Grain-size, lithic grains, foraminifera-derived and dinocyst-derived data of sediment core MD99-2281

• Main Authors: Wary, Mélanie, Eynaud, Frédérique, Sabine, Christopher L, Zaragosi, Sebastien, Rossignol, Pascale E, Malaizé, Bruno, Palis, Edouard, Zumaque, Jena, Caulle, Clémence, Penaud, Aurélie, Michel, Elisabeth, Charlier, Karine
• Format: Dataset
• Language: English
• Published: PANGAEA 2015
• Subjects: 63F/NL; AGE; CALYPSO; Calypso Corer; Counting <150 µm; Counting >150 µm fraction; DEPTH; sediment/rock; Dinoflagellate cyst per volume; Faeroes Bank; Foraminifera; benthic; planktic; Grain size; Mastersizer S; Malvern Instrument Inc.; mean; IMAGES V; Lithic grains; Marion Dufresne (1995); Mass spectrometer Optima Micromass; MD114; MD99-2281; Modern analog technique (MAT); Neogloboquadrina pachyderma sinistral; δ18O; Percentile 10; Percentile 50; Percentile 90; Ratio; Sea surface salinity; summer; winter; Sea surface temperature; Subsurface temperature; Greenland; Dansgaard-Oeschger events; Neogloboquadrina pachyderma; North Atlantic
• Online Access: https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.857750; https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.857750

The last glacial period was punctuated by abrupt climatic events with extrema known as Heinrich and Dansgaard-Oeschger events. These millennial events have been the subject of many paleoreconstructions and model experiments in the past decades, but yet the hydrological processes involved remain elusive. In the present work, high-resolution analyses were conducted on the 12-42 ka BP section of core MD99-2281 retrieved southwest of the Faeroe Islands, and combined with analyses conducted in two previous studies (Zumaque et al., 2012; Caulle et al., 2013). Such a multiproxy approach, coupling micropaleontological, geochemical and sedimentological analyses, allows us to track surface, subsurface, and deep hydrological processes occurring during these rapid climatic changes. Records indicate that the coldest episodes of the studied period (Greenland stadials and Heinrich stadials) were characterized by a strong stratification of surface waters. This surface stratification seems to have played a key role in the dynamics of subsurface and deep-water masses. Indeed, periods of high surface stratification are marked by a coupling of subsurface and deep circulations which sharply weaken at the beginning of stadials, while surface conditions progressively deteriorate throughout these cold episodes; conversely, periods of decreasing surface stratification (Greenland interstadials) are characterized by a coupling of surface and deep hydrological processes, with progressively milder surface conditions and gradual intensification of the deep circulation, while the vigor of the subsurface northward Atlantic flow remains constantly high. Our results also reveal different and atypical hydrological signatures during Heinrich stadials (HSs): while HS1 and HS4 exhibit a "usual" scheme with reduced overturning circulation, a relatively active North Atlantic circulation seems to have prevailed during HS2, and HS3 seems to have experienced a re-intensification of this circulation during the middle of the event. Our findings thus bring ...