Seawater carbonate chemistry and allele frequencygene, expression plasticity, genetic diversity and egg production rate of marine copepod

• Main Authors: Brennan, Reid S, deMayo, James A, Dam, Hans G, Finiguerra, Michael B, Baumann, Hannes, Pespeni, Melissa H
• Format: Dataset
• Language: English
• Published: PANGAEA 2022
• Subjects: Acartia tonsa; Alkalinity; total; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Arthropoda; Bicarbonate ion; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon; inorganic; dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Coast and continental shelf; Counts; Development; Egg production rate per female; Eggs; hatched; unhatched; Esker_Point_Beach; Figure; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gene expression (incl. proteomics); Generation; Group; Hatching frequency; Identification; Laboratory experiment; Mortality/Survival; North Atlantic; Nucleotide diversity; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Other; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; Phytoplankton; biomass as carbon; Principal component 1; Principal component 2; Proportion of survival; Replicate; Reproduction; Reproductive rate; Ocean acidification
• Online Access: https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.946063; https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.946063

Adaptive evolution and phenotypic plasticity will fuel resilience in the geologically unprecedented warming and acidification of the earth's oceans, however, we have much to learn about the interactions and costs of these mechanisms of resilience. Here, using 20 generations of experimental evolution followed by three generations of reciprocal transplants, we investigated the relationship between adaptation and plasticity in the marine copepod, Acartia tonsa, in future global change conditions (high temperature and high CO2). We found parallel adaptation to global change conditions in genes related to stress response, gene expression regulation, actin regulation, developmental processes, and energy production. However, reciprocal transplantation showed that adaptation resulted in a loss of transcriptional plasticity, reduced fecundity, and reduced population growth when global change-adapted animals were returned to ambient conditions or reared in low food conditions. However, after three successive transplant generations, global change-adapted animals were able to match the ambient-adaptive transcriptional profile. Concurrent changes in allele frequencies and erosion of nucleotide diversity suggest that this recovery occurred via adaptation back to ancestral conditions. These results demonstrate that while plasticity facilitated initial survival in global change conditions, it eroded after 20 generations as populations adapted, limiting resilience to new stressors and previously benign environments.