Greenland ice sheet surface mass-balance modeling in a 131-year perspective, 1950-2080
Fluctuations in the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) surface mass-balance (SMB) and freshwater influx to the surrounding oceans closely follow climate fluctuations and are of considerable importance to the global eustatic sea level rise. SnowModel, a state-of-the-art snow-evolution modeling system, was us...
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ftosti:oai:osti.gov:971306 2023-07-30T04:03:50+02:00 Greenland ice sheet surface mass-balance modeling in a 131-year perspective, 1950-2080 Mernild, Sebastian Haugard Liston, Glen Hiemstra, Christopher Christensen, Jens 2021-02-12 application/pdf http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/971306 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/971306 unknown http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/971306 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/971306 58 97 ABLATION BOUNDARY CONDITIONS CLIMATES FLUCTUATIONS GREENLAND MASS BALANCE MELTING RUNOFF SATELLITES SEA LEVEL SIMULATION SURFACE WATERS WMO 2021 ftosti 2023-07-11T08:48:02Z Fluctuations in the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) surface mass-balance (SMB) and freshwater influx to the surrounding oceans closely follow climate fluctuations and are of considerable importance to the global eustatic sea level rise. SnowModel, a state-of-the-art snow-evolution modeling system, was used to simulate variations in the GrIS melt extent, surface water balance components, changes in SMB, and freshwater influx to the ocean. The simulations are based on the IPCC scenario AlB modeled by the HIRHAM4 RCM (using boundary conditions from ECHAM5 AOGCM) from 1950 through 2080. In-situ meteorological station (GC-Net and WMO DMI) observations from inside and outside the GrIS were used to validate and correct RCM output data before it was used as input for SnowModel. Satellite observations and independent SMB studies were used to validate the SnowModel output and confirm the model's robustness. We simulated a {approx}90% increase in end-of-summer surface melt extent (0.483 x 10{sup 6} km{sup 2}) from 1950 to 2080, and a melt index (above 2,000-m elevation) increase of 138% (1.96 x 10{sup 6} km{sup 2} x days). The greatest difference in melt extent occured in the southern part of the GrIS, and the greatest changes in the number of melt days was seen in the eastern part of the GrIS ({approx}50-70%) and was lowest in the west ({approx}20-30%). The rate of SMB loss, largely tied to changes in ablation processes, lead to an enhanced average loss of 331 km{sup 3} from 1950 to 2080, an average 5MB level of -99 km{sup 3} for the period 2070-2080. GrIS surface freshwater runoff yielded an eustatic rise in sea level from 0.8 {+-} 0.1 (1950-1959) to 1.9 {+-} 0.1 mm (2070-2080) sea level equivalent (SLE) y{sup -1}. The accumulated GrIS freshwater runoff contribution from surface melting equaled 160 mm SLE from 1950 through 2080. Other/Unknown Material Greenland Ice Sheet SciTec Connect (Office of Scientific and Technical Information - OSTI, U.S. Department of Energy) Greenland |
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Open Polar |
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SciTec Connect (Office of Scientific and Technical Information - OSTI, U.S. Department of Energy) |
op_collection_id |
ftosti |
language |
unknown |
topic |
58 97 ABLATION BOUNDARY CONDITIONS CLIMATES FLUCTUATIONS GREENLAND MASS BALANCE MELTING RUNOFF SATELLITES SEA LEVEL SIMULATION SURFACE WATERS WMO |
spellingShingle |
58 97 ABLATION BOUNDARY CONDITIONS CLIMATES FLUCTUATIONS GREENLAND MASS BALANCE MELTING RUNOFF SATELLITES SEA LEVEL SIMULATION SURFACE WATERS WMO Mernild, Sebastian Haugard Liston, Glen Hiemstra, Christopher Christensen, Jens Greenland ice sheet surface mass-balance modeling in a 131-year perspective, 1950-2080 |
topic_facet |
58 97 ABLATION BOUNDARY CONDITIONS CLIMATES FLUCTUATIONS GREENLAND MASS BALANCE MELTING RUNOFF SATELLITES SEA LEVEL SIMULATION SURFACE WATERS WMO |
description |
Fluctuations in the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) surface mass-balance (SMB) and freshwater influx to the surrounding oceans closely follow climate fluctuations and are of considerable importance to the global eustatic sea level rise. SnowModel, a state-of-the-art snow-evolution modeling system, was used to simulate variations in the GrIS melt extent, surface water balance components, changes in SMB, and freshwater influx to the ocean. The simulations are based on the IPCC scenario AlB modeled by the HIRHAM4 RCM (using boundary conditions from ECHAM5 AOGCM) from 1950 through 2080. In-situ meteorological station (GC-Net and WMO DMI) observations from inside and outside the GrIS were used to validate and correct RCM output data before it was used as input for SnowModel. Satellite observations and independent SMB studies were used to validate the SnowModel output and confirm the model's robustness. We simulated a {approx}90% increase in end-of-summer surface melt extent (0.483 x 10{sup 6} km{sup 2}) from 1950 to 2080, and a melt index (above 2,000-m elevation) increase of 138% (1.96 x 10{sup 6} km{sup 2} x days). The greatest difference in melt extent occured in the southern part of the GrIS, and the greatest changes in the number of melt days was seen in the eastern part of the GrIS ({approx}50-70%) and was lowest in the west ({approx}20-30%). The rate of SMB loss, largely tied to changes in ablation processes, lead to an enhanced average loss of 331 km{sup 3} from 1950 to 2080, an average 5MB level of -99 km{sup 3} for the period 2070-2080. GrIS surface freshwater runoff yielded an eustatic rise in sea level from 0.8 {+-} 0.1 (1950-1959) to 1.9 {+-} 0.1 mm (2070-2080) sea level equivalent (SLE) y{sup -1}. The accumulated GrIS freshwater runoff contribution from surface melting equaled 160 mm SLE from 1950 through 2080. |
author |
Mernild, Sebastian Haugard Liston, Glen Hiemstra, Christopher Christensen, Jens |
author_facet |
Mernild, Sebastian Haugard Liston, Glen Hiemstra, Christopher Christensen, Jens |
author_sort |
Mernild, Sebastian Haugard |
title |
Greenland ice sheet surface mass-balance modeling in a 131-year perspective, 1950-2080 |
title_short |
Greenland ice sheet surface mass-balance modeling in a 131-year perspective, 1950-2080 |
title_full |
Greenland ice sheet surface mass-balance modeling in a 131-year perspective, 1950-2080 |
title_fullStr |
Greenland ice sheet surface mass-balance modeling in a 131-year perspective, 1950-2080 |
title_full_unstemmed |
Greenland ice sheet surface mass-balance modeling in a 131-year perspective, 1950-2080 |
title_sort |
greenland ice sheet surface mass-balance modeling in a 131-year perspective, 1950-2080 |
publishDate |
2021 |
url |
http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/971306 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/971306 |
geographic |
Greenland |
geographic_facet |
Greenland |
genre |
Greenland Ice Sheet |
genre_facet |
Greenland Ice Sheet |
op_relation |
http://www.osti.gov/servlets/purl/971306 https://www.osti.gov/biblio/971306 |
_version_ |
1772814944996163584 |