Benthic foraminifera and stable isotope composition in Paleocene-Eocene sediments
In the late Paleocene to early Eocene, deep sea benthic foraminifera suffered their only global extinction of the last 75 million years and diversity decreased worldwide by 30-50% in a few thousand years. At Maud Rise (Weddell Sea, Antarctica; Sites 689 and 690, palaeodepths 1100 m and 1900 m) and W...
Main Authors: | , |
---|---|
Format: | Dataset |
Language: | English |
Published: |
PANGAEA
1996
|
Subjects: | |
Online Access: | https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.770123 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.770123 |
id |
ftpangaea:oai:pangaea.de:doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.770123 |
---|---|
record_format |
openpolar |
spelling |
ftpangaea:oai:pangaea.de:doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.770123 2023-05-15T13:42:10+02:00 Benthic foraminifera and stable isotope composition in Paleocene-Eocene sediments Thomas, Ellen Shackleton, Nicholas J MEDIAN LATITUDE: -46.697550 * MEDIAN LONGITUDE: 2.263350 * SOUTH-BOUND LATITUDE: -65.161000 * WEST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 1.204900 * NORTH-BOUND LATITUDE: -28.041500 * EAST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 3.099900 * DATE/TIME START: 1980-06-10T00:00:00 * DATE/TIME END: 1987-01-21T07:00:00 1996-09-26 application/zip, 6 datasets https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.770123 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.770123 en eng PANGAEA https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.770123 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.770123 CC-BY-3.0: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Access constraints: unrestricted info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC-BY Supplement to: Thomas, Ellen; Shackleton, Nicholas J (1996): The Paleocene-Eocene benthic foraminiferal extinction and stable isotope anomalies. In: Knox, RWO'B; Corfield, RM; Dunay, RE (eds.), Correlation of the Early Paleogene in Northwest Europe, Geological Society Special Publication, 101, 401-441, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.101.01.20 113-689B 113-690B 74-525A 74-525B 74-527 Deep Sea Drilling Project DRILL Drilling/drill rig DSDP Glomar Challenger Joides Resolution Leg113 Leg74 Ocean Drilling Program ODP South Atlantic South Atlantic/CREST South Atlantic Ocean Dataset 1996 ftpangaea https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.770123 https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.101.01.20 2023-01-20T07:32:18Z In the late Paleocene to early Eocene, deep sea benthic foraminifera suffered their only global extinction of the last 75 million years and diversity decreased worldwide by 30-50% in a few thousand years. At Maud Rise (Weddell Sea, Antarctica; Sites 689 and 690, palaeodepths 1100 m and 1900 m) and Walvis Ridge (Southeastern Atlantic, Sites 525 and 527, palaeodepths 1600 m and 3400 m) post-extinction faunas were low-diversity and high-dominance, but the dominant species differed by geographical location. At Maud Rise, post-extinction faunas were dominated by small, biserial and triserial species, while the large, thick-walled, long-lived deep sea species Nuttallides truempyi was absent. At Walvis Ridge, by contrast, they were dominated by long-lived species such as N. truempyi, with common to abundant small abyssaminid species. The faunal dominance patterns at the two locations thus suggest different post-extinction seafloor environments: increased flux of organic matter and possibly decreased oxygen levels at Maud Rise, decreased flux at Walvis Ridge. The species-richness remained very low for about 50 000 years, then gradually increased. The extinction was synchronous with a large, negative, short-term excursion of carbon and oxygen isotopes in planktonic and benthic foraminifera and bulk carbonate. The isotope excursions reached peak negative values in a few thousand years and values returned to pre-excursion levels in about 50 000 years. The carbon isotope excursion was about -2 per mil for benthic foraminifera at Walvis Ridge and Maud Rise, and about -4 per mil for planktonic foraminifera at Maud Rise. At the latter sites vertical gradients thus decreased, possibly at least partially as a result of upwelling. The oxygen isotope excursion was about -1.5 per mil for benthic foraminifera at Walvis Ridge and Maud Rise, -1 per mil for planktonic foraminifera at Maud Rise. The rapid oxygen isotope excursion at a time when polar ice-sheets were absent or insignificant can be explained by an increase in temperature ... Dataset Antarc* Antarctica Planktonic foraminifera South Atlantic Ocean Weddell Sea PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science Maud Rise ENVELOPE(3.000,3.000,-66.000,-66.000) Weddell Weddell Sea ENVELOPE(1.204900,3.099900,-28.041500,-65.161000) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science |
op_collection_id |
ftpangaea |
language |
English |
topic |
113-689B 113-690B 74-525A 74-525B 74-527 Deep Sea Drilling Project DRILL Drilling/drill rig DSDP Glomar Challenger Joides Resolution Leg113 Leg74 Ocean Drilling Program ODP South Atlantic South Atlantic/CREST South Atlantic Ocean |
spellingShingle |
113-689B 113-690B 74-525A 74-525B 74-527 Deep Sea Drilling Project DRILL Drilling/drill rig DSDP Glomar Challenger Joides Resolution Leg113 Leg74 Ocean Drilling Program ODP South Atlantic South Atlantic/CREST South Atlantic Ocean Thomas, Ellen Shackleton, Nicholas J Benthic foraminifera and stable isotope composition in Paleocene-Eocene sediments |
topic_facet |
113-689B 113-690B 74-525A 74-525B 74-527 Deep Sea Drilling Project DRILL Drilling/drill rig DSDP Glomar Challenger Joides Resolution Leg113 Leg74 Ocean Drilling Program ODP South Atlantic South Atlantic/CREST South Atlantic Ocean |
description |
In the late Paleocene to early Eocene, deep sea benthic foraminifera suffered their only global extinction of the last 75 million years and diversity decreased worldwide by 30-50% in a few thousand years. At Maud Rise (Weddell Sea, Antarctica; Sites 689 and 690, palaeodepths 1100 m and 1900 m) and Walvis Ridge (Southeastern Atlantic, Sites 525 and 527, palaeodepths 1600 m and 3400 m) post-extinction faunas were low-diversity and high-dominance, but the dominant species differed by geographical location. At Maud Rise, post-extinction faunas were dominated by small, biserial and triserial species, while the large, thick-walled, long-lived deep sea species Nuttallides truempyi was absent. At Walvis Ridge, by contrast, they were dominated by long-lived species such as N. truempyi, with common to abundant small abyssaminid species. The faunal dominance patterns at the two locations thus suggest different post-extinction seafloor environments: increased flux of organic matter and possibly decreased oxygen levels at Maud Rise, decreased flux at Walvis Ridge. The species-richness remained very low for about 50 000 years, then gradually increased. The extinction was synchronous with a large, negative, short-term excursion of carbon and oxygen isotopes in planktonic and benthic foraminifera and bulk carbonate. The isotope excursions reached peak negative values in a few thousand years and values returned to pre-excursion levels in about 50 000 years. The carbon isotope excursion was about -2 per mil for benthic foraminifera at Walvis Ridge and Maud Rise, and about -4 per mil for planktonic foraminifera at Maud Rise. At the latter sites vertical gradients thus decreased, possibly at least partially as a result of upwelling. The oxygen isotope excursion was about -1.5 per mil for benthic foraminifera at Walvis Ridge and Maud Rise, -1 per mil for planktonic foraminifera at Maud Rise. The rapid oxygen isotope excursion at a time when polar ice-sheets were absent or insignificant can be explained by an increase in temperature ... |
format |
Dataset |
author |
Thomas, Ellen Shackleton, Nicholas J |
author_facet |
Thomas, Ellen Shackleton, Nicholas J |
author_sort |
Thomas, Ellen |
title |
Benthic foraminifera and stable isotope composition in Paleocene-Eocene sediments |
title_short |
Benthic foraminifera and stable isotope composition in Paleocene-Eocene sediments |
title_full |
Benthic foraminifera and stable isotope composition in Paleocene-Eocene sediments |
title_fullStr |
Benthic foraminifera and stable isotope composition in Paleocene-Eocene sediments |
title_full_unstemmed |
Benthic foraminifera and stable isotope composition in Paleocene-Eocene sediments |
title_sort |
benthic foraminifera and stable isotope composition in paleocene-eocene sediments |
publisher |
PANGAEA |
publishDate |
1996 |
url |
https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.770123 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.770123 |
op_coverage |
MEDIAN LATITUDE: -46.697550 * MEDIAN LONGITUDE: 2.263350 * SOUTH-BOUND LATITUDE: -65.161000 * WEST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 1.204900 * NORTH-BOUND LATITUDE: -28.041500 * EAST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 3.099900 * DATE/TIME START: 1980-06-10T00:00:00 * DATE/TIME END: 1987-01-21T07:00:00 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(3.000,3.000,-66.000,-66.000) ENVELOPE(1.204900,3.099900,-28.041500,-65.161000) |
geographic |
Maud Rise Weddell Weddell Sea |
geographic_facet |
Maud Rise Weddell Weddell Sea |
genre |
Antarc* Antarctica Planktonic foraminifera South Atlantic Ocean Weddell Sea |
genre_facet |
Antarc* Antarctica Planktonic foraminifera South Atlantic Ocean Weddell Sea |
op_source |
Supplement to: Thomas, Ellen; Shackleton, Nicholas J (1996): The Paleocene-Eocene benthic foraminiferal extinction and stable isotope anomalies. In: Knox, RWO'B; Corfield, RM; Dunay, RE (eds.), Correlation of the Early Paleogene in Northwest Europe, Geological Society Special Publication, 101, 401-441, https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.101.01.20 |
op_relation |
https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.770123 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.770123 |
op_rights |
CC-BY-3.0: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Access constraints: unrestricted info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.770123 https://doi.org/10.1144/GSL.SP.1996.101.01.20 |
_version_ |
1766164129413857280 |