), TA and DIC were derived using empirical algorithms from the published literature that use combinations of inputs that include sea surface temperature (SST), sea surface salinity (SSS) datasets and nutrients (silicate (SiO4-), nitrate (NO3-), phosphate (PO4-) or dissolved oxygen (DO). TA and the inputs used to derive it (e.g. SST and SSS) are within the netCDF files prefixed with _TA, whereas DIC and the inputs used to derive it (SST and SSS) are within the netCDF files prefixed with _DIC. The full carbonate system equations (calculating for surface waters) were run twice with PyCO2SYS V1.7 (Humphreys et al., 2022), using the same TA, DIC, SiO4- and PO4- along with the SST and SST datasets from the respective DIC or TA netCDF files. The variables computed with ... Dataset Ocean acidification PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science ENVELOPE(-49.300000,12.300000,0.300000,-6.000000) |