Cryogenic gypsum collected during PS106-1/2 in 2017
To date observations on a single location indicate that cryogenic gypsum (Ca[SO4]·2H2O) may constitute an efficient but hitherto overlooked ballasting mineral enhancing the efficiency of the biological carbon pump in the Arctic Ocean. In June-July 2017 we sampled cryogenic gypsum under pack-ice in t...
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ftpangaea:oai:pangaea.de:doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.916035 2023-05-15T14:23:45+02:00 Cryogenic gypsum collected during PS106-1/2 in 2017 Wollenburg, Jutta E Iversen, Morten Hvitfeldt MEDIAN LATITUDE: 80.467935 * MEDIAN LONGITUDE: 25.041092 * SOUTH-BOUND LATITUDE: 78.102370 * WEST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 10.690680 * NORTH-BOUND LATITUDE: 81.731000 * EAST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 32.455800 * DATE/TIME START: 2017-06-15T06:41:00 * DATE/TIME END: 2017-07-12T15:16:00 2020-05-08 application/zip, 19 datasets https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.916035 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.916035 en eng PANGAEA Wollenburg, Jutta E; Iversen, Morten Hvitfeldt; Katlein, Christian; Krumpen, Thomas; Nicolaus, Marcel; Castellani, Giulia; Peeken, Ilka; Flores, Hauke (accepted): New observations of the distribution, morphology and dissolution dynamics of cryogenic gypsum in the Arctic Ocean. The Cryosphere, 14 Arctic water masses simulating dissolution experiments (URI: https://store.pangaea.de/Publications/WollenburgJ-etal_2020/Arctic_water_masses_simulating_dissolution_experiments.xlsx) Size-Specific settling velocities - cryogenic gypsum (URI: https://store.pangaea.de/Publications/WollenburgJ-etal_2020/size-specifc_settling_velocities.xlsx) https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.916035 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.916035 CC-BY-4.0: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Access constraints: unrestricted info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC-BY cryogenic gypsum morphology settling velocity Dataset 2020 ftpangaea https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.916035 2023-01-20T07:34:32Z To date observations on a single location indicate that cryogenic gypsum (Ca[SO4]·2H2O) may constitute an efficient but hitherto overlooked ballasting mineral enhancing the efficiency of the biological carbon pump in the Arctic Ocean. In June-July 2017 we sampled cryogenic gypsum under pack-ice in the Nansen Basin north of Svalbard using a plankton net mounted on a Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROVnet). Cryogenic gypsum crystals were present at all sampled stations, which suggested a persisting cryogenic gypsum release from melting sea ice throughout the investigated area. This was supported by a sea-ice backtracking model indicating that gypsum release was not related to a specific region of sea ice formation. The observed cryogenic gypsum crystals exhibited a large variability in morphology and size, with the largest crystals exceeding a length of 1 cm. Preservation, temperature and pressure laboratory studies revealed that gypsum dissolution rates accelerated with increasing temperature and pressure, ranging from 6% d-1 by mass in Polar Surface Water (-0.5 °C) to 81% d-1 by mass in Atlantic Water (2.5 °C at 65 bar). When testing the preservation of gypsum in Formaldehyde-fixed samples we observed immediate dissolution. Dissolution at warmer temperatures and through inappropriate preservation media may thus explain why cryogenic gypsum was not observed in scientific samples previously. Direct measurements of gypsum crystal sinking velocities ranged between 200 and 7000 m d-1, suggesting that gypsum-loaded marine aggregates could rapidly sink from the surface to abyssal depths, supporting the hypothesised potential of gypsum as a ballasting mineral in the Arctic Ocean. Dataset Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Nansen Basin Sea ice Svalbard The Cryosphere PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science Arctic Arctic Ocean Svalbard ENVELOPE(10.690680,32.455800,81.731000,78.102370) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science |
op_collection_id |
ftpangaea |
language |
English |
topic |
cryogenic gypsum morphology settling velocity |
spellingShingle |
cryogenic gypsum morphology settling velocity Wollenburg, Jutta E Iversen, Morten Hvitfeldt Cryogenic gypsum collected during PS106-1/2 in 2017 |
topic_facet |
cryogenic gypsum morphology settling velocity |
description |
To date observations on a single location indicate that cryogenic gypsum (Ca[SO4]·2H2O) may constitute an efficient but hitherto overlooked ballasting mineral enhancing the efficiency of the biological carbon pump in the Arctic Ocean. In June-July 2017 we sampled cryogenic gypsum under pack-ice in the Nansen Basin north of Svalbard using a plankton net mounted on a Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROVnet). Cryogenic gypsum crystals were present at all sampled stations, which suggested a persisting cryogenic gypsum release from melting sea ice throughout the investigated area. This was supported by a sea-ice backtracking model indicating that gypsum release was not related to a specific region of sea ice formation. The observed cryogenic gypsum crystals exhibited a large variability in morphology and size, with the largest crystals exceeding a length of 1 cm. Preservation, temperature and pressure laboratory studies revealed that gypsum dissolution rates accelerated with increasing temperature and pressure, ranging from 6% d-1 by mass in Polar Surface Water (-0.5 °C) to 81% d-1 by mass in Atlantic Water (2.5 °C at 65 bar). When testing the preservation of gypsum in Formaldehyde-fixed samples we observed immediate dissolution. Dissolution at warmer temperatures and through inappropriate preservation media may thus explain why cryogenic gypsum was not observed in scientific samples previously. Direct measurements of gypsum crystal sinking velocities ranged between 200 and 7000 m d-1, suggesting that gypsum-loaded marine aggregates could rapidly sink from the surface to abyssal depths, supporting the hypothesised potential of gypsum as a ballasting mineral in the Arctic Ocean. |
format |
Dataset |
author |
Wollenburg, Jutta E Iversen, Morten Hvitfeldt |
author_facet |
Wollenburg, Jutta E Iversen, Morten Hvitfeldt |
author_sort |
Wollenburg, Jutta E |
title |
Cryogenic gypsum collected during PS106-1/2 in 2017 |
title_short |
Cryogenic gypsum collected during PS106-1/2 in 2017 |
title_full |
Cryogenic gypsum collected during PS106-1/2 in 2017 |
title_fullStr |
Cryogenic gypsum collected during PS106-1/2 in 2017 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Cryogenic gypsum collected during PS106-1/2 in 2017 |
title_sort |
cryogenic gypsum collected during ps106-1/2 in 2017 |
publisher |
PANGAEA |
publishDate |
2020 |
url |
https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.916035 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.916035 |
op_coverage |
MEDIAN LATITUDE: 80.467935 * MEDIAN LONGITUDE: 25.041092 * SOUTH-BOUND LATITUDE: 78.102370 * WEST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 10.690680 * NORTH-BOUND LATITUDE: 81.731000 * EAST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 32.455800 * DATE/TIME START: 2017-06-15T06:41:00 * DATE/TIME END: 2017-07-12T15:16:00 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(10.690680,32.455800,81.731000,78.102370) |
geographic |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Svalbard |
geographic_facet |
Arctic Arctic Ocean Svalbard |
genre |
Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Nansen Basin Sea ice Svalbard The Cryosphere |
genre_facet |
Arctic Arctic Arctic Ocean Nansen Basin Sea ice Svalbard The Cryosphere |
op_relation |
Wollenburg, Jutta E; Iversen, Morten Hvitfeldt; Katlein, Christian; Krumpen, Thomas; Nicolaus, Marcel; Castellani, Giulia; Peeken, Ilka; Flores, Hauke (accepted): New observations of the distribution, morphology and dissolution dynamics of cryogenic gypsum in the Arctic Ocean. The Cryosphere, 14 Arctic water masses simulating dissolution experiments (URI: https://store.pangaea.de/Publications/WollenburgJ-etal_2020/Arctic_water_masses_simulating_dissolution_experiments.xlsx) Size-Specific settling velocities - cryogenic gypsum (URI: https://store.pangaea.de/Publications/WollenburgJ-etal_2020/size-specifc_settling_velocities.xlsx) https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.916035 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.916035 |
op_rights |
CC-BY-4.0: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Access constraints: unrestricted info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.916035 |
_version_ |
1766296250344275968 |