Seawater carbonate chemistry and reproductive success of giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera)

• Main Authors: Hollarsmith, Jordan A, Buschmann, Alejandro H, Camus, Carolina, Grosholz, Edwin D
• Format: Dataset
• Language: English
• Published: PANGAEA 2020
• Subjects: Alkalinity; total; Aragonite saturation state; Benthos; Bicarbonate ion; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon; inorganic; dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chromista; Coast and continental shelf; Date; Eggs; Event label; EXP; Experiment; Female; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Hemisphere; Laboratory experiment; Las_Cruces_OA; Las_Docas; Location; Macroalgae; Macrocystis pyrifera; Male; Mendocino; Monterey_Bay_OA; Name; North Pacific; Number; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Ochrophyta; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); pH; Punta_Lavapie_OA; Quinchao; Registration number of species; Replicate; Reproduction; Salinity; San_Diego_OA; Single species; South Pacific; Pacific; Ocean acidification
• Online Access: https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.918084; https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.918084

Understanding how climate change may influence ecosystems depends substantially on its effects on foundation species, such as the ecologically important giant kelp (Macrocystis pyrifera). Despite its broad distribution along strong temperature and pH gradients and strong barriers to dispersal, the potential for local adaptation to climate change variables among kelp populations remains poorly understood. We assessed this potential by exposing giant kelp early life stages from genetically disparate populations in Chile and California to current and projected temperature and pH levels in common garden experiments. We observed high resistance at the haploid life stage to elevated temperatures with developmental failure appearing at the egg and sporophyte production stages among Chilean and high-latitude California populations, suggesting a greater vulnerability to climate- or ENSO-driven warming events. Additionally, populations that experience low pH events via strong upwelling, internal waves, or estuarine processes, produced more eggs per female under experimental low-pH conditions, which could increase fertilization success. These results enhance our ability to predict population extinctions and ecosystem range shifts under projected declines in ocean pH and increases in ocean temperature.