(Table 2) Picked maximum velocities from 3 radars (RAY, SHK, and SUM), showing 10 explosions at Erebus volcano, Antarctica, and their respective directivity vectors
We used a novel system of three continuous wave Doppler radars to successfully record the directivity of i) Strombolian explosions from the active lava lake of Erebus volcano, Antarctica, ii) eruptions at Stromboli volcano, Italy, and iii) a man-made explosion in a quarry. Erebus volcano contains a...
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Language: | English |
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PANGAEA
2008
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Online Access: | https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.847914 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.847914 |
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ftpangaea:oai:pangaea.de:doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.847914 |
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record_format |
openpolar |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science |
op_collection_id |
ftpangaea |
language |
English |
topic |
Azimuth DATE/TIME Doppler radar frequency modulated continuous wave Elevation of event Erebus volcano Antarctica Event label FMCWDR Inclination Latitude of event Longitude of event Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas RAY_radar SHK_radar SPP1158 Standard deviation SUM_radar Velocity Velocity magnitude |
spellingShingle |
Azimuth DATE/TIME Doppler radar frequency modulated continuous wave Elevation of event Erebus volcano Antarctica Event label FMCWDR Inclination Latitude of event Longitude of event Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas RAY_radar SHK_radar SPP1158 Standard deviation SUM_radar Velocity Velocity magnitude Gerst, Alexander Hort, M Kyle, Philip R Vöge, Malte (Table 2) Picked maximum velocities from 3 radars (RAY, SHK, and SUM), showing 10 explosions at Erebus volcano, Antarctica, and their respective directivity vectors |
topic_facet |
Azimuth DATE/TIME Doppler radar frequency modulated continuous wave Elevation of event Erebus volcano Antarctica Event label FMCWDR Inclination Latitude of event Longitude of event Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas RAY_radar SHK_radar SPP1158 Standard deviation SUM_radar Velocity Velocity magnitude |
description |
We used a novel system of three continuous wave Doppler radars to successfully record the directivity of i) Strombolian explosions from the active lava lake of Erebus volcano, Antarctica, ii) eruptions at Stromboli volcano, Italy, and iii) a man-made explosion in a quarry. Erebus volcano contains a convecting phonolite lava lake, presumably connected to a magma chamber at depth. It is one of the few open vent volcanoes that allow a direct observation of source processes during explosions. Its lava lake is the source of frequent violent Strombolian explosions, caused by large gas bubbles bursting at the lake surface. The exact mechanism of these bubble bursts is unclear, as is the mechanism of the creation of the infrasound signal accompanying the explosions. We use the Doppler radar data to calculate the directivity of Strombolian eruptions at Erebus. This allows us to derive information about the expected type of infrasound source pattern (i.e. the role of a dipole in addition to the monopole signature) and the physical structure of the volcano. We recorded 10 large explosions simultaneously with three radars, enabling us to calculate time series of 3D directivity vectors (i.e. effectively 4D), which describe the direction of preferred expansion of the gas bubble during an explosion. Such directivity information allows a comparison to dipole infrasound radiation patterns recorded during similar explosions only a few weeks later. Video observations of explosions support our interpretation of the measurements. We conclude that at Erebus, the directivity of explosions is mainly controlled by random processes. Since the geometry of the uppermost conduit is assumed to have a large effect on the directivity of explosions, the results suggest a largely symmetrical uppermost conduit with a vertical axis of symmetry. For infrasound recordings, a significant dipole signature can be expected in addition to the predominant monopole signature. |
format |
Dataset |
author |
Gerst, Alexander Hort, M Kyle, Philip R Vöge, Malte |
author_facet |
Gerst, Alexander Hort, M Kyle, Philip R Vöge, Malte |
author_sort |
Gerst, Alexander |
title |
(Table 2) Picked maximum velocities from 3 radars (RAY, SHK, and SUM), showing 10 explosions at Erebus volcano, Antarctica, and their respective directivity vectors |
title_short |
(Table 2) Picked maximum velocities from 3 radars (RAY, SHK, and SUM), showing 10 explosions at Erebus volcano, Antarctica, and their respective directivity vectors |
title_full |
(Table 2) Picked maximum velocities from 3 radars (RAY, SHK, and SUM), showing 10 explosions at Erebus volcano, Antarctica, and their respective directivity vectors |
title_fullStr |
(Table 2) Picked maximum velocities from 3 radars (RAY, SHK, and SUM), showing 10 explosions at Erebus volcano, Antarctica, and their respective directivity vectors |
title_full_unstemmed |
(Table 2) Picked maximum velocities from 3 radars (RAY, SHK, and SUM), showing 10 explosions at Erebus volcano, Antarctica, and their respective directivity vectors |
title_sort |
(table 2) picked maximum velocities from 3 radars (ray, shk, and sum), showing 10 explosions at erebus volcano, antarctica, and their respective directivity vectors |
publisher |
PANGAEA |
publishDate |
2008 |
url |
https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.847914 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.847914 |
op_coverage |
MEDIAN LATITUDE: -77.528177 * MEDIAN LONGITUDE: 167.163997 * SOUTH-BOUND LATITUDE: -77.529910 * WEST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 167.156080 * NORTH-BOUND LATITUDE: -77.526050 * EAST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 167.170570 * DATE/TIME START: 2005-12-24T22:20:49 * DATE/TIME END: 2006-01-01T17:46:39 * MINIMUM ELEVATION: 3769.0 m * MAXIMUM ELEVATION: 3790.0 m |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(167.156080,167.170570,-77.526050,-77.529910) |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Sea ice |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Sea ice |
op_source |
Supplement to: Gerst, Alexander; Hort, M; Kyle, Philip R; Vöge, Malte (2008): 4D velocity of Strombolian eruptions and man-made explosions derived from multiple Doppler radar instruments. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 177(3), 648-660, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.05.022 |
op_relation |
Gerst, Alexander (2010): The First Second of a Strombolian Volcanic Eruption = Die Erste Sekunde einer Strombolianischen Vulkaneruption [dissertation]. Institute of Geophysics, University of Hamburg, Germany, 240 pp, urn:nbn:de:gbv:18-42516 https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.847914 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.847914 |
op_rights |
CC-BY-3.0: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Access constraints: unrestricted info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.84791410.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.05.022 |
_version_ |
1810493444092592128 |
spelling |
ftpangaea:oai:pangaea.de:doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.847914 2024-09-15T17:45:34+00:00 (Table 2) Picked maximum velocities from 3 radars (RAY, SHK, and SUM), showing 10 explosions at Erebus volcano, Antarctica, and their respective directivity vectors Gerst, Alexander Hort, M Kyle, Philip R Vöge, Malte MEDIAN LATITUDE: -77.528177 * MEDIAN LONGITUDE: 167.163997 * SOUTH-BOUND LATITUDE: -77.529910 * WEST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 167.156080 * NORTH-BOUND LATITUDE: -77.526050 * EAST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 167.170570 * DATE/TIME START: 2005-12-24T22:20:49 * DATE/TIME END: 2006-01-01T17:46:39 * MINIMUM ELEVATION: 3769.0 m * MAXIMUM ELEVATION: 3790.0 m 2008 text/tab-separated-values, 972 data points https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.847914 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.847914 en eng PANGAEA Gerst, Alexander (2010): The First Second of a Strombolian Volcanic Eruption = Die Erste Sekunde einer Strombolianischen Vulkaneruption [dissertation]. Institute of Geophysics, University of Hamburg, Germany, 240 pp, urn:nbn:de:gbv:18-42516 https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.847914 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.847914 CC-BY-3.0: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Access constraints: unrestricted info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Supplement to: Gerst, Alexander; Hort, M; Kyle, Philip R; Vöge, Malte (2008): 4D velocity of Strombolian eruptions and man-made explosions derived from multiple Doppler radar instruments. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 177(3), 648-660, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.05.022 Azimuth DATE/TIME Doppler radar frequency modulated continuous wave Elevation of event Erebus volcano Antarctica Event label FMCWDR Inclination Latitude of event Longitude of event Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas RAY_radar SHK_radar SPP1158 Standard deviation SUM_radar Velocity Velocity magnitude dataset 2008 ftpangaea https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.84791410.1016/j.jvolgeores.2008.05.022 2024-08-06T23:37:39Z We used a novel system of three continuous wave Doppler radars to successfully record the directivity of i) Strombolian explosions from the active lava lake of Erebus volcano, Antarctica, ii) eruptions at Stromboli volcano, Italy, and iii) a man-made explosion in a quarry. Erebus volcano contains a convecting phonolite lava lake, presumably connected to a magma chamber at depth. It is one of the few open vent volcanoes that allow a direct observation of source processes during explosions. Its lava lake is the source of frequent violent Strombolian explosions, caused by large gas bubbles bursting at the lake surface. The exact mechanism of these bubble bursts is unclear, as is the mechanism of the creation of the infrasound signal accompanying the explosions. We use the Doppler radar data to calculate the directivity of Strombolian eruptions at Erebus. This allows us to derive information about the expected type of infrasound source pattern (i.e. the role of a dipole in addition to the monopole signature) and the physical structure of the volcano. We recorded 10 large explosions simultaneously with three radars, enabling us to calculate time series of 3D directivity vectors (i.e. effectively 4D), which describe the direction of preferred expansion of the gas bubble during an explosion. Such directivity information allows a comparison to dipole infrasound radiation patterns recorded during similar explosions only a few weeks later. Video observations of explosions support our interpretation of the measurements. We conclude that at Erebus, the directivity of explosions is mainly controlled by random processes. Since the geometry of the uppermost conduit is assumed to have a large effect on the directivity of explosions, the results suggest a largely symmetrical uppermost conduit with a vertical axis of symmetry. For infrasound recordings, a significant dipole signature can be expected in addition to the predominant monopole signature. Dataset Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica Sea ice PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science ENVELOPE(167.156080,167.170570,-77.526050,-77.529910) |