30 years of synoptic observations from Neumayer Station with links to datasets

• Main Authors: Rimbu, Norel, Lohmann, Gerrit, König-Langlo, Gert, Necula, Cristian, Ionita, Monica
• Format: Other/Unknown Material
• Language: English
• Published: PANGAEA 2012
• Subjects: AWI_Meteo; Dronning Maud Land; Antarctica; Georg von Neumayer; GVN; Meteorological Long-Term Observations @ AWI; Monitoring station; MONS; Neumayer_based; NEUMAYER III; Antarc*; Antarctic; Antarctic Science
• Online Access: https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.804156; https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.804156

High temporal resolution (three hours) records of temperature, wind speed and sea level pressure recorded at Antarctic research station Neumayer (70°S, 8°W) during 1982–2011 are analysed to identify oscillations from daily to intraseasonal timescales. The diurnal cycle dominates the three-hourly time series of temperature during the Antarctic summer and is almost absent during winter. In contrast, the three-hourly time series of wind speed and sea level pressure show a weak diurnal cycle. The dominant pattern of the intraseasonal variability of these quantities, which captures the out-of-phase variation of temperature and wind speed with sea level pressure, shows enhanced variability at timescales of ~ 40 days and ~ 80 days, respectively. Correlation and composite analysis reveal that these oscillations may be related to tropical intraseasonal oscillations via large-scale eastward propagating atmospheric circulation wave-trains. The second pattern of intraseasonal variability, which captures in-phase variations of temperature, wind and sea level pressure, shows enhanced variability at timescales of ~ 35, ~ 60 and ~ 120 days. These oscillations are attributed to the Southern Annular Mode/Antarctic Oscillation (SAM/AAO) which shows enhanced variability at these timescales. We argue that intraseasonal oscillations of tropical climate and SAM/AAO are related to distinct patterns of climate variables measured at Neumayer.