Seawater carbonate chemistry and the diversity indexes of the microbiota of the intestinal fluid of Sparus aurata

• Main Authors: Fonseca, Filomena, Cerqueira, Ricardo, Fuentes, Juan
• Format: Dataset
• Language: English
• Published: PANGAEA 2019
• Subjects: Accession number; Alkalinity; total; standard deviation; Animalia; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2calc; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon; inorganic; dissolved; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chao 1 richness; Chordata; Coast and continental shelf; Containers and aquaria (20-1000 L or < 1 m**2); Experiment duration; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Laboratory experiment; Mediterranean Sea; Nekton; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Operational taxonomic unit; Other studied parameter or process; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Pelagos; pH; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Reads; Registration number of species; Salinity; Sample ID; Shannon Diversity Index; Simpson index of diversity; Single species; Sparus aurata; Ocean acidification
• Online Access: https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.910337; https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.910337

Within a scenario of increasing atmospheric CO2 and ocean acidification (OA), it is highly relevant to investigate its impacts not only on fish performance but also on fish intestinal microbiome and how that reflects on host performance and health. The main objective of this study was to establish if the intestinal microbiota of the sea bream (Sparus aurata) was affected by high level of CO2 in line with the predictions for this century. The bacterial communities of the intestinal fluid were characterized in animals kept at the present-day level of CO2 (400 μatm) and in animals switched to high CO2 (1200 μatm) for 1 month. Bacterial taxa identification was based on molecular methods, using the DNA coding for the 16S ribosomal RNA and primers targeting the regions V1–V3. Amplicons obtained from DNA samples of animals in the same tank were combined, cloned to obtain a bacterial DNA library, and the clones were sequenced. No significant differences were found between the two treatments for alpha diversity. However, beta diversity analysis revealed distinct dysbiosis in response to hypercapnia, with phylum Firmicutes absent from the bacterial communities of fish exposed to 1200 μatm CO2, whereas Proteobacteria relative abundance was increased at elevated CO2, due to the presence of Gammaproteobacteria (Vibrionaceae and Alteromonadaceae), a class not present in the control samples. This study provides a first glimpse at the impact of OA in fish intestinal microbiota and highlights potential downstream effects to the general condition of fishes under hypercapnia.