Stable isotope ratios of foraminifera from various DSDP/ODP sites
The equator to high southern latitude sea surface and vertical temperature gradients are reconstructed from oxygen isotope values of planktonic and benthic foraminifers for the following five time intervals: late Paleocene, early Eocene, early middle Eocene, late Eocene, and early Oligocene. Paleote...
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1994
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ftpangaea:oai:pangaea.de:doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.729901 2024-09-15T18:36:32+00:00 Stable isotope ratios of foraminifera from various DSDP/ODP sites Zachos, James C Stott, Lowell D Lohmann, Kyger C MEDIAN LATITUDE: -23.226717 * MEDIAN LONGITUDE: 68.643367 * SOUTH-BOUND LATITUDE: -58.441000 * WEST-BOUND LONGITUDE: -26.368600 * NORTH-BOUND LATITUDE: 5.384200 * EAST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 93.896200 * DATE/TIME START: 1972-02-04T00:00:00 * DATE/TIME END: 1988-06-24T13:30:00 1994 application/zip, 6 datasets https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.729901 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.729901 en eng PANGAEA https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.729901 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.729901 CC-BY-3.0: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Access constraints: unrestricted info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess Supplement to: Zachos, James C; Stott, Lowell D; Lohmann, Kyger C (1994): Evolution of early Cenozoic marine temperatures. Paleoceanography, 9(2), 353-387, https://doi.org/10.1029/93PA03266 114-702B 120-748B 121-757B 121-758A 22-213 22-215 Deep Sea Drilling Project DRILL Drilling/drill rig DSDP Glomar Challenger Indian Ocean Indian Ocean//BASIN Joides Resolution Leg114 Leg120 Leg121 Leg22 Ocean Drilling Program ODP South Atlantic Ocean South Indian Ridge South Indian Ocean dataset publication series 1994 ftpangaea https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.72990110.1029/93PA03266 2024-07-24T02:31:20Z The equator to high southern latitude sea surface and vertical temperature gradients are reconstructed from oxygen isotope values of planktonic and benthic foraminifers for the following five time intervals: late Paleocene, early Eocene, early middle Eocene, late Eocene, and early Oligocene. Paleotemperatures are calculated using standard oxygen isotope/temperature equations with adjustments to account for (1) variations in sea water delta18O related to changes in global ice volume over time and (2) latitudinal gradients in surface water delta18O. These reconstructions indicate that sea-surface temperatures (SST) of the Southern Oceans in the early Eocene were as high as 15°C, whereas temperatures during the late Paleocene and early middle Eocene reached maximum levels of 10°-12°C. By the late Eocene and early Oligocene high latitude SST had declined to 6 and 4°C, respectively. For most of the early Paleogene, low latitude sub-tropical temperatures remained constant and well within the range of Holocene temperatures (24°-25°C) but by the late Eocene and early Oligocene declined to values in the range of 18° to 22°C. The late Paleogene apparent decline in tropical temperatures, however, might be artificial because of dissolution of near-surface foraminifera tests which biased sediment assemblages toward deeper-dwelling foraminifera. Moreover, according to recent plate reconstructions, it appears that the majority of sites upon which the late Eocene and early Oligocene tropical temperatures were previously established were located either in or near regions likely to have been influenced by upwelling. Global deepwater temperature on average paralleled southern ocean SST for most of the Paleogene. We speculate based on the overall timing and character of marine sea surface temperature variation during the Paleogene that some combination of both higher levels of greenhouse gases and increased heat transport was responsible for the exceptional high-latitude warmth of the early Eocene. Other/Unknown Material South Atlantic Ocean Southern Ocean PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science ENVELOPE(-26.368600,93.896200,5.384200,-58.441000) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science |
op_collection_id |
ftpangaea |
language |
English |
topic |
114-702B 120-748B 121-757B 121-758A 22-213 22-215 Deep Sea Drilling Project DRILL Drilling/drill rig DSDP Glomar Challenger Indian Ocean Indian Ocean//BASIN Joides Resolution Leg114 Leg120 Leg121 Leg22 Ocean Drilling Program ODP South Atlantic Ocean South Indian Ridge South Indian Ocean |
spellingShingle |
114-702B 120-748B 121-757B 121-758A 22-213 22-215 Deep Sea Drilling Project DRILL Drilling/drill rig DSDP Glomar Challenger Indian Ocean Indian Ocean//BASIN Joides Resolution Leg114 Leg120 Leg121 Leg22 Ocean Drilling Program ODP South Atlantic Ocean South Indian Ridge South Indian Ocean Zachos, James C Stott, Lowell D Lohmann, Kyger C Stable isotope ratios of foraminifera from various DSDP/ODP sites |
topic_facet |
114-702B 120-748B 121-757B 121-758A 22-213 22-215 Deep Sea Drilling Project DRILL Drilling/drill rig DSDP Glomar Challenger Indian Ocean Indian Ocean//BASIN Joides Resolution Leg114 Leg120 Leg121 Leg22 Ocean Drilling Program ODP South Atlantic Ocean South Indian Ridge South Indian Ocean |
description |
The equator to high southern latitude sea surface and vertical temperature gradients are reconstructed from oxygen isotope values of planktonic and benthic foraminifers for the following five time intervals: late Paleocene, early Eocene, early middle Eocene, late Eocene, and early Oligocene. Paleotemperatures are calculated using standard oxygen isotope/temperature equations with adjustments to account for (1) variations in sea water delta18O related to changes in global ice volume over time and (2) latitudinal gradients in surface water delta18O. These reconstructions indicate that sea-surface temperatures (SST) of the Southern Oceans in the early Eocene were as high as 15°C, whereas temperatures during the late Paleocene and early middle Eocene reached maximum levels of 10°-12°C. By the late Eocene and early Oligocene high latitude SST had declined to 6 and 4°C, respectively. For most of the early Paleogene, low latitude sub-tropical temperatures remained constant and well within the range of Holocene temperatures (24°-25°C) but by the late Eocene and early Oligocene declined to values in the range of 18° to 22°C. The late Paleogene apparent decline in tropical temperatures, however, might be artificial because of dissolution of near-surface foraminifera tests which biased sediment assemblages toward deeper-dwelling foraminifera. Moreover, according to recent plate reconstructions, it appears that the majority of sites upon which the late Eocene and early Oligocene tropical temperatures were previously established were located either in or near regions likely to have been influenced by upwelling. Global deepwater temperature on average paralleled southern ocean SST for most of the Paleogene. We speculate based on the overall timing and character of marine sea surface temperature variation during the Paleogene that some combination of both higher levels of greenhouse gases and increased heat transport was responsible for the exceptional high-latitude warmth of the early Eocene. |
format |
Other/Unknown Material |
author |
Zachos, James C Stott, Lowell D Lohmann, Kyger C |
author_facet |
Zachos, James C Stott, Lowell D Lohmann, Kyger C |
author_sort |
Zachos, James C |
title |
Stable isotope ratios of foraminifera from various DSDP/ODP sites |
title_short |
Stable isotope ratios of foraminifera from various DSDP/ODP sites |
title_full |
Stable isotope ratios of foraminifera from various DSDP/ODP sites |
title_fullStr |
Stable isotope ratios of foraminifera from various DSDP/ODP sites |
title_full_unstemmed |
Stable isotope ratios of foraminifera from various DSDP/ODP sites |
title_sort |
stable isotope ratios of foraminifera from various dsdp/odp sites |
publisher |
PANGAEA |
publishDate |
1994 |
url |
https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.729901 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.729901 |
op_coverage |
MEDIAN LATITUDE: -23.226717 * MEDIAN LONGITUDE: 68.643367 * SOUTH-BOUND LATITUDE: -58.441000 * WEST-BOUND LONGITUDE: -26.368600 * NORTH-BOUND LATITUDE: 5.384200 * EAST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 93.896200 * DATE/TIME START: 1972-02-04T00:00:00 * DATE/TIME END: 1988-06-24T13:30:00 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(-26.368600,93.896200,5.384200,-58.441000) |
genre |
South Atlantic Ocean Southern Ocean |
genre_facet |
South Atlantic Ocean Southern Ocean |
op_source |
Supplement to: Zachos, James C; Stott, Lowell D; Lohmann, Kyger C (1994): Evolution of early Cenozoic marine temperatures. Paleoceanography, 9(2), 353-387, https://doi.org/10.1029/93PA03266 |
op_relation |
https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.729901 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.729901 |
op_rights |
CC-BY-3.0: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Access constraints: unrestricted info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.72990110.1029/93PA03266 |
_version_ |
1810480207882092544 |