Composition of bentonite-, smectite-rich- and ash beds from DSDP Leg 19 holes
Late Cenozoic ash deposits cored in Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 19 in the far northwest Pacific and in the Bering Sea have altered to bentonite beds. Some bentonite layers were subsequently replaced by carbonate beds. A significant part of the Neogene volcanic history of land areas adjacent to the...
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1978
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ftpangaea:oai:pangaea.de:doi:10.1594/PANGAEA.718128 2023-05-15T15:43:47+02:00 Composition of bentonite-, smectite-rich- and ash beds from DSDP Leg 19 holes Hein, James R Scholl, David W MEDIAN LATITUDE: 54.348706 * MEDIAN LONGITUDE: 175.084097 * SOUTH-BOUND LATITUDE: 53.009500 * WEST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 164.713500 * NORTH-BOUND LATITUDE: 56.945000 * EAST-BOUND LONGITUDE: -170.923200 * DATE/TIME START: 1971-07-30T00:00:00 * DATE/TIME END: 1971-08-30T00:00:00 1978-06-11 application/zip, 7 datasets https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.718128 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.718128 en eng PANGAEA Hein, James R; Scholl, David W (1978): Diagenesis and distribution of late Cenozoic volcanic sediment in the southern Bering Sea. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 89(2), 197-210, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1978)89%3C197:DADOLC%3E2.0.CO;2 https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.718128 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.718128 CC-BY-3.0: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Access constraints: unrestricted info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess CC-BY 19-184 19-184B 19-189 19-190 19-191 19-192 19-192A Deep Sea Drilling Project DRILL Drilling/drill rig DSDP Glomar Challenger Leg19 North Pacific/Bering Strait/BASIN North Pacific/Bering Strait/PLATEAU North Pacific/Bering Strait/RIDGE North Pacific/GUYOT Dataset 1978 ftpangaea https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.718128 https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1978)89%3C197:DADOLC%3E2.0.CO;2 2023-01-20T07:31:25Z Late Cenozoic ash deposits cored in Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 19 in the far northwest Pacific and in the Bering Sea have altered to bentonite beds. Some bentonite layers were subsequently replaced by carbonate beds. A significant part of the Neogene volcanic history of land areas adjacent to the far north Pacific is represented by these diagenetic deposits. Bentonite beds are composed of authigenic smectite and minor amounts of clinoptilolite. Authigenic smectite has fewer illite layers than detrital smectite. Opal-A and opal-CT, abundant in Bering Sea sediment, are not found in ash or bentonite layers. The percentage of smectite in the total clay-mineral assemblage of ash beds is greater than that for adjacent terrigenous sediment, but the total amount of clay minerals in ash sequences is less than in surrounding deposits. Morphology of the 17-Å peak of smectite found in ash may represent newly formed, poorly crystalline smectite. Smectite becomes better crystallized as bentonite layers form. The percentage of smectite of the total clay-mineral assemblage in bentonite beds is greater than that in surrounding sediment, and, in contrast to ash beds, the total amount of clay minerals (mostly smectite) in bentonite layers is greater than in adjacent terrigenous sediment. Apparently, silica is not mobilized when volcanic ash layers transform to bentonite beds. Saponite-nontronite varieties of smectite and high Fe/Al and Ti/Al ratios distinguish bentonite beds derived from basaltic parent material from those beds formed from more silicic volcanic ash. These silicic ash beds produce bentonite composed mostly of montmorillonite. The basal sediment section at site 192 is rich with bentonite beds. Smectite in the upper part of this section (Eocene) was formed by low-temperature diagenesis of volcanic debris of intermediate or more silicic composition derived from arc or Pacific volcanoes. In contrast, smectite from the lowest 10 to 20 m of the sedimentary section (Cretaceous) is formed from either low-temperature or ... Dataset Bering Sea Bering Strait PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science Bering Sea Bering Strait Pacific ENVELOPE(164.713500,-170.923200,56.945000,53.009500) |
institution |
Open Polar |
collection |
PANGAEA - Data Publisher for Earth & Environmental Science |
op_collection_id |
ftpangaea |
language |
English |
topic |
19-184 19-184B 19-189 19-190 19-191 19-192 19-192A Deep Sea Drilling Project DRILL Drilling/drill rig DSDP Glomar Challenger Leg19 North Pacific/Bering Strait/BASIN North Pacific/Bering Strait/PLATEAU North Pacific/Bering Strait/RIDGE North Pacific/GUYOT |
spellingShingle |
19-184 19-184B 19-189 19-190 19-191 19-192 19-192A Deep Sea Drilling Project DRILL Drilling/drill rig DSDP Glomar Challenger Leg19 North Pacific/Bering Strait/BASIN North Pacific/Bering Strait/PLATEAU North Pacific/Bering Strait/RIDGE North Pacific/GUYOT Hein, James R Scholl, David W Composition of bentonite-, smectite-rich- and ash beds from DSDP Leg 19 holes |
topic_facet |
19-184 19-184B 19-189 19-190 19-191 19-192 19-192A Deep Sea Drilling Project DRILL Drilling/drill rig DSDP Glomar Challenger Leg19 North Pacific/Bering Strait/BASIN North Pacific/Bering Strait/PLATEAU North Pacific/Bering Strait/RIDGE North Pacific/GUYOT |
description |
Late Cenozoic ash deposits cored in Deep Sea Drilling Project Leg 19 in the far northwest Pacific and in the Bering Sea have altered to bentonite beds. Some bentonite layers were subsequently replaced by carbonate beds. A significant part of the Neogene volcanic history of land areas adjacent to the far north Pacific is represented by these diagenetic deposits. Bentonite beds are composed of authigenic smectite and minor amounts of clinoptilolite. Authigenic smectite has fewer illite layers than detrital smectite. Opal-A and opal-CT, abundant in Bering Sea sediment, are not found in ash or bentonite layers. The percentage of smectite in the total clay-mineral assemblage of ash beds is greater than that for adjacent terrigenous sediment, but the total amount of clay minerals in ash sequences is less than in surrounding deposits. Morphology of the 17-Å peak of smectite found in ash may represent newly formed, poorly crystalline smectite. Smectite becomes better crystallized as bentonite layers form. The percentage of smectite of the total clay-mineral assemblage in bentonite beds is greater than that in surrounding sediment, and, in contrast to ash beds, the total amount of clay minerals (mostly smectite) in bentonite layers is greater than in adjacent terrigenous sediment. Apparently, silica is not mobilized when volcanic ash layers transform to bentonite beds. Saponite-nontronite varieties of smectite and high Fe/Al and Ti/Al ratios distinguish bentonite beds derived from basaltic parent material from those beds formed from more silicic volcanic ash. These silicic ash beds produce bentonite composed mostly of montmorillonite. The basal sediment section at site 192 is rich with bentonite beds. Smectite in the upper part of this section (Eocene) was formed by low-temperature diagenesis of volcanic debris of intermediate or more silicic composition derived from arc or Pacific volcanoes. In contrast, smectite from the lowest 10 to 20 m of the sedimentary section (Cretaceous) is formed from either low-temperature or ... |
format |
Dataset |
author |
Hein, James R Scholl, David W |
author_facet |
Hein, James R Scholl, David W |
author_sort |
Hein, James R |
title |
Composition of bentonite-, smectite-rich- and ash beds from DSDP Leg 19 holes |
title_short |
Composition of bentonite-, smectite-rich- and ash beds from DSDP Leg 19 holes |
title_full |
Composition of bentonite-, smectite-rich- and ash beds from DSDP Leg 19 holes |
title_fullStr |
Composition of bentonite-, smectite-rich- and ash beds from DSDP Leg 19 holes |
title_full_unstemmed |
Composition of bentonite-, smectite-rich- and ash beds from DSDP Leg 19 holes |
title_sort |
composition of bentonite-, smectite-rich- and ash beds from dsdp leg 19 holes |
publisher |
PANGAEA |
publishDate |
1978 |
url |
https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.718128 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.718128 |
op_coverage |
MEDIAN LATITUDE: 54.348706 * MEDIAN LONGITUDE: 175.084097 * SOUTH-BOUND LATITUDE: 53.009500 * WEST-BOUND LONGITUDE: 164.713500 * NORTH-BOUND LATITUDE: 56.945000 * EAST-BOUND LONGITUDE: -170.923200 * DATE/TIME START: 1971-07-30T00:00:00 * DATE/TIME END: 1971-08-30T00:00:00 |
long_lat |
ENVELOPE(164.713500,-170.923200,56.945000,53.009500) |
geographic |
Bering Sea Bering Strait Pacific |
geographic_facet |
Bering Sea Bering Strait Pacific |
genre |
Bering Sea Bering Strait |
genre_facet |
Bering Sea Bering Strait |
op_relation |
Hein, James R; Scholl, David W (1978): Diagenesis and distribution of late Cenozoic volcanic sediment in the southern Bering Sea. Geological Society of America Bulletin, 89(2), 197-210, https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1978)89%3C197:DADOLC%3E2.0.CO;2 https://doi.pangaea.de/10.1594/PANGAEA.718128 https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.718128 |
op_rights |
CC-BY-3.0: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported Access constraints: unrestricted info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
op_rightsnorm |
CC-BY |
op_doi |
https://doi.org/10.1594/PANGAEA.718128 https://doi.org/10.1130/0016-7606(1978)89%3C197:DADOLC%3E2.0.CO;2 |
_version_ |
1766377986040266752 |