Responses of the Emiliania huxleyi Proteome to Ocean Acidification

• Main Authors: Jones, Bethan M, Iglesias-Rodriguez, Debora, Skipp, Paul J, Edwards, Richard J, Greaves, Mervyn, Young, Jeremy, Elderfield, Henry, O'Connor, C David
• Format: Dataset
• Language: English
• Published: PANGAEA 2013
• Subjects: Accession number; Alkalinity; total; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (<20 L); Calcification/Dissolution; Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon; inorganic; dissolved; particulate; production per cell; organic; particulate/Nitrogen; particulate ratio; standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chromista; Coulometric titration; Emiliania huxleyi; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Gene expression (incl. proteomics); Growth/Morphology; Growth rate; Haptophyta; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Maximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II; Nitrate; North Atlantic; Ocean acidification
• Online Access: https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.833162; https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.833162

Ocean acidification due to rising atmospheric CO2 is expected to affect the physiology of important calcifying marine organisms, but the nature and magnitude of change is yet to be established. In coccolithophores, different species and strains display varying calcification responses to ocean acidification, but the underlying biochemical properties remain unknown. We employed an approach combining tandem mass-spectrometry with isobaric tagging (iTRAQ) and multiple database searching to identify proteins that were differentially expressed in cells of the marine coccolithophore species Emiliania huxleyi (strain NZEH) between two CO2 conditions: 395 (~current day) and ~1340 p.p.m.v. CO2. Cells exposed to the higher CO2 condition contained more cellular particulate inorganic carbon (CaCO3) and particulate organic nitrogen and carbon than those maintained in present-day conditions. These results are linked with the observation that cells grew slower under elevated CO2, indicating cell cycle disruption. Under high CO2 conditions, coccospheres were larger and cells possessed bigger coccoliths that did not show any signs of malformation compared to those from cells grown under present-day CO2 levels. No differences in calcification rate, particulate organic carbon production or cellular organic carbon: nitrogen ratios were observed. Results were not related to nutrient limitation or acclimation status of cells. At least 46 homologous protein groups from a variety of functional processes were quantified in these experiments, of which four (histones H2A, H3, H4 and a chloroplastic 30S ribosomal protein S7) showed down-regulation in all replicates exposed to high CO2, perhaps reflecting the decrease in growth rate. We present evidence of cellular stress responses but proteins associated with many key metabolic processes remained unaltered. Our results therefore suggest that this E. huxleyi strain possesses some acclimation mechanisms to tolerate future CO2 scenarios, although the observed decline in growth rate may be an ...