(Table 1) Sea ice and snow characteristics and heat fluxes observed during R/V Aurora Australis cruise to East Antarctica in September/October 2007
The properties of snow on East Antarctic sea ice off Wilkes Land were examined during the Sea Ice Physics and Ecosystem Experiment (SIPEX) in late winter of 2007, focusing on the interaction with sea ice. This observation includes 11 transect lines for the measurement of ice thickness, freeboard, an...
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2011
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Online Access: | https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.839311 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.839311 |
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ftpangaea:oai:pangaea.de:doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.839311 |
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openpolar |
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Open Polar |
collection |
PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science |
op_collection_id |
ftpangaea |
language |
English |
topic |
Aurora Australis Conductivity thermal DATE/TIME Date/time end Density snow Event label Freeboard Heat flow ICE Ice station Ice thickness International Polar Year (2007-2008) IO-1 IO-10 IO-11 IO-13 IO-14 IO-2 IO-3 IO-4 IO-5 IO-6 IO-7 IO-8 IO-9 IPY Latitude of event Length of transect Longitude of event Number SIPEX Snow thickness South Indian Ocean Temperature ice/snow Temperature gradient |
spellingShingle |
Aurora Australis Conductivity thermal DATE/TIME Date/time end Density snow Event label Freeboard Heat flow ICE Ice station Ice thickness International Polar Year (2007-2008) IO-1 IO-10 IO-11 IO-13 IO-14 IO-2 IO-3 IO-4 IO-5 IO-6 IO-7 IO-8 IO-9 IPY Latitude of event Length of transect Longitude of event Number SIPEX Snow thickness South Indian Ocean Temperature ice/snow Temperature gradient Toyota, Takenobu Massom, Robert A Tateyama, Kazu Tamura, T Fraser, Alexander (Table 1) Sea ice and snow characteristics and heat fluxes observed during R/V Aurora Australis cruise to East Antarctica in September/October 2007 |
topic_facet |
Aurora Australis Conductivity thermal DATE/TIME Date/time end Density snow Event label Freeboard Heat flow ICE Ice station Ice thickness International Polar Year (2007-2008) IO-1 IO-10 IO-11 IO-13 IO-14 IO-2 IO-3 IO-4 IO-5 IO-6 IO-7 IO-8 IO-9 IPY Latitude of event Length of transect Longitude of event Number SIPEX Snow thickness South Indian Ocean Temperature ice/snow Temperature gradient |
description |
The properties of snow on East Antarctic sea ice off Wilkes Land were examined during the Sea Ice Physics and Ecosystem Experiment (SIPEX) in late winter of 2007, focusing on the interaction with sea ice. This observation includes 11 transect lines for the measurement of ice thickness, freeboard, and snow depth, 50 snow pits on 13 ice floes, and diurnal variation of surface heat flux on three ice floes. The detailed profiling of topography along the transects and the d18O, salinity, and density datasets of snow made it possible to examine the snow-sea-ice interaction quantitatively for the first time in this area. In general, the snow displayed significant heterogeneity in types, thickness (mean: 0.14 +- 0.13 m), and density (325 +- 38 kg/m**3), as reported in other East Antarctic regions. High salinity was confined to the lowest 0.1 m. Salinity and d18O data within this layer revealed that saline water originated from the surface brine of sea ice in 20% of the total sites and from seawater in 80%. From the vertical profiles of snow density, bulk thermal conductivity of snow was estimated as 0.15 W/K/m on average, only half of the value used for numerical sea-ice models. Although the upward heat flux within snow estimated with this value was significantly lower than that within ice, it turned out that a higher value of thermal conductivity (0.3 to 0.4 W/K/m) is preferable for estimating ice growth amount in current numerical models. Diurnal measurements showed that upward conductive heat flux within the snow and net long-wave radiation at the surface seem to play important roles in the formation of snow ice from slush. The detailed surface topography allowed us to compare the air-ice drag coefficients of ice and snow surfaces under neutral conditions, and to examine the possibility of the retrieval of ice thickness distribution from satellite remote sensing. It was found that overall snow cover works to enhance the surface roughness of sea ice rather than moderate it, and increases the drag coefficient by about ... |
format |
Dataset |
author |
Toyota, Takenobu Massom, Robert A Tateyama, Kazu Tamura, T Fraser, Alexander |
author_facet |
Toyota, Takenobu Massom, Robert A Tateyama, Kazu Tamura, T Fraser, Alexander |
author_sort |
Toyota, Takenobu |
title |
(Table 1) Sea ice and snow characteristics and heat fluxes observed during R/V Aurora Australis cruise to East Antarctica in September/October 2007 |
title_short |
(Table 1) Sea ice and snow characteristics and heat fluxes observed during R/V Aurora Australis cruise to East Antarctica in September/October 2007 |
title_full |
(Table 1) Sea ice and snow characteristics and heat fluxes observed during R/V Aurora Australis cruise to East Antarctica in September/October 2007 |
title_fullStr |
(Table 1) Sea ice and snow characteristics and heat fluxes observed during R/V Aurora Australis cruise to East Antarctica in September/October 2007 |
title_full_unstemmed |
(Table 1) Sea ice and snow characteristics and heat fluxes observed during R/V Aurora Australis cruise to East Antarctica in September/October 2007 |
title_sort |
(table 1) sea ice and snow characteristics and heat fluxes observed during r/v aurora australis cruise to east antarctica in september/october 2007 |
publisher |
PANGAEA |
publishDate |
2011 |
url |
https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.839311 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.839311 |
op_coverage |
MEDIAN LATITUDE: -64.974615 * MEDIAN LONGITUDE: 121.931538 * SOUTH-BOUND LATITUDE: -65.580000 * WEST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 116.800000 * NORTH-BOUND LATITUDE: -64.250000 * EAST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 128.050000 * DATE/TIME START: 2007-09-11T00:00:00 * DATE/TIME END: 2007-10-07T00:00:00 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(120.000,120.000,-69.000,-69.000) ENVELOPE(116.800000,128.050000,-64.250000,-65.580000) |
geographic |
Antarctic East Antarctica Indian Wilkes Land |
geographic_facet |
Antarctic East Antarctica Indian Wilkes Land |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica aurora australis East Antarctica International Polar Year IPY Journal of Glaciology Sea ice Wilkes Land |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica aurora australis East Antarctica International Polar Year IPY Journal of Glaciology Sea ice Wilkes Land |
op_source |
Supplement to: Toyota, Takenobu; Massom, Robert A; Tateyama, Kazu; Tamura, T; Fraser, Alexander (2011): Properties of snow overlying the sea ice off East Antarctica in late winter, 2007. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 58(9-10), 1137-1148, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2010.12.002 |
op_relation |
Sturm, M; Holmgren, J; König, Maria; Morris, K (1997): The thermal conductivity of seasonal snow. Journal of Glaciology, 43(143), 26-41, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022143000002781 https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.839311 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.839311 |
op_rights |
CC-BY-3.0: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Access constraints: unrestricted info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.839311 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2010.12.002 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022143000002781 |
_version_ |
1766273560740888576 |
spelling |
ftpangaea:oai:pangaea.de:doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.839311 2023-05-15T14:03:04+02:00 (Table 1) Sea ice and snow characteristics and heat fluxes observed during R/V Aurora Australis cruise to East Antarctica in September/October 2007 Toyota, Takenobu Massom, Robert A Tateyama, Kazu Tamura, T Fraser, Alexander MEDIAN LATITUDE: -64.974615 * MEDIAN LONGITUDE: 121.931538 * SOUTH-BOUND LATITUDE: -65.580000 * WEST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 116.800000 * NORTH-BOUND LATITUDE: -64.250000 * EAST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 128.050000 * DATE/TIME START: 2007-09-11T00:00:00 * DATE/TIME END: 2007-10-07T00:00:00 2011-11-21 text/tab-separated-values, 135 data points https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.839311 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.839311 en eng PANGAEA Sturm, M; Holmgren, J; König, Maria; Morris, K (1997): The thermal conductivity of seasonal snow. Journal of Glaciology, 43(143), 26-41, https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022143000002781 https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.839311 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.839311 CC-BY-3.0: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Access constraints: unrestricted info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC-BY Supplement to: Toyota, Takenobu; Massom, Robert A; Tateyama, Kazu; Tamura, T; Fraser, Alexander (2011): Properties of snow overlying the sea ice off East Antarctica in late winter, 2007. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography, 58(9-10), 1137-1148, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2010.12.002 Aurora Australis Conductivity thermal DATE/TIME Date/time end Density snow Event label Freeboard Heat flow ICE Ice station Ice thickness International Polar Year (2007-2008) IO-1 IO-10 IO-11 IO-13 IO-14 IO-2 IO-3 IO-4 IO-5 IO-6 IO-7 IO-8 IO-9 IPY Latitude of event Length of transect Longitude of event Number SIPEX Snow thickness South Indian Ocean Temperature ice/snow Temperature gradient Dataset 2011 ftpangaea https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.839311 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dsr2.2010.12.002 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0022143000002781 2023-01-20T09:04:43Z The properties of snow on East Antarctic sea ice off Wilkes Land were examined during the Sea Ice Physics and Ecosystem Experiment (SIPEX) in late winter of 2007, focusing on the interaction with sea ice. This observation includes 11 transect lines for the measurement of ice thickness, freeboard, and snow depth, 50 snow pits on 13 ice floes, and diurnal variation of surface heat flux on three ice floes. The detailed profiling of topography along the transects and the d18O, salinity, and density datasets of snow made it possible to examine the snow-sea-ice interaction quantitatively for the first time in this area. In general, the snow displayed significant heterogeneity in types, thickness (mean: 0.14 +- 0.13 m), and density (325 +- 38 kg/m**3), as reported in other East Antarctic regions. High salinity was confined to the lowest 0.1 m. Salinity and d18O data within this layer revealed that saline water originated from the surface brine of sea ice in 20% of the total sites and from seawater in 80%. From the vertical profiles of snow density, bulk thermal conductivity of snow was estimated as 0.15 W/K/m on average, only half of the value used for numerical sea-ice models. Although the upward heat flux within snow estimated with this value was significantly lower than that within ice, it turned out that a higher value of thermal conductivity (0.3 to 0.4 W/K/m) is preferable for estimating ice growth amount in current numerical models. Diurnal measurements showed that upward conductive heat flux within the snow and net long-wave radiation at the surface seem to play important roles in the formation of snow ice from slush. The detailed surface topography allowed us to compare the air-ice drag coefficients of ice and snow surfaces under neutral conditions, and to examine the possibility of the retrieval of ice thickness distribution from satellite remote sensing. It was found that overall snow cover works to enhance the surface roughness of sea ice rather than moderate it, and increases the drag coefficient by about ... Dataset Antarc* Antarctic Antarctica aurora australis East Antarctica International Polar Year IPY Journal of Glaciology Sea ice Wilkes Land PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science Antarctic East Antarctica Indian Wilkes Land ENVELOPE(120.000,120.000,-69.000,-69.000) ENVELOPE(116.800000,128.050000,-64.250000,-65.580000) |